St. Martin (Illnau-Effretikon)
The Church of St. Martin is the Roman Catholic parish church of Illnau-Effretikon in the Zurich Oberland . It is at Birchstrasse 20 . The parish belonging to it is responsible for the places Illnau-Effretikon, Brütten and Lindau .
history
History and naming
In the Middle Ages Effretikon was ecclesiastical after St. Martin in Illnau. Because of this medieval church, the current parish church was named after St. Martin of Tours . After the Reformation in Zurich from 1523, Catholic services were banned in what is now the canton of Zurich, which is why St. Martin's Church was used for Reformed services from then on. Only in 1807 was the Catholic rite permitted again in the canton of Zurich, but initially only in the city of Zurich. When the modern Confederation was founded in 1848, freedom of religion and freedom of residence was enshrined in the constitution , so that Catholic communities could be established throughout the Canton of Zurich. Due to the industrialization that created numerous jobs in the Kempttal , people from Catholic areas in Central Switzerland , Eastern Switzerland , but also from neighboring countries moved to the region. As early as 1813, 50 Catholics residing in the city of Winterthur appealed to the city fathers to be tolerant , but it was not until 1862, when the Rheinau monastery was abolished and the further use of its assets was legally regulated by the canton of Zurich, that the first was allowed in Winterthur Catholic worship has been taking place since the Reformation. The so-called First Zurich Church Law from 1863 recognized Zurich as well as the Catholic parishes in Winterthur, Rheinau and Dietikon (the last two were traditionally Catholic places), so that a Catholic parish could be established in Winterthur. In 1868, the newly built St. Peter and Paul Church was opened in the presence of representatives of the cantonal government, including state clerk and poet Gottfried Keller and the city council of Winterthur. However, the establishment of further parishes in the canton was not recognized by the state, which is why these had to be set up on the basis of private and association law, including the diaspora parish of St. Josef in Grafstal . The diaspora parish in Grafstal was located between the parishes of St. Peter and Paul Winterthur and Herz Jesu Zürich-Oerlikon, which already existed around 1900 . These two parishes determined the structure of the diaspora parish in Grafstal. The first Catholics who had moved to Kempttal because of the jobs were looked after from both parishes. In 1902, the parish Herz Jesu Zürich-Oerlikon bought a small building, in the basement of which catholic services were held for the first time since the Reformation in Grafstal. The diaspora parish of Grafstal was one of the largest in the canton of Zurich at the time of its establishment. In 1903 this service station was assigned to the parish of St. Peter and Paul Winterthur after the emergency chapel was assigned on August 31, 1903. Since the Maggi company employed many Catholic workers, in 1926 the company donated the land for the construction of today's St. Josef Church and rectory in Grafstal. On September 2, 1928, the Church of St. Joseph was designated. The diaspora parish was responsible for the Catholics of Lindau, Illnau-Effretikon and Brütten as well as other surrounding communities.
Development and construction history
As early as 1928, efforts were made to build a Catholic church in Effretikon. In 1934, building land for a church was acquired in Effretikon on today's Rebbuc k. When the Reformed parish was looking for a building site for a new Reformed church after the Second World War , the building land of the Catholics on the Rebbuck was repeatedly brought into play. It was believed that a Catholic church on the hill would not fit into the traditionally reformed Effretikon. For their part, the Catholics were aware that the development of the building site on the Rebbuck would drive up the costs for a Catholic church. The Catholic side was therefore ready to give the land on the Rebbuck to the Reformed parish if in return the latter provided suitable building land for a Catholic church. After negotiations and site inspections, the land swap took place on November 3, 1954. The Catholic Diocesan Cultural Association of Chur received the building land for the future Catholic church on Lindauerstrasse . In 1955 the St. Martin Church Foundation was established with the aim of building a Catholic church on the acquired building site in Effretikon. The architecture competition held in the following years was won by the architect Karl Higi , Zurich. However, since the financial means for the construction of this church were lacking, the