Sorbitan monostearate

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Structural formula
Structural formula of sorbitan monostearate
General
Surname Sorbitan monostearate
other names
  • Sorbitan monooctadecanoate
  • E  491
  • SORBITAN STEARATE ( INCI )
  • Span 60 ( brand name )
Molecular formula C 24 H 46 O 6
Brief description

white solid

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 1338-41-6
EC number 215-664-9
ECHA InfoCard 100.014.241
PubChem 16218600
Wikidata Q907898
properties
Molar mass 430.63 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

density

1.00 g cm −3

Melting point

53-57 ° C

solubility

almost insoluble in water, hardly soluble in ethanol 96%

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases H: no H-phrases
P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Sorbitan monostearate (trade name: Span 60 ) is a sorbitan fatty acid ester , an ester of sorbitol or 1,4-sorbitan anhydride ( sorbitan for short ).

use

It is used as an emulsifier in the pharmaceutical and food industries. It is approved in the EU as a food additive with the number E 491 for certain foods (including various baked goods, ice cream, desserts, sugar products and creamer ).

Because sorbitan monostearate is a hydrophobic nonionic surfactant , it gels numerous organic solvents such as hexadecane , isopropyl myristate, and a number of vegetable oils . These gels can be used in the administration of drugs and antigens .

Health assessments

The permitted daily dose is 25 mg / kg body weight per day. The European Food Safety Authority concluded that exposure did not exceed this limit value in any population group.

properties

Pharmaceutical qualities represent a mixture mainly of partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with stearic acid . The pale yellow, waxy, solid substance has a melting temperature of 50 to 60 ° C. The hydroxyl number is 235 to 260, the saponification number 147 to 157. With regard to the fatty acid fraction, a distinction is made between two types:

  • Type I with a stearic acid content of 40.0 to 60.0 percent
  • Type II with a stearic acid content of 60.0 to 80.0 percent

In both types, the total palmitic and stearic acid content is at least 90.0 percent.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry on E 491: Sorbitan monostearate in the European database for food additives, accessed on June 28, 2020.
  2. ↑ Entry on SORBITAN STEARATE in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on April 12, 2020.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Data sheet Sorbitan monostearate from AlfaAesar, accessed on June 24, 2013 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
  4. ↑ a b European Pharmacopoeia, 8th edition, basic work 2014. P. 4856 f.
  5. ↑ Sudaxshina Murdan, Gregory Gregoriadis, Alexander T. Florence: Novel sorbitan monostearate organogels . In: Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences . tape 88 , no. 6 , 1999, ISSN  0022-3549 , p. 608-614 , doi : 10.1021 / js980342r ( jpharmsci.org ).
  6. ↑ Alicja Mortensen, Fernando Aguilar u. a .: Re ‐ evaluation of sorbitan monostearate (E491), sorbitan tristearate (E492), sorbitan monolaurate (E493), sorbitan monooleate (E494) and sorbitan monopalmitate (E495) when used as food additives. In: EFSA Journal. 15, 2017, doi : 10.2903 / j.efsa.2017.4788 .