St. Mauritius (Frankfurt)
.jpg) Aerial view from the south-east |
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| Basic data | |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| place | Frankfurt-Schwanheim , Germany |
| diocese | Diocese of Limburg |
| Patronage | St. Mauritius |
| Building history | |
| architect | Joseph Dormann |
| start of building | 1899 |
| Building description | |
| inauguration | September 22, 1901 |
| Architectural style | Neo-Gothic |
| 50 ° 5 '18 " N , 8 ° 34' 44" E | |
The neo-Gothic church of St. Mauritius is the Roman Catholic parish church in Frankfurt's Schwanheim district . It belongs to the parish of St. Jakobus, which is responsible for the districts of Schwanheim, Goldstein , Niederrad and Frankfurt Airport.
history
prehistory
Today's church building has three notarized, probably even four, forerunners. In the year 880 King Ludwig the Younger raised his Palatine Chapel St. Salvator (today's Frankfurt Cathedral ) to a collegiate monastery and furnished it with further churches. One of them is the Martinskirche im Feld in Sueinheim (former name of Schwanheim). With this early mention, the Schwanheim parish is one of the oldest in Frankfurt to survive the Reformation .
After a church dispute around 1557 with neighboring congregations that changed to Protestantism, the St. Mauritius branch chapel, which had already been expanded in 1410, was elevated to a parish church. As a result, the first church “St. Martin im Feld “without function and was used as a quarry during the 30 Years War . During the construction of the new village church, which was consecrated on October 26, 1687, “72 wagon stones” were taken from this ruin. The industrialization brought Schwanheim strong population growth and in 1862 it was decided a new building at the former edge of the village on the site of the former chapel Mauritius.
Today's church building
On September 22nd, 1901, the St. Mauritius Church, built in neo-Gothic style , was consecrated after exactly three years of construction. The architect of the hall church was the Wiesbaden Joseph Dormann, who died in 1905, a student of Max Meckel from Freiburg (known among other things for the renovation of the Frankfurt Roman ).
Erected in the traditional west-east orientation, the overall length is 47 m. The main nave is 16 m wide, the transept 25 m. The inner height of the arches reaches 16 m. St. Mauritius has 880 seats and 1500 standing places. The tower reaches a height of 75 m. Most of the handicrafts in St. Mauritius are made by sculptors from the community. The eye-catcher is the carved wood high altar , which was completed on June 10, 1906.
From a previous building - probably a Mauritius chapel at the same location - the cover plate buried in the ground with the Christ body of a late Gothic entombment group from the period shortly after 1400 with the two heads of surrounding figures of saints was discovered. The finds are the oldest stoneware in Schwanheim and have been in the church since 2008.
Furnishing
High altar
The high altar, designed by Franz Gastell , was completed on June 10, 1906. It is built to fit into the 16 meter high arch of the final window of the choir . In its shape it is reminiscent of a monstrance , which in the Catholic tradition is a display vessel for adoration and veneration of the body of Christ in the form of bread. On the occasion of the centenary of the church in September 2001, the high altar was extensively restored, in particular the original neo-Gothic color scheme was re-staged.
- High altar
inside out: The Virgin Mary, Catherine of Alexandria and St. George
Jesus
inside out: John the Baptist, Elisabeth of Thuringia and Saint Mauritius
The vertical central axis shows Jesus Christ in three forms: as the crucified, above as the glorified, framed by two child angels with scepter and orb, and above the tabernacle in the form of the Eucharist as a lamb. There are three figures of saints on each side of the cross. From the inside out, on the left, stands first Mary, followed by the Holy Virgin Catherine of Alexandria with wheel and sword, the attributes of her martyrdom. As the patroness of crops, she also reminds of the municipality's agricultural past. St. George follows her on the far left . To the right of the cross are the favorite disciple Johannes , followed by Elisabeth in regal regalia with a crown, saints and symbols of charity. On the right, as the shrine guardian, the church patron, Saint Mauritius , one hand on the lance, in the other the palm branch as a symbol of peace and a sign of his martyrdom.
These six life-size sculptures are covered by canopies, some of which are floating freely, with floral carvings. Two popular popular saints stand above St. Catherine on a richly profiled plinth with a bud cap , St. Anne with a reading Mary on her arm and opposite her, St. Anthony of Padua . The upper end of the altar is formed by an angel, holding a crown in his hands over the glorified Christ. The horizontal axis of the altar, the predella , symbolizes the foundation of theology with the sculptural carved symbols of the four evangelists: winged man ( Matthew ), lion ( Mark ), bull ( Luke ) and eagle ( John ).
organ
The organ was built in 1908 by Carl Horn . The design for the pipe case comes from Franz Gastell, handcrafted by Christof Gastell. The organ was built with 28 registers, expanded to 39 registers in 1986. A thorough restoration was carried out in 2011.
Bells
The first chime sounded in 1901 in the Salve Regina motif with the notes c, e, g and a. Three of the four bells fell victim to the First World War. They were renewed in 1924 and a large ao was added. In 1942 the bells had to be handed in again due to the war.
Today's six bells were cast by Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling in Heidelberg (in 1953, 1955 and 1956). They also represent an extended motif Salve Regina in the tones h0, d flat, f sharp, g sharp, b sharp and c sharp 2.
- St. Mauritius, 3,300 kg, Ø 1,718 mm, chime h0, "A reminder to the living, to the memory of the war victims "
- St. Antonius, 1,580 kg, Ø 1,355 mm, dis
- St. Maria Assumpta, 885 kg, Ø 1,125 mm, fis1
- St. Michael, 610 kg, Ø 995 mm, g # 1
- St. Joseph, 427 kg, Ø 871 mm, h1
- St. Katharina, 275 kg, Ø 745 mm, c sharp2, (rang from 1956 to 2001 in the nursing home)
Web links
- Saint James Congregation website
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse (ed.): St. Mauritius In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
- ↑ a b c Bernhard Stuck: Going forward on ever new paths: 1901-2001. 100 years St. Mauritius Church in Frankfurt am Main - Schwanheim . Henrich Verlag, Frankfurt 2001, ISBN 978-3-921606-42-1 , p. 190 .