construction of an emergency church with a parish apartment was preferred. This building should be designed in such a way that the emergency church could continue to be used as a parish hall after the actual church was built. This principle was also planned for the emergency church and the later church of St. Mauritius in Regensdorf . The same architect who built the Regensdorf emergency church was also hired to build the Effretikon emergency church, Richard Krieg from Regensdorf. Until the completion of the emergency church in Effretikon, the first services took place from May 14, 1958 in the hall of the Schlimpergschulhaus . The completed emergency church was put into use from 1962. It was appropriately equipped with loans and gifts. On December 22nd, 1963 Vicar General Alfred Teobaldi inaugurated the emergency church. As a result, the parish rights were transferred from Grafstal to Effretikon in 1964. After the Catholic Church in the Canton of Zurich was recognized under public law in 1963, church taxes could be collected. This meant that the actual parish church was also to be considered in Effretikon. On February 2, 1971, the planning commission for the construction of the parish church met for the first time. Architect Richard Krieg, who had already built the emergency church, was asked to write a project study with or without the emergency church. After further clarification, another architectural competition was announced in 1975. The architects Karl Higi (builder of the Ingenbohl Monastery , Church of All Saints Zurich-Neuaffoltern and Church of the Holy Spirit Zurich-Höngg ), Richard Krieg (builder of the St. Mauritius Church in Regensdorf and the emergency church in Effretikon), Walter Moser (architect of the Ilanz Monastery , the Church Maria Hilf Zurich-Leimbach and St. Niklaus Hombrechtikon ) as well as André M. Studer (builder of the churches St. Andreas Uster and St. Elisabet Kilchberg ) took part in the competition. In addition to the architects mentioned, the local architects Fuchs und Moos, Illnau also submitted a project. The jury gave the design by Karl Higi first place, the second place went to the design by Fuchs und Moos. After revising the two projects, the one from Fuchs and Moos was awarded the contract. On April 25, 1979, the parish assembly approved the detailed planning loan and set up a building commission. On September 24, 1980, the parish assembly approved the credit for the church building. The groundbreaking ceremony took place on August 9, 1981, and the foundation stone was laid on April 25, 1982 . On August 29, 1982, the bells were consecrated and raised in the tower. The building was completed by May 1983 and inaugurated on June 26, 1983 by the Bishop of Chur , Johannes Vonderach .
The parish of St. Martin, with its 5,691 members (as of 2017), is one of the larger Catholic parishes in the canton of Zurich. The former parish church of St. Josef in Grafstal, a district of Lindau, also belongs to the parish.
Building description
Exterior and church bells
The church, including the rectory and parish center, is located in the Effretikon district between Birchstrasse and Gestenrietstrasse in the immediate vicinity of the train station and shopping center. Since the site slopes to the east, the building ensemble is given a stately height, so that there is no need for a towering church tower. The bell chamber is located on the northern corner of the church and only towers above it by a few meters. The church can be reached practically at ground level from the higher Birchstrasse , while stairs from Gestenrietstrasse lead to the parish center and the church above. The rectory is located opposite the newly built church including the parish center. During the construction of the new church, the former emergency church was converted into a hall, which is located below the parish office. In order to ensure direct access to the old building from the new premises and from the church, the orientation of the former emergency church was rotated by 180 degrees.
The building commission decided in cooperation with the bell foundry H. Rüetschi , Aarau, to procure a four-part chime for the church, which will sound the beginning of the Salve Regina . The bell already from the emergency church with the strike tone c 'was integrated into the new bell. The three new bells were cast in Aarau on January 29, 1982. The patron saint of the Church, St. Martin, was the namesake of the largest bell, St. Joseph was chosen as the patron saint for the third bell in order to remember the origin of the parish from the former mission station Grafstal, which was dedicated to St. Joseph is consecrated. Wunibald as the patron saint of the builders gave the fourth bell its name.
