Spike (anti-tank guided missile)

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Spike (anti-tank guided missile)

Spike LR
Spike LR

General Information
Type Anti-tank guided missile
Local name Gil, Spike, NT Dandy, Tamuz
NATO designation Spike
Country of origin IsraelIsrael Israel
Manufacturer Rafael Armament Development Authority
development 1970s
Commissioning 1981
Working time in action
Technical specifications
Combat weight Spike LR: 13.5 kg
Spike ER: 34 kg
Spike NLOS: 71 kg
Drive
First stage
Second stage
Solid fuel booster
Solid rocket engine
Range Spike LR: 4 km
Spike ER: 8 km
Spike NLOS: 25 km
Furnishing
steering Spike LR / ER: INS & fiber optic cable
Spike NLOS: INS & directional radio
Target location Imaging infrared seeker head and / or CCD
Warhead Tandem shaped charge & fragmentation warhead
Detonator Impact fuse
Weapon platforms Trucks, helicopters, ships
Lists on the subject

The Spike is a family of anti-tank guided weapons . It is manufactured by the Israeli arms manufacturer Rafael Armament Development Authority .

history

Development of the variant known as Spike- NLOS began in the late 1970s and was available to the Israel Defense Forces from 1981 and classified as a secret, which was only relaxed in 2011. Much longer, almost 33 years later, the existence of a missile carrier on the hull of the Magach 5 became known, which has been able to fire the fourth generation of the weapon since 2015.

Four other variants ( Short Range - SR, Medium Range - MR, Long Range - LR and Extended Range - ER) were developed from 1987 and put into service in 1997. The spike can be fired from a ground station, vehicles or helicopters. It is possible to fire the weapon in Fire-and-Forget -, Fire-Observe-and-Update - or Fire-and-Steer mode. It has a PBF (Penetration, Blast and Fragmentation) warhead with a tandem shaped charge . The data transmission via fiber optic cable makes it possible to switch the rocket to another target while it is in flight and to launch the rocket without visual contact with the target and only assign a target during the flight. The operator can also correct the flight of the rocket in the event of deviations. An infrared sensor system is used as the steering system, which is equipped with a CCD , an infrared viewfinder or both, depending on the version .

In June 2009 the German Armed Forces ordered 311 launchers of the MELLS type (multi-role light guided missile system) for Spike-LR missiles worth 35 million euros. The launchers are to be used partly on the new Puma armored personnel carriers and partly in dismounted combat by infantrymen. The manufacturer is Eurospike GmbH, founded in 1997, a joint venture between Diehl BGT Defense , Rheinmetall (40 percent each) and Rafael (20 percent). The contract also includes an option to purchase 1,160 missiles worth EUR 68 million.

Model variants

"Gil" anti-tank missile launcher (missile Spike-MR)
IDF weapons carrier Pereh with 12 spike NLOS missiles (Tamuz 2 or 4). The Magach's armored hull serves as the basis . The on-board cannon is a dummy barrel for camouflage.
  • Spike-SR: Fire-and-forget variant with a relatively short range of up to 1,500–1,800 meters. It works without a separate launcher and therefore without an external sensor. No top attack mode is advertised for Spike-SR.
  • Spike-Mini: Has a range of around 1,200 meters. The complete starting unit weighs 12 kilograms. The launch tube with the missile weighs 4 kilograms. The Spike-Mini project has been discontinued.
  • Spike-MR: (also known as Gil): Medium range variant. This is between 200 and 2,500 meters. The weight of the rocket is 13.5 kilograms. The starting block, the accumulator and the tripod (each weighing nine, one and three kilograms) are also used in other land-based variants of the Spike family.
  • Spike-LR: variant with a range of 4,000 meters. The name of the IDF is Gomed.
  • Spike-LR II: Modernized Spike-LR, introduced in 2017. With new electronics and different warhead options, such as a multi-purpose warhead with different detonator programs. The range from ground-based starters is 5,000 meters, from helicopters 10,000 meters. The missile is backwards compatible with all launchers that have already been introduced.
  • Spike-ER: Variant with a very long range. It used to be known as NT-Dandy or NT-D . It has a range of up to 8,000 meters. It has a larger diameter and is heavier than the other variants. It is usually deployed from vehicles and helicopters. The weight of the rocket is 34 kilograms, that of the starting block 30 or 55 kilograms for vehicle and air variants. The IDF calls the version the Perakh Bar.
  • Spike-ER II: Modernized Spike-ER, presented in 2018. With new electronics and improved seeker head. The range from ground-based starters is 10,000 meters, from helicopters 16,000 meters. The missile is backwards compatible with all launchers that have already been introduced.
  • Spike-NLOS (Tamuz): Tamuz 2 has a range of 15,000 meters. Tamuz 4 has an increased range of 30,000 meters. An infrared image seeker is used to search for a target. The weight is 70 kg. The video data from the seeker head is transmitted to a screen console in a vehicle via radio relay. Tamuz 5, the latest development, has improved day / night vision and can be controlled by laser. An HMMWV can be equipped with up to four start containers. According to the IDF, variants against flight destinations are also available.

