Soldati class (1907)

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Marina Regia
Soldati- class
Bersagliere1 01.jpg Side elevation and top view
overview
Ship type : cacciatorpediniere destroyer
1921: torpedine torpedo boat
Units: 11
Builder: Ansaldo , Sestri Ponente / Genoa
Keel laying : July to November 1905, 1911
1. Launch : October 2, 1906 Bersagliere
1. Commissioning: July 13, 1907 Bersagliere
Use until: 1932
Technical specifications
Displacement : 395  t standard
415 t maximum
Length: 65.0 m above sea level, 64.5 m pp.
Width: 6.1 m
Draft : up to 2.1 m
Drive : 3 Thornycroft boilers
2 triple expansion
machines 6000 hp
Fuel supply: 95 tons of coal or 65 tons of oil
Speed : 28.5 kn
Range : 1,500 nm at 12 kn
Crew : 56
Armament: 4 × 76 mm L / 40 guns
3 × 457 mm torpedo tubes
up to 1o sea ​​mines

In 1905 the construction of ten Soldati class destroyers for the Italian Regia Marina began at the Ansaldo shipyard in Sestri Ponente . From 1907 to 1910 they were employed by the Regia Marina. The unfinished Ascaro , which was under construction for China at Ansaldo, was bought as the eleventh ship in 1912 .
The destroyers distinguished themselves in the Italo-Turkish War . When Italy entered the First World War on the Entente side in 1915, the destroyers of the Soldati class were no longer state-of-the-art and were given more and more secondary tasks. In July 1921, the units of the first Soldati class were reclassified to torpedo boats and then retired from 1923 to 1932.

History of the class

The Soldati class, often referred to as the Soldato class , got its name because the units in the class were named after members of various branches of service. The class was a further development of the previous Nembo class , the six destroyers of which were built at the Pattison shipyard in Naples from 1899 to 1905 according to plans by the British company Thornycroft . The blueprint was a variant of the 30-knotter (later C-class ) of the Royal Navy . The ships of the Soldati class were three-chimney, like most Italian destroyers until 1922. With a length of 65 m above sea level. the new units were only slightly longer than their predecessors. They were 6.1 m wide and had a draft of 2.1 m.

drive

The destroyers were powered by two triple expansion engines for the three Thornycroft boilers to produce the steam required. Six units used coal firing. On January 26, 1910, Fucilieri and Carabiniere, the first oil- fired destroyers, came into service, followed by two more. The coal ships had a bunker stock of 90 tons, the other 65 tons of oil. Ascaro , the purchased eleventh ship of the class, had one oil-fired and two coal-fired boilers. The design output of the machine system was 6,000 hp, with which a maximum speed of 28.5 knots (kn) was achieved over two shafts .
The six coal-fired destroyers were converted to oil-firing by 1915.

Armament

The destroyers were armed with four Armstrong 76/40 Mod. 1897 cannons , an Italian license production of the British QF 12 pounder 12 cwt by Ansaldo. There were also three individual 457 mm torpedo tubes and the ability to transport up to ten mines .

Equipped in this way, the boats displaced 395 t and a maximum of 412 t.

Mission history

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The ships first attracted attention when they were used to provide assistance in Messina after the earthquake there . In the Italo-Turkish War , some of the destroyers stood out in two battles: in the first naval battle of the war off Preveza on 29/30. September 1911, in which two Turkish torpedo boats ( Hamidiye , Alpagot ) were sunk and an auxiliary cruiser was hijacked, and in the battle in Kunfuda Bay ( Al Qunfudhah ) on the Red Sea on January 7, 1912, in which six Turkish gunboats ( Kastamonu , Gökçedağ , Refahiye , Ayintab , Ordu , Bafra ) were destroyed, a tug was sunk and a yacht was hijacked.

When Italy entered the First World War, Artigliere , Garibaldino , Lanciere , Bersagliere and Corazziere formed the 3rd destroyer squadron ( III Squadriglia Cacciatorpediniere ) in Brindisi (Genoa, a place of peace) and Ascaro , Pontiere , Alpino , Carabiniere and Fuciliere the 4th destroyer squadron also in Brindisi. The grenade , one of the older destroyers, was the II Squadriglia Cacciatorpediniere , in Taranto alongside the larger destroyers Insidioso , Impavido and Irrequieto of the subsequent Indomito class (1913) (672 t, 1913).

During the World War, the destroyers were used for subordinate tasks. Only the Garibaldino was lost , which sank on July 18, 1918 off Villefranche-sur-Mer after colliding with a British ship.

After the World War, some boats were used for school purposes. The Grenatiere served as a station ship in Rhodes from 1921 to 1924 . From March 1923 ( Launch ) to December 1932 ( Fuciliere ) the boats of the Soldati class left the service of the Regia Marina and were scrapped.

List of boats

Surname T Keel laying Launch Commissioning Decommissioning Remarks
Bersagliere K July 13, 1905 October 2, 1906 March 13, 1907 July 5, 1923
Grenades July 24, 1905 October 27, 1906 April 18, 1907 November 3, 1927
Launch July 24, 1905 February 27, 1907 August 1, 1907 March 4, 1923
Artigliere July 24, 1905 January 18, 1907 August 26, 1907 June 14, 1923
Corazzate October 23, 1905 December 11, 1909 May 16, 1910 June 1, 1928
Garibaldino October 23, 1905 February 12, 1910 June 1, 1910 - Sunk on July 18, 1918 after collision
Fuciliere Ö October 28, 1905 August 21, 1909 January 26, 1910 December 15, 1932
Carabiniere November 7, 1905 October 12, 1909 January 26, 1910 May 7, 1925
Pontiers November 18, 1905 January 3, 1910 February 11, 1910 July 1, 1929
Alpino 4th December 1905 November 27, 1909 April 1, 1910 June 1, 1928
Ascaro K + Ö 1911 December 6, 1912 July 21, 1913 May 31, 1930

literature

  • Robert Gardiner, Randal Gray: Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906-1921 , Conway Maritime Press, London 1985, ISBN 0-85177-245-5 .
  • Paul G. Halpern: A Naval History of World War I. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis 1995, ISBN 1-55750-352-4 .

Web links