St. Johannes Baptist (Neheim)
The Catholic parish church of St. Johannes Baptist in Arnsberg - Neheim is colloquially known as the “Sauerland Cathedral” because of its dimensions. In Attendorn there is also a church with this nickname . The church patron is John the Baptist in both cities .
history
Schinkelbau
A church is attested for Neheim for 1294. After this was destroyed by fire, a new building was built in 1673. In April 1807 Neheim burned down except for a few houses. The church was also lost. This was in the area of today's Mendener Strasse near the Möhne .
It took a long time before a new building was built. This was also due to the fact that the reconstruction plan provided for a significant increase in the urban area and a right-angled road network. Approximately in the middle of today's market square, an area was also planned for a new church and the town hall. Until a new church was built, there was only an emergency church covered with straw. In addition, two smaller chapels were used.
The first drafts in the classical style for a new church came from the geometer Eigenbroth in 1808. But it was not until 1815 that the foundation stone was laid based on a design by Ernst Plassmann. The building was not completed because the new Prussian government thought the building was too small. The dispute over the church building obligation delayed the construction. In the meantime, various plans for a new building have been drawn up since 1813. Among them was a new design by Plassmann in 1817. The plans were not approved by the superstructure inspection headed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel . This in turn made drafts, but was forced to change them several times. The designs became easier and simpler for reasons of cost. In the execution draft, the ogival windows had given way to round arches. Although the planning had not yet been finally completed, the foundation stone was laid in 1819. The construction could not be completed until 1822. Schinkel's first two designs are considered to be the first neo-Gothic church designs in Westphalia. However, classical building elements were also used . The church, built in the style of a pillar basilica , had an area of 432 m² and offered space for 500 people. The building was towered over by a large ridge tower.
New building since 1893
Due to the extremely strong increase in population, a larger church was necessary a short time later. Today's church building was to be built in two construction phases according to designs by the architects Carl Rüdell and Richard Odenthal from Cologne. In the first phase of construction between April 1892 and November 1893 the transept, choir and two east towers were built as an extension of the existing church from 1822.
After a 17-year interruption, the nave and the west tower were built in the second construction phase between 1910 and 1913 instead of the church completed in 1822. The consecration of the parish church took place on July 7, 1913.
In the period that followed, various renovations were carried out. A comprehensive exterior and interior renovation took place from 2000 to 2004.
description
The St. John's Church is a three-aisled basilica in neo-Romanesque style . She has a cruise ship, a west and two east towers. The length of the church is 67 meters, including the wall and stairs 75 meters, the width 44 meters and the clear height of the central nave 20.5 meters. The two east towers each measure 41 meters, the west tower (with cross and cock) 83 meters.
Furnishing
The church has a rich treasure trove of works of art and objects of art. Some of the art objects, such as a host box from the 16th century, monstrances and vestments from the Renaissance period are exhibited in the Diocesan Museum in Paderborn.
The oldest and most valuable work of art in the church is the triumphal cross, which was made at the end of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th century. It is made of oak and bears the symbols of the four evangelists at the ends of the cross.
There are seven altars in the church : the high altar from 1893, the Mary's altar from 1894, the Johannes altar from 1894, the Barbara altar, the Sacred Heart altar and the celebration altar. As part of the last interior renovation, a weekday church with its own small altar was set up in the choir between the celebration and high altar.
The Sacred Heart Altar contains the cross ostensorium, a monstrance-like device for the display of the cross relic. It dates from the second half of the 19th century. Around 1780 the Johanneskirche received the cross relic from the imperial treasure in Vienna. There is supposed to be a real, larger piece of Jesus' cross. The cross particles are in an oval silver capsule that was made in 1779. The altarpiece was created by the Neheim painter Ritterbach. In the background it shows the Johanneskirche with the west tower and the former town hall, as well as portraits of Neheim citizens.
Also of note is the Sistine Madonna, a painting modeled after the painter Raphael and a gift from the Crown Prince of Prussia.
The station pictures of the Way of the Cross were made in 1881 by the Munich painter Franz Krombach . They were in St. Marien, Kamen-Methler until 1979.
organ
In 1929, after more than a year of construction, one of the largest organs in the Archdiocese of Paderborn and one of the largest instruments in the country at that time was completed. The Anton Feith company in Paderborn (formerly Eggert Orgelbau-Anstalt - today Orgelbau Sauer & Heinemann , Höxter ) had it based on the model of the Paderborn cathedral organ that had been built shortly before. 58 registers were distributed over three manuals and pedal of the main organ in the west tower, 14 registers still form the remote control over the vault in front of the high choir. The organ was repeatedly restored and rebuilt.
