Frankfurt-Riederwald

Riederwald 33rd district of Frankfurt am Main
Coordinates	50 ° 7 ′ 48 ″  N , 8 ° 44 ′ 1 ″  E Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 48 ″  N , 8 ° 44 ′ 1 ″  E
surface	1.074 km²
Residents	5015 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	4669 inhabitants / km²
Post Code	60386
prefix	069
Website	www.frankfurt.de
structure
District	11 - east
Townships	26 2 - Riederwald
Transport links
Highway
Subway	U4 U7
bus	44 41 n5
Source: Statistics currently 03/2020. Residents with main residence in Frankfurt am Main. Retrieved April 8, 2020 .

Riederwald is a district of Frankfurt am Main that was founded in 1910 as a workers' settlement .

The population is 5,015.

The district is particularly characterized by its settlement architecture, which was created between 1910 and 1928 and has largely remained unchanged to this day. On its northern side, near the border with Seckbach , lies the Riederbruch wetland.

location

Since the Riederwald is the only residential area in the middle of green belts and industrial areas, many areas that actually belong to Fechenheim and above all to Seckbach are informally counted as part of the district. Including the depot east and all sports facilities around the Riederwaldstadion as training ground for Eintracht Frankfurt including the Eintracht office, the Pestalozzi school, the residential area around Vatterstrasse in the north, the industrial area of ​​the Seckbacher Niederung, the storage building of the Institute for Urban History and the parking garage in Borsigallee, all in the Seckbacher district. In the south, the industrial area of Fechenheim borders the district with the Frankfurt Osthafen . To the west, across the A 661 motorway, is the Ostpark . To the north-west is the Bornheim district with the fairground on Ratsweg, where the ice rink is also located.

history

Gatehouse Schäfflestrasse

Riederhof 1880

Home of the social democrat and member of the Reichstag, Johanna Tesch (left half)

Riederwaldsiedlung

year	Houses	Apartments	Residents
1911	53	132	528
1912	57	138	552
1913	95	195	772
1914	141	364	1456
1915	180	482	1928
1916	243	632	2490
1917	243	632	2392
1918	243	632	2304
1919	243	632	2336
1920	347	1034	3515
1921	413	1150	3910
1922	439	1264	4300
1923	453	1334	4545
1924	453	1334	4688
1925	462	1375	5482
1926	530	1612	6575
1927	688	1622	7690
1928	694	1838	7994
1929	694	1838	7792
1930	694	1838	7643
1931	694	1838	7499
1932	700	1898	7551
1933	707	1932	7533
1934	715	1948	7360
1935	718	1954	7326
1936	718	1954	7352

Ried means swampy alluvial land. The Alt- Main had formed numerous river arms here between the raging slopes Röderberg, Buchhang, Seckbacher, Berger and Bornheimer Hang , which became marshy after the last ice age . An alluvial forest was formed, which the Franks cleared for the most part in the fifth and sixth centuries. In 1869 some graves from Roman times were found, possibly belonging to a Roman estate.

The first mention of a farm in Riedern curtis in Riederin dates from 1193. It was first royal property, then it was owned by monasteries. In the 13th century the goods in front of the Riederwald and the Riederhöfe came into the possession of Frankfurt patricians . The Riederhöfe were in the following period to military courts of Frankfurt fixing expanded. There was a control room on the Riederhof that monitored Hanauer Landstrasse and the adjacent Hanau area.

The frequently flaring up dispute between the Frankfurters and the Hanau counts was counteracted with the separation of Bornheim from the Bornheimerberg county and the inclusion of the Bornheimer Landwehr in the Frankfurt defense system. Hanau claimed the lands beyond the Landwehr until the Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel renounced them in 1785 .

In 1847 the construction of the railway line to Hanau began, it cuts through the former fields of the Riederhöfe. In the east of the Riederwald, a groundwater pumping system for the water supply of the city of Frankfurt am Main was built in 1864 on the initiative of Dr. Otto Volger (see also Volgersbrunnenweg ), the founder of the Free German Hochstift , and thus sustainably lowered the groundwater level.

The Riederwald settlement was built between 1909 and 1912 by the Volks-Bau- und Sparverein Frankfurt am Main (VBS) cooperative as a workers' settlement, at the same time as the eastern port was built. While the buildings were initially designed in the style of the home country at the time , a significant expansion was included in Ernst May 's construction plans in 1926/1927 . This district was supposed to become part of a - but never realized - large housing estate from Bornheimer Hang to Riederwald.

