Special school in mathematics, science and technology
Fourteen special schools math.-nat.-techn. Direction in the GDR |
The special schools mathematical and scientific-technical direction were in the Democratic school system of the German Republic (GDR) special schools for the promotion of particularly gifted students in the fields of mathematics , science and technology , the mathematical as a single type of school from 1985/1986 from various special schools, mathematical scientific or technical orientation emerged.
history
From the mid-1960s, in addition to the special classes at universities, which generally accepted class 10 graduates, a few special schools had sprung up in the GDR , for example in Berlin , Dresden , Frankfurt (Oder) , Jena , Riesa , Erfurt and Kleinmachnow . These special schools were Extended Oberschulen (EOS), which began with the ninth (later the seventh) grade. They were mostly designed as boarding schools , as they accepted students from a larger area (mostly the district ). In addition to the certificate grades, entrance exams and interviews or successful participation in math Olympics and similar performance comparisons were decisive for admission .
The pupils at these schools received extended instruction in mathematical, scientific and technical subjects with additional curricula and increased number of hours. Compared to the general polytechnic high schools (POS) and the extended high schools (EOS) without subject-specific support, the schools often had better technical and personnel resources. Furthermore, the class size was somewhat smaller with around 20 students. The mathematics and physics lessons in the special classes at ESOS Kleinmachnow were sometimes even held in half-groups (10–12 students), which enabled the students to find intensive and creative solutions. Classes in natural sciences and foreign languages took place at ESOS Ilmenau in half groups (10–12 students). The graduation took place after the twelfth grade with the Abitur . The schools differed in terms of their profile, for example in Dresden there was a special school with an electrical engineering focus. Some schools, such as the Goetheschule in Ilmenau, only contained individual specially designed classes, so-called "S classes".
On the basis of a resolution by the Ministry of Education in 1979, the various special schools were standardized from 1981 - but above all from the mid-1980s - and new special schools for mathematics, science and technology were founded until 1989. The restructuring brought uniform advanced curricula and uniform examination tasks for the Abitur with it.
The individual schools
At the time of political change there were 14 such schools in the GDR. Basically there was one such special school in each of the fourteen districts of the GDR plus Berlin, mostly in the capitals of the districts. Exceptions:
- There was no special school in the districts of Schwerin and Neubrandenburg .
- In the Dresden district there were two special schools, Riesa and Dresden (the one in Dresden had no boarding school).
- In three districts the special school was not located in the district capital:
- in the Suhl district it was in Ilmenau ,
- in the Gera district it was in Jena and
- in the Potsdam district it was in Kleinmachnow .
Most of the former special schools continue to exist as high schools with a corresponding focus on mathematics and natural sciences.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d C. Hache: Mathematical and natural science special schools in East Germany , in Physikalische Blätter der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 3/91 .
- ↑ H. Frank, W. Ziemann: Information on special classes at sections for mathematics and natural sciences at universities and colleges, version from January 1979, Humboldt University of Berlin, sheet 1 , sheet 2
- ^ History of the development of the special classes at the Goetheschule Ilmenau
- ^ History of the Heinrich Hertz School in Berlin
Web links
- Special classes in Germany
- List of the still existing special schools (incomplete, as Albert Einstein School Rostock is not listed), link broken on September 22, 2018 (target page without content on the topic).