St. Johannes Baptist (Attendorn)
The collegiate foundation St. Johannes in Attendorn was a foundation of the 14th century. His task was to hold common prayers in the parish church. In 1825 the choir service was canceled by the Paderborn Vicar General. The choir fund still exists today.
History and Development
The Attendorn merchant Johann von der Becke donated the choir chapter, which was founded in 1396 by Archbishop Friedrich III of Cologne. has been confirmed. All priests from Attendorn belonged to the foundation. Their task was to sing the church prayers together three times a day. For this purpose they gathered in the parish church of Attendorn, the so-called Sauerland Cathedral. (There is also a “cathedral” in Arnsberg - Neheim . The church patron is John the Baptist in both cities .) The choir fund was fed from income from various lands and capital income and thus secured the economic basis of the choir chapter.
The choir chapter had an average of five to seven members. It consisted of the pastor and vicars from the various local charities. The senior was the oldest local priest. He managed the assets and directed the organization.
In 1825 the Paderborn Vicar General Richard Dammers ended the choral service in Attendorn, on the grounds that the clergy would otherwise no longer be able to fulfill their essential official duties.
The collegiate foundation “Capitulum Attendorniensis St. Joan. Bapt. ”Called. The names "Capitulum Attendorniensis" (1396) and "Chorkapitel zu Attendorn" (1825) have also survived.
After the choir chapter was dissolved, the archival material came to the Attendorn parish archive. Almost 300 books came from the library to the Archbishop's Academic Library in Paderborn.
Parish Church of St. John Baptist
The community belongs to the Attendorn Pastoral Association.
Excavations in 1974 revealed three previous buildings, namely a hall church with a rectangular choir from the 9th century, a basilica with a rectangular choir and west tower from 11/12. Century and a basilica with a three-conch gate and a new west tower from the first half of the 13th century.
The existing church was built in the second half of the 14th century, starting with the choir. The tower of the previous church was preserved. The rib vaults were partially renewed in the 19th century. The west portal was used in 1923/24. The two eastern aisle yokes protrude slightly transversely like a ship. The western nave bays are structured by jagged friezes and blended ooculi . The windows have three and four lanes.
The building was damaged in World War II . In a bombing raid on March 28, 1945, the windows facing the market were initially damaged, and later another bomb hit the southwest corner of the tower, which then caught fire. The flames spread to the church roof, but the vaults and masonry withstood the flames. The reconstruction of the church, which included the installation of a new organ, lasted until 1962.
In 1980 the building was newly plastered. In a devotional chapel with confessional chapel, consecrated in 2017, a tabernacle by the artist Matthias Engert forms the focus. In 2020, cracks were found on the southern and eastern outer walls, but the building's load-bearing capacity was unrestricted.
tower
The floors of the Romanesque tower from the 13th century are structured by round arches, pilaster strips and jagged friezes. The bell storey is structured by round-arched openings with inserted columns. The addition from the Gothic period is crowned with a two-tiered helmet , which was restored in 1948. The tower hall is open to the ship, the vaulted room on the upper floor with a four-part arcade is decorated with late Romanesque dragon and leaf capitals.
The wrought-iron tower cross, which was rebuilt after the bombing in World War II and was pulled to the top of the tower by means of a pulley system in 1948, is 7.28 meters high and 2.80 meters wide. The copper weathercock on top is 85 centimeters high. The cross weighs around 600 kilograms.
Furnishing
Most of the baroque furnishings were made in Johann Sasse's workshop . Some pieces were destroyed in a town fire in 1783, including the high altar as a central piece of furnishings . From the older parts, the late Romanesque lecture cross and the Vasa Sacra are exhibited in the Südsauerlandmuseum. Some baroque figures are in the St. Barbara church.
pulpit
The pulpit is one of the most magnificent from the Sasse workshop. The colorful rococo version is set off with gold. The pulpit is decorated with figures of the four evangelists seated under canopies and the four Latin church fathers standing. The evangelists can be recognized by the attached attributes . The church fathers stand a little bit forward between pillars. The basket and the sound cover hang on a column that is surrounded by the stairs. The pulpit floor is decorated with figure reliefs depicting female caryatids . The sound cover is designed as a flat screen and is not crowned. The original volute structure has not been preserved.
South side altar
The southern side altar was probably made by Johannes Sasse in 1670 and is dedicated to St. Consecrated to Sebastian. The main floor is a portal flanked by spiral columns. The altarpiece represents the martyrdom of St. Sebastian. It is assigned to the 18th century. The name of the painter has not been passed down. A copper engraving by Jan Muller served as a model . In the upper part of the altar are the figures of Saint Anne and her daughter Maria. Above it opens a gable , which shows a golden sun above the cartridge . On the cornice there are figures of Anthony of Padua and of Anthony the Hermit. Figures of Elisabeth of Thuringia and St. Sebastian stand on the main floor.
