Frankfurt-Fechenheim

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Fechenheim coat of arms
Coat of arms of Frankfurt am Main
Fechenheim
35th district of Frankfurt am Main
Altstadt Bahnhofsviertel Bergen-Enkheim Berkersheim Bockenheim Bockenheim Bonames Bornheim Dornbusch Eckenheim Eschersheim Fechenheim Flughafen Frankfurter Berg Gallus Ginnheim Griesheim Gutleutviertel Harheim Hausen Heddernheim Höchst Innenstadt Kalbach-Riedberg Nied Nieder-Erlenbach Nieder-Eschbach Niederrad Niederursel Nordend-Ost Nordend-West Oberrad Ostend Praunheim Praunheim Preungesheim Riederwald Rödelheim Sachsenhausen-Nord Sachsenhausen-Süd Schwanheim Schwanheim Seckbach Sindlingen Sossenheim Unterliederbach Westend-Nord Westend-Süd Zeilsheimmap
About this picture
Coordinates 50 ° 7 ′ 18 ″  N , 8 ° 46 ′ 19 ″  E Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 18 ″  N , 8 ° 46 ′ 19 ″  E
surface 6.984 km²
Residents 18,111 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 2593 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 60386
prefix 069
Website www.frankfurt.de
structure
District 11 - east
Townships
  • 51 0 - Fechenheim-North
  • 52 0 - Fechenheim-Süd
Transport links
Regional train 54 58
tram 11 12
bus 41 44 551 n62 n63
Source: Statistics currently 03/2020. Residents with main residence in Frankfurt am Main. Retrieved April 8, 2020 .

Fechenheim has been a district of Frankfurt am Main since April 1, 1928 .

Originally the place was a small fishing village in the Mainbogen , which was incorporated into Frankfurt in 1928. In addition to the village center in the south, large parts of the north-west are characterized by industrial plants and commercial areas .

The population is 000000000018111.000000000018,111.

Geographical location

Fechenheim is 105 m above sea ​​level , approx. 5 km east of the Hauptwache and north of the Main. The district borders in the north on Frankfurt-Bergen-Enkheim , in the west on the Riederwald and the Ostend , on the other, southern bank of the Main, Offenbach am Main and Offenbach-Bürgel in the east.

history

middle Ages

The oldest surviving, reliable mention comes from the year 977. A mention of the village as "Uechenheim" from the year 881 is doubtful.

After various previous owners, the village was in the hands of the von Speyer and Weiß families in 1412. In 1473 and 1484, Count Philipp I von Hanau-Münzenberg acquired the village from them and in 1484 was also enfeoffed by the king with the local court. In the county of Hanau, Fechenheim belonged to the Bornheimerberg district .

The patronage of the local church belonged to the Bartholomäusstift in Frankfurt.

Historical forms of names

Fechenheim from the tower of the Melanchthon Church
The garden pool on Konstanzer Strasse
  • Uechenheim (881)
  • Uuechenheim (977)
  • Vechenheim (1177-1189)
  • Vechenheim (1236)
  • Vechenheim (1242)
  • Vechinheim (1257)

Modern times

In the middle of the 16th century, the Reformation took hold in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg, initially in its Lutheran form. In a "second Reformation", the denomination of the County of Hanau-Munzenberg was changed again: From 1597 Count Philipp Ludwig II pursued a decidedly reformed church policy. He made use of Jus reformandi , his right as sovereign to determine the denomination of his subjects, and made this largely binding for the county. Since the Roman Catholic Bartholomäusstift refused to appoint a Protestant pastor, the guardianship governing the underage Count Philip Ludwig I of Hanau-Münzenberg occupied the right to appoint the pastor and united Fechenheim ecclesiastically with Rumpenheim, which is also from Hanau .

After the change to the Lutheran Count House of Hanau-Lichtenberg in 1642, Lutheran parishes were formed again in many places in the County of Hanau-Münzenberg. The one in Fechenheim received its own pastor in 1672, who also looked after the Lutheran congregation in Bergen . As a result, the Reformed parish of Rumpenheim was detached in 1719 and its own parish was set up.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , In 1736, Landgrave Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel inherited the county of Hanau-Münzenberg and thus also Fechenheim on the basis of a contract of inheritance from 1643. Since then the place has belonged to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , Amt Bergen (formerly Bornheimerberg).

In 1765 the Hanauer Landstrasse was expanded as an important traffic route between Frankfurt and Hanau , and the first inns “Zur Mainkur ” opened here at the end of the 18th century .