At the beginning, Riederwald was definitely “red”. Both the SPD and later the KPD had strong strongholds here in the Weimar Republic. During the National Socialist period, residents actively resisted the Nazis, including Johanna Tesch , Otto Dinges and Karl Wassmann .

Initially there were no churches of their own and services were held in barracks (later schools). In the 1920s, the Protestant and Catholic Churches were deliberately planned within sight of each other: ecumenism was lived here from the beginning and was also evident in the resistance against the Third Reich. Martin Weber's Catholic Church of the Holy Spirit was one of the first steel- framed churches in Germany , along with the Church of the Holy Cross in Bornheim, and was completed in 1931. The Protestant church on the edge of the forest emerged from the Riederwaldkirche, built in 1928, which was destroyed in the air raids on Frankfurt am Main in the Second World War and was rebuilt in 1962 by Werner W. Neumann as the Philippuskirche.

Due to the severe destruction in the adjacent industrial and port areas, the residents resorted to self-help. From 1949, the Frankfurt stock building company for small apartments began with the reconstruction, which was completed by 1955. In some cases, the local authority resorted to May's plans, and in some cases new buildings were built in the so-called “AG part”. While May still designed many of the buildings as single or two-family houses, these were often converted into smaller units in the following decades in order to be able to realize more affordable rents.

The construction of the A 661 influenced the settlement, since since then the traffic along the settlement as well as the noise and exhaust emissions have increased steadily. In recent years there have been conflicts between residents and the DDPS. The cooperative initially planned the demolition of old houses and the construction of larger units. Residents and monument conservationists called for the renovation of the old buildings, which has since begun.

Cityscape

Holy Spirit Church

Crossing and underground station Schäfflestrasse

Schäfflestrasse

Particularly noticeable is the Engelsplatz, which May intended as an anchor in the old buildings and which represents the end of Lasallestrasse. In contrast to the other Riederwald buildings, one can still find one-sided sloping roofs with striking chimneys running in opposite directions. Equally remarkable is the fact that on Engelsplatz the public street space is inside the square, but the private gardens and green spaces are on the outside. A special feature is the passage to Lasallestrasse, which is formed by gate-like concrete slabs that slope like the pent roofs.

politics

In the 2017 federal election , the district was one of the four districts in which the SPD was able to achieve a relative majority of second votes. The SPD received 29.6% of the second vote and was thus well ahead of Die Linke , which was just ahead of the CDU (17.5%) with 18.8% . The AfD followed with 13.1%, Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen with 9.7% and the FDP with 5.5%.

In the 2018 mayoral election , the incumbent Peter Feldmann ( SPD ) achieved his best result in the runoff election with 83.6% of the votes in Riederwald, while his opponent Bernadette Weyland ( CDU ) achieved her worst result there with 16.4% of the votes .

In the election for the Frankfurt city council in 2016 , the SPD was ahead of the AfD (13.6%), the party Die Linke (13.4%) and the CDU (12.6%) with 30.2% of the votes Greens (6.5%) and the FDP (3.9%) strongest force.

traffic

Riederwald is connected to the U7 line through the Johanna-Tesch-Platz and Schäfflestrasse stops and to the U4 line of the Frankfurt subway network through the Schäfflestrasse stop .

At Ratsweg there is a slip road on the A 661 in the direction of Oberursel. Long-term plans envisage closing the gap between the A 66 and A 661 motorways through a tunnel in the north of the Riederwald. Some residents hope this will relieve the traffic on the Am Erlenbruch street, which is often congested.

Street names

School development

	Riederwald School		Pestalozzi School
year	student	Classes	student	Classes
1913	62	1	-	-
1914	104	2	-	-
1915	166	3	-	-
1916	201	4th	-	-
1917	256	5	-	-
1918	307	7th	-	-
1919	348	9	-	-
1920	522	13	-	-
1921	628	17th	-	-
1922	624	18th	-	-
1923	669	17th	-	-
1924	706	18th	-	-
1925	728	21st	-	-
1926	781	23	-	-
1927	1066	28	-	-
1928	538	16	562	16
1929	625	19th	576	15th
1930	609	19th	623	17th
1931	593	17th	651	17th
1932	628	17th	613	14th
1933	622	16	586	13
1934	572	15th	520	12
1935	540	13	452	11
1936	492	12	449	10

Almost all streets in Riederwald were named after economists. In the oldest part of the settlement developed by cooperatives, pioneers of the cooperative movement were honored ( Raiffeisen- , Schulze-Delitzsch- , Dunckerstraße ). In the eastern part of the district, in which the municipal housing company AGB mainly built, names after economists and economists dominate ( Karl-Marx- , Lassalle- , Thünenstraße ).

