St. Bartholomew (Biblis)

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St. Bartholomew

The Catholic parish church of St. Bartholomew is a listed church building in Biblis in the Bergstrasse district ( Hesse ).

prehistory

In 836, the Franconian Count Werinher gave the Lorsch Monastery a house church of its own, including the village of Bibifloz (Biblis). This date also marks the first documentary mention, namely in the Lorsch Codex , of both a settlement and a church at this location. Since then there has been an uninterrupted continuity in both the parish and a Catholic church. The first church is likely to have been a simple wooden structure, which is characteristic of the sacred architecture in rural areas, as a result of the Irish Scottish mission that began before Boniface . From 1332, when after the abolition of the imperial Lorsch monastery by Emperor Friedrich II. Biblis was transferred to the possession of the archbishopric of Mainz and the parish to the jurisdiction of the archdiocese of Mainz , the old wooden church was replaced by a stone building.

In the course of the introduction of the Calvinist Reformation - Biblis and the Office of Starkenburg had meanwhile been pledged to the Elector Palatine - Count Palatine and Elector Friedrich I of the Palatinate had a new church built in Biblis in 1560. After the Thirty Years' War, when Biblis became Electoral Mainz again in the so-called Bergstrasse secondary recourse in 1650, parts of the church - probably only the roof - were restored. In 1659 a gallery was drawn in and the ceiling was covered with wood paneling. On November 1st, 1660 the church was consecrated anew and received the patronage from Saint Bartholomew .

Towards the end of the 17th century the church became very dilapidated, but only the most necessary repairs seem to have been initiated. It was not until 1759 that Elector and Archbishop Johann Friedrich Karl von Ostein (1743–1763) had the church repaired and expanded with a new choir at the insistence of the parish and pastor. On September 26, 1762, the church was consecrated anew by Auxiliary Bishop Christoph Nebel .

Pastor Dvorak initiated the rebuilding of today's parish church. On November 9, 1876, after around four years of construction, which at the time was a horrific construction cost of almost 266,000 Reichsmarks, the neo-Gothic church "St. Bartholomäus" was inaugurated by Mainz Bishop Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherrn von Ketteler and given its purpose and use.

History and architecture

The previous church became too small in 1848 due to the rapidly growing population. The double-towered, neo-Romanesque-early Gothic basilica with transept and choir was built from 1872 to 1876 according to plans by the Grand Ducal Hessian district architect Christian Horst . The model was the Elisabethenkirche in Marburg .

The front facade is divided into the basement with the portals . In the middle above there is a large wheel window. This is followed by the so-called dwarf gallery with six columns and above the two tower shafts with a large window each of the two bell chambers . The spiers are covered with slate and have triangular gables . The two towers are reinforced by buttresses arranged at right angles to each other . Two lower aisles lean against the central nave , creating an upper aisle. This is divided by four buttresses with sloping covers. The buttresses continue on the outer walls of the aisles. The fields are structured by pointed arched windows in the aisle area and by pointed arches incised blind arches with rose windows. The walls of the upper storeys each rest on four round columns, the leaf capitals of which are adorned with early Gothic plant ornaments. The crossing bears a ribbed vault with a ring-shaped keystone and forms the triumphal arch leading to the choir.

Furnishing

  • In the middle of the high altar is a relief from 1490 depicting Christ's departure from his disciples . It was the master of Leutstetten in imitation of Erasmus Grasser made
  • On the altar of Mary there is a Virgin from the second half of the 15th century
  • Anna selbdritt was created around 1500
  • St. Joachim is from the beginning of the 16th century
  • The Sebastian on the Sebastian altar is from the beginning of the 16th century
  • Figures of the Three Kings from 1520
  • The gilded cross, from 2000 above the altar, shows Christ as the victor over death.

Organs

Main organ console

Main organ

The main organ was built in 1992 by Gebr. Oberlinger / Windesheim . The organ hangs on the front of the gallery and thus gives at least a partial view of the rosette behind it. The previous organ was much smaller. Seen from the chancel, it snuggled up against the left wall. Thus, it gave the entire view of the rose window. Today's organ occupies the entire width of the gallery. The magazine bellows is located in the eastern tower. at the level of the organ. The Oberlinger organ has 33 registers (around 2210 pipes) distributed over 2 manuals and pedal.

The arrangement of the organ is as follows:

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Prefix 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Flûte harmonique 8th'
4th Gamba 8th'
5. Bourdon 8th'
6th Octave 4 ′
7th Flute 4 ′
8th. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
9. Super octave 2 ′
10. Sifflet 1'
11. Cornett V
12. Mixture V 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
13. Trumpet 8th'
Zimbelstern
II Swell C – g 3
14th Wooden principal 8th'
15th Salicional 8th'
16. Vox coelestis 8th'
17th Bourdon 8th'
18th Prefix 4 ′
19th Flûte octaviante 4 ′
20th Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
21st Octavine 2 ′
22nd Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
23. Plein jeu V 2 ′
24. Basson 16 ′
25th Trompette harmonique 8th'
26th Hautbois 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
27. Principal bass 16 ′
28. Sub bass 16 ′
29 Octavbass 8th'
30th Dacked bass 8th'
31. Choral bass 4 ′
32. trombone 16 ′
33. Trumpet 8th'
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: II / I
  • Playing aids : 650 typesetting combinations

Choir organ

The choir organ with 8 registers is located in the transept.

I Manual C – f 3
1. Hollow flute 8th'
2. Violon 8th' D.
3. Prefix 4 ′
4th flute 4 ′
5. Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ B / D
6th Octave 2 ′
7th third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′ B / D
8th. Mixture II-III B / D
Pedal C – d 1
attached

Bells

Bell 1 in the west tower
Bells 2–5 in the east tower

number Surname tower Casting year Caster Weight Nominal Ringing order
1 Bartholomew Bell west 1982 Bachert company 2321 kg C ' plenum

Ringing out for the deceased
Before burial,
conversion on solemn festivals

2 Marienbell east 1982 Bachert company 1666 kg It plenum

Vigil Mass, High Mass, late trade
ring out for the dead
hour strike

3 Joseph Bell east 1982 Bachert company 1234 kg F ' plenum

Eve mass, high mass, late mass
partial bell (e.g. weekday mass )
change in normal church services

4th Theresienglocke east 1982 Bachert company 817 kg G plenum

Eve mass, high mass, late mass
partial bell (e.g.
weekday mass ) ringing out for the deceased
2nd quarter-hour strike
5 Sebastianus Bell east 1982 Bachert company 472 kg B´ plenum

Eve mass, high mass, late mass
partial bell (e.g. weekday mass )
1st quarter-hour strike

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Hessen . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1966

Web links

Commons : St. Bartholomäus  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Dehio ; Edited by Magnus Backes: Hessen . In: Handbook of German Art Monuments . First volume. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1966, p. 78 .
  2. ↑ from: 125 years of St. Bartholomäus Biblis, 1st edition 11.2000, Carlo Gobs

Coordinates: 49 ° 41 ′ 4 "  N , 8 ° 27 ′ 3"  E