Frankfurt East Harbor
| Frankfurt East Harbor | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Data | |||
| opening | 1912 | ||
| Geographic information | |||
| place | Frankfurt am Main | ||
| country | Hesse | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
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| Coordinates | 50 ° 6 '31 " N , 8 ° 42' 48" E | ||
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The Osthafen Frankfurt , located on the north, right bank of the Main , in Frankfurt 's Ostend district, is a transshipment point for bulk and general cargo . The port, built from 1908 and opened by Mayor Franz Adickes on May 23, 1912 , has a total of four basins and its own port railway .
location
The port area extends on the north bank of the Main for about four kilometers between Carl-Ulrich-Brücke in the district of Fechenheim and Deutschherrnbrücke . The older, downstream, Unterhafen (Osthafen I) with north and south basins is located between Honsellbrücke and Kaiserleibrücke , opposite the Offenbach district of Kaiserlei with the Offenbach barrage and the Frankfurt districts of Oberrad and Sachsenhausen. Due to the First World War and the subsequent inflation , the port facilities were not completed until 1925.
To the east of it, above the Offenbach barrage between Kaiserleibrücke and Carl-Ulrich-Brücke, construction of the upper port (Osthafen II) began in 1928 . However, construction was interrupted in 1929 by the Great Depression and the Second World War that followed. Therefore, this part could only be completed in 1958. It also consists of two basins (O1 and O2). A third harbor basin between Uhlfelderstrasse and Robert-Bosch-Strasse, which was originally planned and still featured on older city maps, was never built. This part is located opposite the Offenbach harbor .
The Unterhafen is connected to the general road network on its west side by three bridges and on its east side by Intzestraße: the Honsell Bridge over the harbor entrance and the Schmick Bridge over the southern basin form the connection to the north, and the Osthafenbrücke , which went into operation in 2013, to the south.
The Osthafen project
port
Planning for the east port began shortly after the west port was built at the end of the 19th century. Even then it was clear that the capacities of this port east of the Main-Neckar bridge would not meet the requirements of the growing economy.
The project for a new port in Fischerfeld was dependent on the approval of the Royal Railway Administration , which involved extensive construction work to relocate the Hanau station to the Ostbahnhof , to expand the municipal connecting line and to build the Deutschherrnbrücke to Sachsenhausen .
At the same time as planning the port, the city of Frankfurt carried out alignment planning in the area of Hanauer Landstrasse , which has always been the main thoroughfare from Frankfurt to the east. It should become the main distribution route for the port area and have the required width of 30 meters. While in 1906 the final route of the Hanauer Landstrasse was fixed, the planning of the port expansion was still in constant change. The largest and cheapest possible area should be available for the settlement of factories. First of all, the Frankfurter Gasgesellschaft built the East Gasworks planned by Peter Behrens in 1910 as one of the first factories in the East Harbor on parts of the old raft harbor in Fischerfeld, which was completely abandoned . Then areas north of the Frankfurt – Hanau railway line on the Seckbacher district were cleared by the municipal authorities for industrial settlement.
Living room
Another important problem in the course of the port planning was the procurement of living space for the workers, employees and their families employed in the new industrial areas. The general development plan of 1909/1910 identified undeveloped areas east of the previous urban area as a residential area. The land immediately to the north of the Riederwald was given a long lease to non-profit organizations and intended for development with workers' houses. It should develop into the stronghold of the Frankfurt Social Democrats . Parallel to the Bornheimer Hang , the Ostpark with a pond and sports areas was planned as a local recreation area. Even before the port was opened, the first factories and shops were populating the newly laid out Hanauer Landstrasse and Schwedlerstrasse. Behind representative facades on the street side there were usually inner courtyards with production and storage halls. After three years of construction work, the first section of the east port was officially inaugurated on May 23, 1912 by Kaiser Wilhelm II .