Hessen-Kassel was raised to the status of the Electorate of Hesse in 1803 and did not join the Napoleonic Confederation of the Rhine Confederation . Therefore, the Hessian Principality of Hanau with Fechenheim was placed under French military administration from 1806 and then from 1810 to 1813 belonged to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . It then fell back to the Electorate of Hesse, restored at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 . A fundamental administrative reform took place here in 1821: The Bergen office was added to the newly formed Hanau district. After the war of 1866 , Kurhessen was on the losing side and was annexed by Prussia together with Frankfurt . Here it now belonged to the Wiesbaden administrative district of the Hesse-Nassau province .

Cylindrical water tower from 1899, in the Fechenheim forest with two-tone brick masonry; The original water tank has been removed.

It was connected to the Frankfurt-Hanau Railway as early as 1848 . The station did not receive the place name in its name, but was called "Mainkur" because it was located roughly in the middle between Enkheim and Fechenheim due to the settlement structure at that time. From the middle of the 19th century, industrial companies settled to the left and right of Hanauer Landstrasse , including Cassella Farbwerke , which was founded here in 1870 by Leo Gans and started operations with 15 workers . In the decades that followed, the company became the largest employer in the town and - after incorporation - also in the city of Frankfurt.

20th century

When, after the First World War, the Frankfurt Osthafen was expanded and reached the eastern Frankfurt city limits, the city started talks about incorporation . The Mayor of Fechenheim Adolf Miersch (* 1887, † 1955) and the Mayor of Frankfurt Ludwig Landmann signed the incorporation agreement on December 17, 1926. Fechenheim, with 10,000 inhabitants and 711 hectares in size, then became the easternmost district of Frankfurt on April 1, 1928. This was a heavy loss for the Hanau district, as Fechenheim generated a significant portion of the district's trade tax .

The indoor garden pool in Fechenheim was designed in 1927 by the architect and university professor Martin Elsaesser . It was a gift to make the decision to incorporate to Frankfurt more interesting for the then still independent place. The indoor swimming pool was a revolutionary innovation at the time . The operation of the former municipal indoor garden pool in Fechenheim with the associated sauna was taken over in 2003 by the Bornheim gymnastics community . The sauna area was supplemented by the TG Bornheim in 2009 with a log cabin sauna.

Population development

The number of residents of Fechenheim grew most strongly with the settlement of industrial companies between 1850 and 1950; at the time of incorporation in 1928 it exceeded the 10,000-inhabitant mark. After the Second World War , population growth slowed, and it was also declining at times.

Fechenheim-North
  • 1632: 46 households
  • 1753: 105 households (together 527 people)
  • 1834: 1228 inhabitants
  • 1840: 1257 inhabitants
  • 1846: 1359 inhabitants
  • 1852: 1463 inhabitants
  • 1858: 1486 inhabitants
  • 1864: 1672 inhabitants
  • 1871: 2027 inhabitants
  • 1875: 2273 inhabitants
  • 1885: 2635 inhabitants
  • 1895: 4359 inhabitants
  • 1905: 7645 inhabitants
  • 1910: 8524 inhabitants
  • 1925: 9623 inhabitants
  • 1950: 12,000 inhabitants
  • 1963: 14,000 inhabitants
  • 1972: 17,331 inhabitants
  • 2001: 15,254 inhabitants
  • 2006: 15,969 inhabitants

Churches and religion

In 977 at the latest there was a church belonging to the St. Bartholomew Monastery in Frankfurt, and in 1257 a chapel with the patronage of the apostles Philip and James . Around 1395 there was a separate parish. The church patronage originally belonged to St. Bartholomew's monastery. Central church authorities were the archdeaconate of the provost of St. Bartholomew in Frankfurt.

In the middle of the 16th century, the Reformation took hold in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg, initially in its Lutheran form. In a "second Reformation", the denomination of the County of Hanau-Munzenberg was changed again: From 1597 Count Philipp Ludwig II pursued a decidedly reformed church policy. He made use of his Jus reformandi , his right as sovereign to determine the denomination of his subjects, and made this largely binding for the county.

That of the Evangelical Melanchthon Church dates from 1772, the Roman Catholic Sacred Heart Church from 1895/1896. There is also a New Apostolic congregation as well as a mosque and a Buddhist temple . The Fechenheim cemetery was laid out in 1845.

traffic

Terminus Schießhüttenstraße tram 11, 2007
Mainkur station, reception building, 2007
Hanauer Landstrasse towards the city center near Cassellastrasse, 2006

Tram lines 11 and 12

The extension of the tram to Fechenheim began after the incorporation in October 1928. Today the lines 11 and 12 of the Frankfurt tram serve the district . Line 12 goes to the industrial area, while line 11 continues in the residential area Alt-Fechenheim to the final stop Schießhüttenstraße.

Mainkur train station

Fechenheim is connected to the regional train network via the Frankfurt-Mainkur train station. The station is on the Frankfurt – Hanau railway line . During the construction of the Nordmainische S-Bahn , it is to be replaced by a new Frankfurt-Fechenheim stop , about one kilometer west of today's train station.

