Max Meckel
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Max Meckel (born November 28, 1847 in Dahlen ( Mönchengladbach ), † December 24, 1910 in Freiburg im Breisgau ; full name: Maximilian Emanuel Franz Meckel ) was a German architect .
origin
His parents were the Cologne notary Karl Anton Meckel (1808–1881) and his wife Johanna Catharina Führer (1816–1879). Two of his brothers became generals Wilhelm (1859–1935) and Jacob (1842–1906), his brother Ludwig (1860–1927) was a well-known hunting painter.
Life
Max Meckel completed an apprenticeship as a bricklayer and stonemason with the Cologne cathedral builder Vincenz Statz from 1865 to 1868 . In 1870 he passed his master craftsman examination in Cologne . From 1871 to 1873 he worked as assistant to master builder Franz Josef Denzinger on the reconstruction of the Kaiserdom in Frankfurt am Main, which burned down in 1867 . In 1874 he settled there as a freelance architect.
His most important task was the renovation and redesign of the facade of the Roman , the medieval town hall of Frankfurt. Meckel took part in a competition in 1889 and won with a pompous neo-Gothic design that aroused the enthusiasm of Kaiser Wilhelm II . For the Frankfurt city council, but especially for the mayor Franz Adickes appointed in 1890, the estimated construction costs were far too high. They therefore asked Meckel to work out a simpler draft, which he submitted in 1894. From 1896 to 1899 the Römer was renovated according to these designs. The sandstone balcony and the four statues of the emperors, which are placed in niches between the windows of the emperor's hall behind the facade, were created.
Meckel designed more than 50 churches, most of them in the neo-Gothic style. The large number of designs can be traced back to his activities as diocesan master builder for the Diocese of Limburg from 1887 to 1892, from 1892 as Archbishop's Building Inspector and from 1894 as Archbishop's Building Director of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . In 1900 he was released and opened an architecture office in Freiburg with his son Carl Anton Meckel (1875–1938). The two of them took part in many competitions with their designs, but only received a few larger commissions.
Meckel died in Freiburg in 1910 and was buried in a family grave in the Freiburg main cemetery. The painting comes from Joseph Dettlinger , who worked with him several times.
Max Meckel was the grandfather of the writer Eberhard Meckel and the great-grandfather of the writer and graphic artist Christoph Meckel .
Stephan Mattar was one of his well-known students .
style
During his apprenticeship at Statz, he was later influenced by the Gothic architecture .
“I couldn't like his altars, copies of old works, and always slightly inferior works, and so it happened to many people. However, this is irrelevant. What he did in terms of new buildings and Gothic restorations during his work in Baden will always remain exemplary. The churches in Karlsruhe, Lauterbach and Freiburg are masterpieces "
Buildings (selection)
Churches
- In 1874, Meckel drafted the plans for the Catholic parish church of St. Josef in Bornheim , the first new Catholic church in Frankfurt since the Reformation . Meckel oriented itself on the former Johanniterkirche in Frankfurt's old town , which was demolished in 1874 ; the church was consecrated in 1877 and expanded from 1893 to 1895 (by Meckel) and 1931.
- 1877 Completion of the Catholic parish church St. Peter and Paul in Kronberg im Taunus
- 1877 Completion of the catholic parish church St. Josef in Frankfurt-Bornheim with the demolished former Gothic Johanniterkirche in the old town of Frankfurt as a model, use of a number of spoils , including vault ribs , keystones and window tracery of the demolished church
- 1878–1879 New construction of the Catholic parish church St. Bonifatius in Lorchhausen
- 1882–1885 Evangelical parish church in Flonheim
- 1885 restoration of the church of St. Martin in Bingen
- 1885–1886 Construction of the Catholic parish church St. Bonifatius in Wirges (Westerwald)
- 1886–1888 Construction of the Catholic parish church St. Aegidius in Beselich-Obertiefenbach
- 1887–1889 Construction of the Catholic parish church of St. Cosmas and Damian in Gau-Algesheim
- 1889–1891 Construction of the Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Weimar
- 1890–1893 Construction of the Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Oberrad
- 1892 Design of the Catholic parish church of St. Bernhard in Karlsruhe , built 1896–1901
- In 1892 the plans for the Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Fechenheim were drawn up , built between 1895 and 1896
- 1892–1894 St. Pankratius in Kirn
- 1892–1897 Construction of the Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Freiburg im Breisgau
- 1893 to 1895 Extension of the old St. Josefs Church in Frankfurt-Bornheim with low additions on both sides of the main nave
- 1892–1906 Reconstruction of the Catholic parish church St. Marien in Gengenbach , the former abbey church of the Gengenbach monastery
- 1893–1894 Construction of the Catholic parish church of St. Bonifatius in Apolda
- 1893–1895 Construction of the Rochus Chapel in Bingen
- 1893–1895 construction of the Catholic Maria-Hilf Church in Wiesbaden
- 1893–1895 Construction of the Catholic parish church St. Josef in Hausen im Wiesental
- 1894–1895 Reconstruction of the Catholic parish church St. Bonifatius in Emmendingen , 1911–1913 expanded to include the tower and nave
- 1895 Expansion of the pilgrimage church of the Coronation of Mary in Lautenbach
- 1896–1899 Catholic parish church of St. Apostles in Viernheim
- 1897 Construction of the Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Eckenheim . Only the tower remains of this church, the nave was demolished in 1961 and replaced by a new building.
- 1898 Construction of the Jakobus Minster in Neustadt in the Black Forest begins .
- 1899–1901 Construction of the Catholic pilgrimage church on the Allerheiligenberg in Lahnstein-Niederlahnstein . Church building above the mouth of the Lahn, which was dedicated as a "Christian war memorial".
- 1902–1904 Construction of the Catholic garrison church St. Georg in Ulm
- 1907–1910 Construction of the Catholic Heiliggeistkirche in Basel (together with the Basel architect Gustav Doppler , completed in 1912)
Monuments and arts and crafts
- 1885/87: Tomb for Bishop Peter Joseph Blum in Limburg Cathedral
- 1887: Plaque for Bishops Jacob Brand and Johann Wilhelm Bausch ibid
- 1907/09: Monument to Nicolaus Copernicus in Frauenburg (together with Julius Seitz )
- 1910: Restoration of the market fountain in Rottenburg am Neckar
literature
- Werner Wolf-Holzäpfel : The architect Max Meckel 1847-1910. Studies on the architecture and church building of historicism in Germany . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2000, ISBN 3-933784-62-X .
Web links
- Max Meckel at the Southwest German Archive for Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Karlsruhe
- Meckel, Maximilian Emanuel Franz. Hessian biography. (As of February 14, 2020). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Meckel, Max in the Frankfurt personal lexicon
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Bernhard Vedral: Max Meckel 1847–1910, Carl Anton Meckel 1875–1938 . In: Peter Kalchthaler, Walter Preker: Freiburger Biographien , Promo, Freiburg im Breisgau 2002, ISBN 3-923288-33-6
- ^ Judith Wörner and Hans Jakob Wörner : Catholic parish church in Bonndorf, Waldshut district . In: Badische Heimat 1975, p. 141 ( digitized version ( memento from June 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive )).
- ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : 125 years of the parish church "St. Agidius" Obertiefenbach . In: Yearbook for the Limburg-Weilburg district 2013 . Limburg-Weilburg 2012, ISBN 3-927006-49-1 , p. 121-123 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Meckel, Max |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Meckel, Maximilian Emanuel Franz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 28, 1847 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rheindahlen near Mönchengladbach |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 24, 1910 |
| Place of death | Freiburg in Breisgau |