All streets initially bore names of men. The name Johanna-Tesch-Platz (formerly Schulze-Delitzsch-Platz), which was subsequently introduced , now also honors a woman. Johanna Tesch from Frankfurt founded a union for domestic workers, was a member of the Weimar Republic's constituent assembly for the SPD in 1919 and was also elected to the first Reichstag. On her house in the Riederwald district (today's address: Am alten Volkshaus 1) there is a memorial plaque that commemorated her deportation by the Nazis to the Ravensbrück concentration camp , where she died in 1945.

On November 4, 2019, two small, previously unnamed squares were named after two other women: the social politician Marie Juchacz and Cäcilie Breckheimer, who was deported to the Riederwald concentration camp by the Nazis.

Under National Socialism, those streets that were named after Jews, Social Democrats or Socialists were given new names. In 1935 Max-Hirsch-Strasse (named after the Jew Max Hirsch , a social-liberal trade union pioneer) became " Tilsiter Strasse". The Nazis underlined their "Greater German sentiment" by renaming Karl-Marx-Strasse as Brombergstrasse and Engelsplatz as Memelplatz . (These two cities were outside the then imperial border in Poland and Lithuania.) In 1945 the renaming was reversed.

education

The rapid growth of the Riederwaldsiedlung also had an impact on school operations. The first lessons at the Riederwald School took place in barracks on Johanna-Tesch-Platz and later also in Schäfflestrasse. The situation only improved when a new school was opened in Seckbach in 1928 on the very edge of the residential area. Today's Pestalozzi School ( Konrad Haenisch School until 1933 ) was designed by Martin Elsaesser as a social-democratic mass school, which indeed reflects many reform ideas of the time in its facilities - gymnasium and swimming pool, practice rooms for manual and artistic activities, cafeteria, apartments in the building - , unlike the pavilion schools that were built at the same time, the floor plan of the expressionist building tends to follow established school ideas of the time. The Riederwald School later merged with the Pestalozzi School.

The Riederwald in literature and film

In the novel The Seventh Cross by Anna Seghers who escaped from the concentration camp protagonist Georg Heisler is temporarily hidden in Riederwald.

From the Frankfurt crime scene , the episode The Dead in the Night Train was partly filmed on Görresstrasse in the AG part of the settlement, the episode Weapon Sisters partly in the VBS part.

On September 28 and 29, 2013, the shooting of the feature film Im Labyrinth des Schweigens took place in Roscherstraße .

literature

• Helen Barr, Ulrike May: The New Frankfurt; Walks through the Ernst May settlements and the architecture of his time , B3 Frankfurt / Main, 2007 pp. 75–86 ISBN 978-3-938783-20-7
• DW Dreysse: May settlements. Architectural guide through eight settlements in the new Frankfurt 1926–1930 , Fricke Frankfurt / Main 1987 ISBN 3-88184-092-3

Web links

Commons : Frankfurt-Riederwald  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Frankfurt-Riederwald at par.frankfurt.de , the former website of the city of Frankfurt am Main
• My district - my home on YouTube

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Paul Quanz (Ed.): 25 years Riederwaldkolonie , Frankfurt / M. 1936, p. 55
2. ↑ Magistrate of the City of Frankfurt am Main (ed.): Bundestag election 2017 in Frankfurt am Main: A first analysis . S. 34, 35 .
3. ↑ Run- off election of the Lord Mayor 2018 in Frankfurt am Main: An initial analysis. (PDF) pp. 23, 24 , accessed on August 23, 2018 .  (Page not found on Feb. 20, 2020)
4. ^ City council election 2016 in Frankfurt am Main: A first analysis. (PDF) pp. 40 - 45 , accessed on February 21, 2020 . 
5. ↑ Paul Quanz (Ed.): 25 years Riederwaldkolonie , Frankfurt / M. 1936, p. 48
6. ↑ The namesake of the Riederwälder streets
7. ^ City of Frankfurt, "Frankfurt aktuell", news from November 4th, 2019: City honors women pioneers of the labor movement. Retrieved November 5, 2019 . 
8. ↑ Frankfurter Rundschau, "New Street Signs in the Riederwald", published on November 4, 2019 , accessed on November 5, 2019
9. ↑ Official Journal Frankfurt am Main, No. 19 of May 7, 2019, page 673 (with map), accessed on Feb. 20, 2020
10. ^ Film production company Claussen + Wöbke + Putz , accessed on October 3, 2013, as well as written information for residents