Replicas

The Iran developed with the Sadid 1 a Panzeabwehr-guided missile, which is based on the technologically Spike. With her u. a. the Shahed 129 drone of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard armed. The technology of the traditional Iranian anti-tank weapon Toophan was also incorporated .

User countries

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Spike  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Spike Family. (PDF) In: rafael.co.il. Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, accessed September 1, 2017 .
  2. ^ A b Yaakov Lappin: Analysis: IDF breaks 33-year silence on M48 Tamuz missile launcher. (No longer available online.) In: IHS Jane's Defense Weekly. IHS Janes, August 6, 2015; archived from the original on August 9, 2015 ; accessed on August 10, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Rafael Advanced Defense Systems unveils its fifth generation SPIKE LR II Missile. In: armyrecognition.com. Army Recognition, May 27, 2017, accessed June 1, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Gerhard Heiming: Spike ER2 with new capabilities. In: esut.de. European Security & Technology, November 1, 2018, accessed December 20, 2018 .
  5. ↑ http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/rafael-unveils-new-long-range-spike-missile-335463/
  6. ↑ http://www.rafael.co.il/Marketing/343-1608-en/Marketing.aspx
  7. ↑ http://www.military.com/video/guided-missiles/advanced-weapons/israeli-tamuz-spike-nlos-missile/1099584652001/
  8. ^ Administrator says: Examining Iranian Drone Strikes in Syria. February 29, 2016, accessed June 10, 2020 (American English).
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Trade Register on sipri.org , accessed on July 28, 2020
  10. ↑ Ran Dagoni: Rafael in $ 1b Indian anti-tank missile deal , Globes - Israel business news. March 24, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2011. 
  11. ↑ Israel pips US in anti-tank guided missile supply to India . Times of India. November 29, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  12. ↑ w.defensenews.com/article/20131120/DEFREG03/311200016/India-Eyes-Spike-Javelin-Buys http://www.defensenews.com/article/20131120/DEFREG03/311200016/India-Eyes-Spike-Javelin- Buys
  13. ↑ India will purchase 8,000 Israeli Spike anti-tank guided missiles and 300 units of launchers ( Memento from January 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) - Armyrecognition.com, October 26, 2014
  14. ↑ arming .. . Retrieved June 26, 2014.
  15. ↑ http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/rafael-sharpens-spike-missile-offering-399815/
  16. ^ NT Spike . Tealgroup Corporation. March 2011. Archived from the original on April 5, 2012. Retrieved on August 15, 2013.
  17. ↑ a b The Military Balance 2014 . In: Taylor and Francis (Eds.): International Institute for Strategic Studies . United Kingdom 2014, ISBN 978-1-85743-722-5 .
  18. ^ The Latvian National Armed Forces (PDF report) . Latvian Ministry of Defense . July 2008. Accessed on November 23, 2011.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.mod.gov.lv  
  19. ↑ Meseko. Retrieved December 2, 2014 .
  20. ↑ Poland Selects Rafael Spike NT-S Anti-Tank Missile. In: defense-update.com. July 8, 2002, archived from the original on October 28, 2007 ; accessed on December 2, 2014 .
  21. ↑ http://www.slovenskavojska.si/en/armament-and-equipment/light-infantry-and-support-armament/pors-spike-mrlr/
  22. ↑ https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2020/03/09/slovakia-selects-rafaels-spike-lr-ii-missile-for-anti-tank-capability/
  23. ^ Spike Missiles for Spain. January 28, 2008, accessed October 23, 2009 .
  24. ↑ Defensa recepciona los primeros misiles Spike fabricados en España por Santa Bárbara Sistemas. June 8, 2009, Retrieved October 23, 2009 (Spanish).
  25. ↑ Jane's International Defense Review , IHS, November 2011, Rupert Pengelley