Soranos of Ephesus
Soranos of Ephesos - Latin Soranus , German also Soran (of Ephesos) - (born around 98 in Ephesos ; died around 138) was an ancient Greek doctor who worked in Rome around 100 AD . He belongs to the methodical school , wrote a standard textbook on gynecology and is considered an important representative of the pre-Galenic epoch of ancient medicine.
life and work
Soranos was the son of Meandros and Phoibe. He studied in Ephesus and Alexandria before working in Rome at the time of the emperors Trajan and Hadrian . There he belonged to the school of methodologists and wrote several medical and popular works, only partially preserved, among other things on gynecological diseases, reproductive medicine, chronic diseases, hygiene and surgery. Soranos attached importance to anatomy , which set him apart from the rigid methodologists. Among other things, he wrote a largely correct description of the appendage organs in the human embryo. A few other works have survived , including biographical ( Hippocrates- Vita), etymological (on the body part nomenclature) and philosophical ( π. Ψυχῆς , used by Tertullian in De anima ) writings. In the 5th century Caelius Aurelianus made Latin translations of his works, to which he added his own views, and is the only surviving source. Particularly noteworthy are the 3 books on acute and the 5 books on chronic illnesses, since with them the content of Soran's lost writings was preserved and was available to the Latin Middle Ages . Two of his gynecological works were translated into Latin around 500 by a certain Muscio (or Mustio).
Editions and translations
- H. Lüneburg (transl.), Johann Christian Huber (ed.): The gynecology (Peri gynaikeiōn) of Soranus of Ephesus: obstetrics, women's and children's diseases, dietetics of the newborns. Lehmann, Munich 1894.
- Karl Christoph Sproll: The fragments of the "Cheirurgumena" of Soran of Ephesus. Introduction, translation, commentary . Wuerzburg 1998.
- Paul Burguière, Danielle Gourevitch , Yves Malinas: Soranos d 'Éphèse, Maladies des femmes , Tome I, livre 1. Texts établi, traduit et commenté. Les Belles Lettres, Paris 1988
- Jutta Kollesch , Diethard Nickel : Ancient healing art - selected texts. Philipp Reclam jun., Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 978-3-15-009305-4 .
- Caelii Aureliani celerum passionum libri III, tardarum passionum libri V , ed. by Gerhard Bendz , translated by Ingeborg Pape , vol. 1 Berlin 1990, vol. 2 Berlin 1993 (Corpus Medicorum Latinorum VI.1 and VI.2)
literature
- Jochen Althoff : Soranos of Ephesus. In: Bernhard Zimmermann , Antonios Rengakos (Hrsg.): Handbook of the Greek literature of antiquity. Volume 2: The Literature of the Classical and Hellenistic Period. CH Beck, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-406-61818-5 , pp. 581-583
- Véronique Boudon-Millot : Soranos d'Éphèse. In: Richard Goulet (ed.): Dictionnaire des philosophes antiques. Volume 6, CNRS Éditions, Paris 2016, ISBN 978-2-271-08989-2 , pp. 477-480
- Israel Edward Drabkin: Soranus and his system of medicin. In: Bulletin of the History of Medicine 25, 1951, pp. 503-518.
Web links
- Literature by and about Soranos of Ephesus in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jutta Kollesch , Diethard Nickel : Ancient healing art. Selected texts from the medical writings of the Greeks and Romans. Philipp Reclam jun., Leipzig 1979 (= Reclams Universal Library. Volume 771); 6th edition ibid 1989, ISBN 3-379-00411-1 , pp. 29 and 95-97.
- ↑ Dieter Jetter: History of Medicine. Introduction to the development of medicine in all countries and times. Stuttgart and New York 1992, p. 100.
- ^ Wolfgang Wegner: Mustio (Muscio). In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1018 f.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Soranos of Ephesus |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Soranus; Soran of Ephesus |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | ancient doctor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1st century |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ephesus |
| DATE OF DEATH | 2nd century |