Summer truffles

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Summer truffles
A bulbous fruiting body of the summer truffle (Tuber blotii) in section

A bulbous fruiting body of the summer truffle ( Tuber blotii ) in section

Systematics
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Pezizomycetes
Order : Cuplets (Pezizales)
Family : Related truffle (Tuberaceae)
Genre : Real truffles ( tuber )
Type : Summer truffles
Scientific name
Tuber blotii
( Wulfen ) Blast. (1827)

The summer truffle ( Tuber aestivum ( Franz Xaver von Wulfen ) Curt Sprengel (1827) ( Carlo Vittadini , nom. Illeg. ), Syn. Tuber blotii ), also called Scorzone in Piedmont , is a type of mushroom from the truffle relatives family and counts to the real truffles . Molecular biological studies have shown that the summer truffle and the Burgundy truffle are a single species.

features

Several bulbous, black fruiting bodies of summer truffles with the typical surface of pyramidal warts.

Macroscopic features

This truffle has more or less spherical or bulbous fruiting bodies that reach two to nine centimeters in diameter. It has a dark brown to black outer skin, which consists of pyramid-shaped warts. The flesh is very firm and hard, comparable to kohlrabi or carrots , and pervaded by whitish-gray veins that make it appear like marbling . Young the flesh is whitish and older fruiting bodies have a yellowish tint. The mushroom has a garlic or malty odor. When ripe, it quickly develops a metallic odor.

Microscopic features

The spores are brown in color and about 35 μm long. They are surrounded by a wide-meshed network of lamellar sculptures.

Species delimitation

The Perigord truffle ( Tuber melanosporum ) looks similar, and when ripe, it differs from the summer truffle with its darker flesh and fewer and thinner, white veins. The taste of the Perigord truffle is much more aromatic, which is why it is much more expensive.

Ecology and phenology

Summer truffles in stores

The fungus can be found in deciduous forests, especially under oaks and beeches , on lime and marl soils rich in bases. It is less common in coniferous forests.

The summer truffle appears unripe from June and ripe from September. The fruiting bodies can persist into February into the following year.

distribution

The mushroom is found in Provence , Spain , Italy , Albania , Hungary , Turkey and Switzerland. But summer truffles can also be found in Germany as far as the Jena area , in eastern Austria and, more rarely, in England .

meaning

The taste of the summer truffle is slightly nutty when it is well ripe. However, because of its mild taste, it is less popular than other types of truffle. The truffle is used as a seasoning mushroom , with artificial flavors sometimes being added.

swell

  • Andreas Gminder : manual for mushroom pickers. Identify 340 species of Central Europe with certainty . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-11472-8 . P. 341
  • Ettore Bielli: mushrooms. A comprehensive guide to identifying and collecting mushrooms . Italian original title: Funghi . Kaiser, Klagenfurt 2002, ISBN 3-7043-2179-6 . P. 209

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Species Fungorum
  2. ^ Mycobank
  3. ↑ M. Eudes-Deslongchamps: Mémoire sur une Truffe trouvée dans les environs de Caen. Mémoires de la Société linnéenne du Calvados . Caen (FR) 1824, p. 47–48, Plate: Figures I – III (available online in the Biodiversity Heritage Library ).
  4. ↑ Francesco Paolocci, Andrea Rubini, Claudia Riccioni, Fabiana Topini, Sergio Arcioni: Tuber aestivum and Tuber uncinatum: two morphotypes or two species? In: FEMS Microbiology Letters . tape 235 , no. 1 , 2004, p. 109–115 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1574-6968.2004.tb09574.x .
  5. ↑ Stebler Th., Tuber aestivum, Pollen-Wiki - The digital pollen atlas, Internet https://pollen.tstebler.ch/MediaWiki/index.php?title=Tuber_aestivum

Web links

Commons : Summer Truffle ( Tuber blotii )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files