Solanum sect. Petota

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Solanum sect. Petota
Potato blossoms (Solanum tuberosum)

Potato blossoms ( Solanum tuberosum )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Nightshade (Solanales)
Family : Nightshade family (Solanaceae)
Genre : Nightshade ( solanum )
Subgenus : Potato
Section : Solanum sect. Petota
Scientific name
Solanum sect. Petota
Dumort.

The section Solanum sect. Petota is part of the subgenus Potatoe within the genus of nightshade ( Solanum ). In addition to the cultivated potato ( Solanum tuberosum ), the approximately 200 species include a large number of so-called wild potatoes. The main distribution area of ​​the section is in South America, but some species are also found in Central and North America.

description

The species of the Petota section are upright herbaceous plants , climbing plants or climbing shrubs . In most cases, they form underground tubers or stolons . Their leaves are usually pinnate unpaired, but sometimes they are simple or have only one or two lateral partial leaves. Intermediate leaflets are completely absent or are present in small to large numbers. The petioles as well as the partial petioles can be articulated at the base.

The inflorescences can be opposite to the leaves, outside the leaf axils or at the end. They consist of a few to many flowers . The pedicels are not accompanied by bracts and are articulated well above the base. The crown is usually wheel-shaped, in exceptional cases also star-shaped, it has a diameter of 20 to 35 mm. The five stamens are the same. The anthers are straight, 3 to 8 mm long and consist of two counters of the same size, overgrown over almost the entire length. The stamens are hairless or covered with trichomes at the base , they are shorter than the anthers and stand free from each other, only in exceptional cases are the enlarged bases of the stamens grown together. The stylus is hairless or approximately in the middle covered with papillae . Most of the time it is straight, rarely also bent back.

The fruits are spherical or slightly ovoid to slightly conical berries with a diameter of 15 to 25 mm or up to a length of 20 to 25 mm. They usually contain 300 to 500 seeds .

Systematics

External system

Within the genus nightshade ( Solanum ) the section Petota is classified in the subgenus Potatoe . Cladistic studies carried out on both a morphological and a molecular level have shown that the dissection is monophyletic. The relationships to closely related sections determined by these investigations are shown in the following cladogram:





Section of Lycopersicoides


   

Section Juglandifolia


   

Section Lycopersicon




   

Petota section



   

Etuberosum section



According to the cladogram

Internal system

Around 200 species are distinguished within the section. (List after)

swell

Individual evidence

  1. a b Iris E. Peralta, David M. Spooner, Sandra Knapp: Taxonomy of Wild Tomatoes and their Relatives (Solanum sect. Lycopersicoides, sect. Juglandifolia, sect. Lycopersicon; Solanaceae) . Systematic Botany Monographs, Volume 84, The American Society of Plant Taxonomists, June 2008. ISBN 978-0-912861-84-5
  2. David M. Spooner and Robert J. Hijmans: Potato Systematics and Germplasm Collecting, 1989-2000 . In: American Journal of Potato Research , Volume 78, 2001. Pages 237-268. doi : 10.1007 / BF02875691

literature

  • Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae. ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001. ISBN 3-904144-77-4 . Pages 320-326.
  • David M. Spooner et al .: Wild Potatoes (Solanum section Petota; Solanaceae) of North and Central America. Systematic Botany Monographs, Volume 68, The American Society of Plant Taxonomists, March 2004. ISBN 0-912861-68-1 .