| number | Weight | volume | dedication | inscription |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1120 kg | it | St. Martin | Benedicamus patrem per filium in spiritu sancto = Let us praise the Father through the Son in the Holy Spirit. |
| 2 | 630 kg | G | Maria | My service be done according to your word. |
| 3 | b | St. Joseph | God build your house with us. | |
| 4th | c | St. Wunibald |
Interior and artistic equipment
The interior of the church of St. Martin is characterized by the materials wood and stone. The wood gives the church building warmth and friendliness, while the stone conveys dignity. The lighting in the church lets the viewer's gaze wander upwards, towards the sky. The church has only a few windows at ground level that are fitted with stained glass . Most of the light falls through the concealed slits of light from above onto the sanctuary, the importance of which is emphasized by the lighting. Altar and ambo were designed as equal places in accordance with the specifications of the Second Vatican Council . The altar as the table of the meal is made of wood, the ambo as the table of the word rests on a concrete base and shows the relation of the ambo and the altar through a similar design language and through the use of the same material wood. The metalwork in the church comes from the Rapperswil goldsmith Hansjörg Domeisen, including the tabernacle , candle holder and lecture cross. The tabernacle is reminiscent in its shape to the traditional tabernacle . It is located on the left side of the altar wall and is made of Winterthur sandstone. The cover plates of the tabernacle are made of bronze and show the risen One on one side and Christ with the Emmaus disciples on the other . In the Catholic Church, the resurrection of Christ is considered a prerequisite for Jesus Christ to be really present in the consecrated bread in the celebrating church service. The depiction of the Emmaus disciples is a second reference to the Eucharistic celebration , for which the tabernacle is used as a place where the already consecrated bread is stored. What is also special about the tabernacle is that it is not opened by means of a two-part door, but when the tabernacle is opened the entire tabernacle cassette is pulled out and turned out as far as desired on a ball bearing. This construction prevents the two related reliefs of the tabernacle from being divided. The choir room is completed by a candle holder, a sculpture in the form of a thorn bush from which God once spoke to Moses. This candle holder has seven arms that refer to the holy number seven. The main bearer holds the Easter candle . By referring to the burning bush, the candle bearer wants to remind people that God leads people out of misery, as Yahweh promised Moses from the burning bush: "I have decided to lead you out of the misery of Egypt." The baptismal font is octagonal and reminds us of Christ as living water through flowing baptismal water (John 4). The apostle candles are grouped around the church interior. The glass windows that are embedded in the walls of the entire church were designed by Jost Blöchlinger. Since the project of this church was named “Feu” in the architectural competition, the element of fire is also found in the design of the church as a symbol of the closeness of God. The windows show the fire of the Old Testament Noah covenant and the New Testament fire of the Holy Spirit in an abstract form . A special feature is the stained glass window in the middle of the altar wall, which was designed in the form of a cross. The colors white, yellow and red illustrate the redemption of people through the power of the cross and the celebration of the sacraments . The sting of the cross is expressed in the cross “by the pointed, aggressive, red shape in the middle. This dissolves into Easter yellow up to the white of the brightest, pure light. Overcoming pain and death. ”In the church to the left and right of the altar, the revelation of God to Moses in the burning bush is shown on the right, and Noah's sacrifice after the flood on the left . A smaller prayer room is attached to the church. The two glass windows in this prayer room are titled “Light in Darkness” and “Fire of Heaven”. Jost Blöchlinger writes: "A star in a very free form donates its mild light into the dark from blue, blue-green and purple tones." In the second window, the sun can be seen as the center of the universe . The moon is shown below , above Saturn , Mars , Mercury , Venus and Jupiter . Jost Blöchlinger writes: "Together with the sun, these form the seven old planets of the astrological world exhibition." The last two glass windows are in the two confessional rooms. They are called “Breaking the Chain” and “The Dawning Light of Easter” and refer to the sacrament of Confession . At the exit from the church to the parish rooms there is a profane glass window, also created by Jost Blöchlinger.
organ
The mechanical organ dates from 1984 and has 18 stops on two manuals including a pedal. It was built by the Mathis company .
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
literature
- Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. Chur 1980.
- Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (Ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. Illnau-Effretikon 1984.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Liselotte Forster: 70 years as a Catholic in Bäretswil 1940-2010. Becoming and growing a diaspora parish in the Zurich Oberland. Bäretswil 2010, pp. 12-14.
- ^ Peter Niederhäuser and Flurina Pescatore: St. Peter and Paul. The mother church of Katholisch-Winterthur. Pp. 7-17.
- ↑ Inscription on the church in Grafstal.
- ↑ Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. P. 212.
- ↑ Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. P. 212.
- ↑ Inscription on the church in Grafstal.
- ^ Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. Pp. 11-25.
- ↑ Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. P. 203.
- ^ Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. Pp. 51-55
- ^ Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. Pp. 55-87.
- ↑ Catholic Church in the Canton of Zurich (Ed.): Annual Report 2017, p. 83.
- ^ Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. P. 72.
- ^ Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. P. 60.
- ^ Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. Pp. 63-64.
- ↑ Jost Blöchlinger, in: Katholische Kirchgemeinde Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. P. 118.
- ↑ Jost Blöchlinger, in: Katholische Kirchgemeinde Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. P. 116.
- ↑ Jost Blöchlinger, in: Katholische Kirchgemeinde Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. P. 116.
- ^ Catholic parish Illnau-Lindau (ed.): Parish of St. Martin Illnau-Effretikon. The new center church consecration 1938/1984. Pp. 98-99 and 111-118.
Coordinates: 47 ° 25 '44.04 " N , 8 ° 41' 0.84" O ; CH1903: 693925 / 253,867