Hanauer Landstrasse

The Hanauer Landstrasse connects Fechenheim with the city ​​center via the Ostend and separates the district into the two city districts of Fechenheim-Nord and Fechenheim-Süd. Fechenheim is connected to the federal highway 66 (direction Hanau and Fulda ) and to the federal highway 661 ( Egelsbach - Oberursel (Taunus) ). Hanauer Landstrasse is also the “busiest” street in the east of Frankfurt.

East port

Frankfurter Osthafen, whose eastern edge area (from the bank of the Oberhafen II basin ) belongs to Fechenheim, provides the connection to inland shipping .

economy

Neckermann headquarters, 2005

Numerous commercial enterprises line up along Hanauer Landstrasse: In addition to large companies such as AllessaChemie GmbH , meat ( Norddeutsche Fleischzentrale GmbH ) and baked goods ( Glockenbrot Bäckerei GmbH ) are produced on a large scale . In the numerous car dealerships alone , around 400 million euros are generated annually . The largest car wash in Europe and the DB Schenker freight forwarder are also located on Hanauer Landstrasse .

Attractions

The historic town hall and the two churches are the landmarks of the district.

schools

Green spaces

Fechenheimer Mainufer

Fechenheimer Mainufer, 2010

The Fechenheimer Ufer and the Mainbogen begin east of the Mainkur on the city limits to Maintal-Bischofsheim. Immediately after the left curve of the Main there is the AllessaChemie landing stage on the right . Also there begins a poplar avenue that extends almost to the east port. At the level of the “Fechenheim Post” tram stop, the Arthur-von-Weinberg-Steg connects the district for pedestrians and cyclists with the Offenbach district of Bürgel. There is also a landing stage for the excursion boats to Rüdesheim and Aschaffenburg . Further south, opposite the Offenbach city center, the Carl-Ulrich-Brücke connects the district with Offenbach. The Fechenheimer Mainbogen is part of the Frankfurt green belt , which is designated as a landscape protection area. In the past few days, the riverside path served as a towpath .

Fechenheim Forest

The Fechenheimer Wald north of the district is also part of the green belt. It consists mainly of old oaks , hornbeams and Douglas firs , which stand on the sandy deposits of the old river bed. Around 1870, the Fechenheimer Weiher was created in the forest from a former gravel pit , which was expanded in the 1960s to its current size of 2.6  hectares , and in 1969 the 8.62 hectare forest play park "Heinrich-Kraft-Park" was established . The Fechenheimer Wald is separated from the Enkheimer Wald by the Bundesautobahn 66. Since there is a waterworks there for the supply of drinking water to the eastern districts of Frankfurt, the entire area of ​​the adjacent Fechenheim Forest is designated as a drinking water protection area.

societies

  • Fechenheim volunteer fire department
  • German Scouts Saint Georg (DPSG) Normans, Fechenheim
  • TSG Fechenheim
  • TG Bornheim
  • SpVgg Fechenheim 03
  • Black 11
  • Shirt clubs

literature

  • Max Aschkewitz: Pastor history of the Hanau district ("Hanauer Union") until 1986, part 1 = publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 33. Marburg 1984, p. 127f.
  • Hans-Jürgen Becker: The court Bornheimer Berg . In: Tradition, Preservation and Design in Legal History Research. 1993, pp. 1-21.
  • Wolf Erich Kellner: The Reichsstift St. Bartholomäus in Frankfurt am Main in the late Middle Ages = Studies on Frankfurt History 1 (1962), p. 23.
  • HO Keunecke: Die Münzenberger = sources and research on Hessian history 35 (1978), pp. 285–286.
  • Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area = writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16. 1937. (Reprint: 1984), p. 94.
  • Anette Löffler: The Lords and Counts of Falkenstein (Taunus): Studies on territorial and property history, on imperial political position and on the genealogy of a leading ministerial family; 1255-1418. = Sources and research on Hessian history 99. Vol. 1. Darmstadt 1994, ISBN 3-88443-188-9 , p. 275.
  • Heinrich Reimer: Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen . Marburg 1926, p. 136.
  • Heinz Schomann u. a .: Monument topography city of Frankfurt am Main . Braunschweig 1986, pp. 502-513.
  • Fred Schwind : The "Grafschaft" Bornheimer Berg and the royal people of the Frankfurt Treasury. In: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte. 14, pp. 1-21 (1964).

Web links

Commons : Frankfurt-Fechenheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Aschkewitz, p. 127.
  2. ↑ Aschkewitz, p. 127.
  3. ↑ Magistrate of the City of Frankfurt am Main, Environment Office (ed.): City waters - lakes, ponds, ponds . Therein: Chapter Fechenheimer Weiher, p. 23. Frankfurt am Main, 2003