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- Link: II / I, III / I, IV / I, I / P, II / P, III / P
Bells
As part of the renovation, which took place from 2000 to 2004, the bell cage was also replaced in 2001. The bells were overhauled and added to eight bells. After the changes, the direct sound of the bells will be carried into the distance, while the sound around the church will be muffled.
|
No. |
Surname |
Casting year |
Foundry, casting location |
Weight (kg) |
Nominal (16th note) |
| 1 | Christ bell | 2001 | Hans August Mark, Brockscheid | 7283 kg | f sharp 0 +3 |
| 2 | Hermann-Joseph ( cast steel bell ) | 1920 | Bochum Association | 2630 kg | ais 0 +4 |
| 3 | Maria (cast steel bell) | 1920 | Bochum Association | 1490 kg | cis 1 +1 |
| 4th | Johannes Baptist (cast steel bell) | 1920 | Bochum Association | 1100 kg | e 1 +4 |
| 5 | Apollonia (cast steel bell) | 1920 | Bochum Association | 830 kg | f sharp 1 ± 0 |
| 6th | Big clock bell | 2001 | Hans August Mark, Brockscheid | 73 kg | ais 2 +3 |
| 7th | Small clock bell | 2001 | Hans August Mark, Brockscheid | 44 kg | c sharp 3 +4 |
| 8th | Transformation bell | 1790 | JR Voict | 75 kg | g 2 +1 |
Parish of St. Johannes
The parish of St. Johannes Baptist Neheim and Vosswinkel today has around 15,500 parishioners. The parish was re-established on January 1, 2013. In addition to the church of St. Johannes Baptist, the parish also includes the churches of St. Joseph Bergheim , St. Isidor Bachum, St. Michael Neheim , St. Elisabeth Moosfelde , St. Franziskus Müggenberg-Rusch and St. Urbanus Voßwinkel .
There has been an official partnership with the parish of St. Jean-Baptiste Rechèvre in Chartres, France, since 1989 and 1990 respectively . Abbé Franz Stock was buried in the church of St. Jean-Baptiste . Abbé Franz Stock (born September 21, 1904 in Neheim; † February 24, 1948 in Paris) comes from the parish of St. Johannes. He was a Catholic priest and during the German occupation in World War II pastor of the prisons of Paris and the place of execution on Mont Valerien. He is considered to be a pioneer of German-French friendship.
Parish Church of St.Johannes-Baptist, Neheim
West tower from the south
West tower of the parish church of St. Johannes Bapt. Neheim, scaffolded during the renovation in 2000
Parish Church of St. John Bapt. Neheim, south side, illuminated
Exterior view of the parish church with the Neheimer Glockenspiel in the foreground
Main tower of the church seen from the market square
Total view from the south-east
Parish Church of St John the Baptist side view
Sauerland Cathedral interior view.
literature
- Uwe Haltaufderheide: The architectural monuments of the city of Arnsberg. Collection period 1980–1990. City of Arnsberg, Arnsberg 1990, ISBN 3-928394-01-0 , pp. 227-229.
- Franz Schnütgen, Karl Josef Köhler, Ansgar Volmer: 100 Years of the Sauerland Cathedral, 1893–1993. Building and parish of St. Johannes Baptist Neheim. Catholic rectory of St. Johannes Baptist Neheim, Arnsberg 1994.
- Ansgar Volmer, Hermann Griesenbrock (Red.): Neheimer Glocken (= An Möhne, Röhr and Ruhr 22, ISSN 1860-0018 ). Catholic parish of St. Johannes Baptist Neheim, Arnberg 2002.
Peter Vormweg: The neo-Gothic in the Westphalian church building. Lindenberg 2013.
Individual evidence
- ^ Peter Vormweg: The neo-Gothic in the Westphalian church building. Lindenberg im Allgäu, 2013 p. 42f., P. 228–230
- ↑ Information on disposition
- ↑ WAZ, press report on the start-up, January 7, 2013
Web links
- Catholic parish of St. Johannes Baptist Neheim and Voßwinkel
- Dombauverein Neheim eV
- more information about St. John's Church
- Panorama of the church
Coordinates: 51 ° 27 '9.4 " N , 7 ° 57' 42.7" E