meaning
With the Osthafen project, the city of Frankfurt had implemented a project that far surpassed all that had been carried out to date and all of those that followed. This project of the century comprised an area in the newly planned Ostend that corresponded to the area of the entire Frankfurt city area (excluding Sachsenhausen) at the end of the 19th century. It was a tremendous effort in the peacetime of the early years that Frankfurt transformed from a trading city to an industrial city. In 1914 and 1915, two mills were the first to be built in the new east port area. The Hildebrand mills of Kampffmeyer Mühlen processed approx. 150,000 tons of grain into flour , semolina , grist and bran in 2010 . The First World War dampened the lofty plans. Nonetheless, it was possible to lay the foundation for continuous industrial development for an entire century. Ernst May installed the panel factory for industrialized building at the Osthafen with the aim of accelerating the New Frankfurt project .
Its importance for transportation made the Osthafen a major target for air raids during World War II . Most of the facilities were destroyed between 1940 and 1945. Due to their importance for supplying the population, especially with coal and other fuels, the reconstruction of the east and west ports began immediately after the end of the war. Even if inland shipping plays a comparatively minor role in today's transport infrastructure , the Osthafen has become more important again for the city, especially since the gradual conversion of the Westhafen into an office and residential area in the 1990s. In 1997, the city developed the Port 2000+ implementation concept , with which the conceptual and structural development of the Eastern Port was ensured until 2025. On December 12, 2013, the city council decided to secure the eastern harbor within the current limits beyond 2050 in order to enable long-term lease agreements and investment projects to be concluded.
Traditionally, bulk goods such as oil, coal, grain, scrap and chemicals are handled in the Frankfurt ports. In recent years, the loading of containers (the container terminal in the east port went into operation in 1984) has increased significantly. The urban port railway transports the goods (2017: 728,609 tonnes with three of the port's own locomotives) within the port area or to the Frankfurt (Main) -Osthafen port station, whose tracks are directly connected to those of the marshalling yard of the Frankfurt Ostbahnhof and thus the connection to the German rail network Railway guaranteed. Containers are transported to and from the Osthafen by road via the Hanauer Landstrasse, which runs parallel to the Main, and the nearby connection to the A 661 .
Until the end of 2010, the fireboat and area guard 40 of the professional fire brigade were in the east port . As a result of the construction work on the new Main Bridge for the ECB, the guard (No. 42) and the fireboat moved to Niederrad, Schwanheimer Strasse 140.
Pier head
According to the original plans of the civil engineering office from 1907, a tower was to be built on the western end of the southern port tongue. In 1910 a major architectural competition was held, in which only architects based in Frankfurt am Main were allowed to participate. From the 47 participants in the competition, Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Leonhardt emerged as the winner. The project was not carried out, presumably because of the First World War, although the funds for detailed planning and construction were approved by the city. Leonhardt fell on the Western Front in 1918.
Osthafenbrunnen
In 1912 the symmetrical Osthafen fountain was built in the center of the Osthafenplatz, presumably by the Frankfurt sculptor Johann Joseph Belz , in the traditional form of a "horse trough". There are cattle troughs on both sides of the well. The fountain lost its function with the motorization and is now drained. The fountain is adorned with neoclassical mascaron and nereid reliefs.
exhibition
- Frankfurt ahoy! 100 years of Osthafen 1912–2012. at the Institute for Urban History until August 12, 2012.
See also
Web links
- HFM Hafen Frankfurt management company
- About the reconstruction of the Frankfurt port operations in the post-war period ( Memento from September 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- Memorandum on the construction of a new commercial and industrial port in the east of the city of Frankfurt AM, edited by the municipal civil engineering office, Schirmer & Mahlau, 1907.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Grain from the region, flour for the region. In: FAZ . October 7, 2010, p. 39.
- ↑ Securing the Osthafen 2050+ , municipal submission M204 dated November 1, 2013
- ↑ Railway logistics service accessed on February 4, 2019
- ↑ Lighthouse in Sight in FAZ of October 23, 2017, page 31
- ↑ Osthafenbrunnen. on: kunst-im-oefflichen-raum-frankfurt.de
- ↑ The heart of the industrial city. In: FAZ . May 24, 2012, p. 37.