North side altar
The northern side altar with white, twisted columns is marbled in black. It was built around 1700. Essential parts come from a former altar of the St. James and Andrew Vicaries and an Agatha altar, which was badly dilapidated in the middle of the 19th century. During a renovation in 1961, the figures were partially added in some places. On the altar there are figures of Saints James the Elder, Elisabeth and Agatha. The figure of the saint on the pedestal on the upper floor cannot be assigned, the attributes are lost. The upper painting shows God the Father with a scepter and the globe, the lower one depicts the Holy Family in a desert-like landscape. In connection, both images show the representation of the Trinity .
Christophorus
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In the south aisle there is a larger than life figure of Christophorus . With a height of almost 3.50 meters, it is the tallest figure in the church. It is an early work from the Sasse workshop. According to the inscription in the cartouche under the console, it was made in 1680 by Christophorus Zeppenfeld and his wife Anna Catharina Maria, geb. Christiani donated. The figure is reminiscent of the huge depiction of the saint in Paderborn, which was created by Heinrich Gröninger in 1619 .
Other equipment
- Six of the presumably original twelve apostle figures are preserved in the choir. The life-size figures come from the Sasse workshop. In 1843 eight surviving figures , two of which had been eaten away by the woodworm, were removed; the rest were lost beforehand.
- The baptismal font from Trachyt is probably from the 11th century.
- The softwood pietà was carved in the 14th century.
- A crucifix is from the early 15th century.
- A figure of the Mother of God with the baby Jesus from the 14th century and a figure of Saint Joseph found a place in the parish church from the secular St. Joseph's Church.
organ
The organ was built in 1957 by the organ building company Klais (Bonn). The instrument has 43 stops (cone chests) on three manual works and a pedal. The playing and stop actions are electric. The organ with around 3,500 pipes was extensively restored in 2013/14 for almost 270,000 euros. The work was again taken over by the Klais organ building workshop. Among other things, a new gaming table was installed.
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- Coupling : I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
Bells
St. John Baptist has an impressive eight-part chime. The belfry was rebuilt after the destruction in World War II. In order to carry the weight of the bells of more than 13 tons, the stone wall of the tower was compacted and steel girders were used.
| No. | Surname | Casting year | Foundry | material | Weight [kg] | Chime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Marienbell | 1927 | Buderus & Humpert in Wetzlar | Cast steel | 4,100 | a 0 -7 |
| 2 | Joseph Bell | 1962 | Friedrich-Wilhelm Schilling, Heidelberg | bronze | 2,981 | b 0 +2 |
| 3 | St. John's Bell | 2,039 | c 1 +1 | |||
| 4th | Anno bell | 1,564 | d 1 = 0 | |||
| 5 | Liborius bell | 903 | f 1 +3 | |||
| 6th | Christophorus Bell | 708 | g 1 +1 | |||
| 7th | Engelbert bell | 1987 | Petit & Edelbrock, Gescher | 603 | a 1 +3 | |
| 8th | Barbara's Bell | 1937 | 265 | c 2 -6 |
literature
- Karl Hengst : Westfälisches Klosterbuch , Part 1, Münster 1992, pp. 44–46.
- Theodor Arens, Stanislaus Kandula, Roman Mensing: Barock im Erzbistum Paderborn , Bonifatius Verlag Paderborn 2001, ISBN 978-3-89710-495-2 .
- Ursula Quednau (arrangement): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, North Rhine-Westphalia, Volume II: Westphalia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin and Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pastoral Association
- ↑ Flemming Krause and Meinolf Lüttecke: 2nd World War: 75 years ago the bombs fell on Attendorn. March 29, 2020, accessed on August 30, 2020 (German).
- ↑ Meinolf Lüttecke: Sauerland Cathedral has a new "eye-catcher". December 18, 2017, accessed on August 30, 2020 (German).
- ↑ Seating cracks on the Sauerland Cathedral in Attendorn clearly visible. February 27, 2020, accessed on August 30, 2020 (German).
- ↑ The ravages of time gnaw at the tower cross. May 20, 2009, accessed on August 30, 2020 (German).
- ↑ New place for the Blessed Mother. December 22, 2014, accessed on August 30, 2020 (German).
- ↑ Peter Plugge: New console for organ in the Sauerland Cathedral. November 25, 2013, accessed on August 30, 2020 (German).
- ↑ Video recording of the peal on YouTube
- ↑ Martina Köhler: Making bells weighing tons vibrate with a lot of feeling. December 23, 2016, accessed on August 30, 2020 (German).
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 35.5 ″ N , 7 ° 54 ′ 11.9 ″ E