Sommet de Château Jouan
| Sommet de Château Jouan | ||
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 South-east side of the Sommet de Château Jouan |
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| height | 2565 m | |
| location | Hautes-Alpes , France | |
| Mountains | Massif du Queyras , Cottian Alps | |
| Dominance | 2.4 km → Mont Chenaillet | |
| Notch height | 2315 m ↓ Col oriental du Gondran | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 54 '35 " N , 6 ° 42' 31" E | |
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| Normal way | From Montgenèvre | |
The 2565 meter high Sommet de Château Jouan is a peak in the French western Alps . He is just under 3 kilometers southwest of the Col de Montgenèvre in the department of Hautes-Alpes ( Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur ) and is part of the Massif du Queyras the Cottian Alps .
geography
The summit of the Sommet de Château Jouan, sometimes also known as Sommet de Château-Jouant or Mont Janus , is located on the municipal boundary between Montgenèvre and Val-des-Prés . Its southern ridge connects it with the 2,459 meter high Sommet des Anges . From here there is a connection to the main Alpine ridge via the southwest ridge of Mont Chenaillet (2650 meters) . The northeast ridge leads to the 2529 meter high Fort Janus and on to the Crête du Château Jouan , which drops quite steeply from its 2369 meter high northeast point to the Durance .
The easiest access to the Sommet de Château Jouan is from the 2344 meter high Col du Janus saddle in the south via an old military road that leads up to Fort Janus. On the left, it passes the 2398 meter high Querelay and, starting from a 2371 meter high saddle, crosses the rather steep south-east flank of the mountain, showing signs of erosion damage in places. The starting point of the Col du Janus can in turn be reached via two roads - from the Col de Montgenèvre in the north and via the Chemin du Janus from Briançon . The military roads are closed to civil traffic, but can be used by mountain bikers, ski tourers and hikers. The rather short ascent to the summit then runs from Fort Janus through brittle rock over an old path.
The Téléski du Querelay lift system , the Télésiège de l'Observatoire chairlift and two hiking trails lead to the south ridge, starting from the valley floor of the combined Durance .
Hydrography
The various source streams of the Durance, including the Ravin du Barral at the foot of the southeastern drop-off Les Roches , unite at around 2100 meters above sea level, about 1 kilometer east below the summit. The river then flows north towards Montgenèvre, where it bends in the west-south-west and then in the south-west - and thus circles the mountain range. The wooded northwest flank crosses several torrents, including the Torrent du Grand Réal , the Torrent des Ruines and the Ravin de Capadaygue . The torrents all flow into the Durance on the left.
geology
The north-east trending mountain range of the Sommet de Château Jouan is underlain in its rocky upper structure by the Upper Triassic Dolomites of the Norium . The dolomites resemble the main dolomite of the Eastern and Southern Alps and have been deposited on a subsidiary platform in an infra-, inter- and supratidal environment. Tectonically, they belong to the Rochebrune unit from the external Piedmont zone of the Penninic .
The Janus fault runs at the southeastern wall foot , a north-east trending right-handed lateral shift that can be followed almost as far as Claviere . The ceiling of the Lago Nero unit ends abruptly at it, with its sediment skin sloping flat to the east ( Upper Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous ). With its northwestern substructure, the mountain already runs over sediments of the internal Briançonnais zone along the more or less north-south running Aup-du-Pied fault . So we are here on the thrust front of the external Penninic.
The dip and strike of the Noric dolomites is very variable, but generally shows values around 30 ° to the southeast.
history
Due to its geographical location in the immediate vicinity of the Col de Montgenèvre, the north-east striking mountain ridge of the Sommet de Château Jouan was classified early on among the defensive systems in the Briançonnais . Already under Louis XIV , the eastern border of France - starting with the strongholds of Vauban up to the Maginot Line - was fortified more and more. In this context, a massive structure was built on a flat section of the ridge not far northeast of the summit, Fort Janus - the second highest fortress on the Maginot Line. When the Second World War approached , it was supplemented between 1931 and 1939 by several underground bunkers and modern artillery . In June 1940 the fort successfully fought the Italian artillery position on Mont Chaberton . There were also battles here in 1944, this time between German-Italian and French-Moroccan units.
Individual evidence
- ^ Jean Verhaeghe: Le 4e RTM: histoire d'un Régiment de tirailleurs marocains (1920-1964) . In: Service historique de l'Armée de terre . 1989, p. 114 .
