Max Hirsch (politician)

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Max Hirsch

Max Hirsch (born December 30, 1832 in Halberstadt , † June 26, 1905 in Bad Homburg in front of the height ) was a German publisher, cofounder of the trade unions , social politician and publicist .

Life

The son of a glove maker in Halberstadt and cousin of the well-known Jewish publicist Ludwig Philippson studied economics after attending the Magdeburg High School in Tübingen, Heidelberg and Berlin and also did his doctorate in this field .

He traveled to France and North Africa and published some writings on his collected impressions. After his return, he founded the weekly political newspaper Der Progress in Berlin . In 1863 Hirsch settled in Magdeburg as a merchant and publisher. Here he came into contact with liberal social ideas, such as Leberecht Uhlich in particular , and with the emerging democratic association movement. From 1863 Hirsch was together with Uhlich at the head of the Magdeburg workers' education association . In the same year he was a co-founder of the Association of German Workers' Education Associations and in 1864 he was a member of its standing committee.

He belonged to the liberal Progressive Party , which had a considerable following in Magdeburg, and advocated its goals as a journalist. In 1867 Hirsch moved to Berlin. He had studied the local cooperative system in England and, following this suggestion, founded trade associations in 1868 together with Franz Duncker and Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch (Hirsch-Duncker trade associations from 1869). The liberal trade unions, which were in competition with the socialist trade unions, had considerable influence in Berlin and also in Magdeburg and the surrounding area or in the province of Saxony and Anhalt. The basic idea of ​​the trade unions, according to the liberal social concept, was to help people help themselves and stood in opposition to socialist views as well as state social policy. In addition to his work for the trade unions, the restlessly active stag was also a co-founder and board member of various associations that dealt with popular education and social policy. Out of these activities his organizational busyness as well as his teaching activities at the Volksuniversität , which he co-founded , the Humboldt Academy , stood out. His work in the German group of the Interparliamentary Peace Conference and as chairman of the German Peace Society (1898–1900) was also important. Between 1869 and 1893, Max Hirsch was repeatedly a member of the Reichstag of the North German Confederation and the German Reichstag , first for the German Progressive Party and later for the German Liberal Party . From 1898 to 1905 he was a member of the Prussian House of Representatives as a member of the Liberal People's Party .

Tomb

His grave is on the Jewish cemetery in Berlin-Weißensee in the row of honor, field A1.

Fonts

  • Sketch of the economic conditions in Algeria. With consideration for German emigration . Georg H. Wigand, Göttingen 1857. Digitized
  • Travel to the interior of Algeria through the Kabylie and Sahara . Grote, Hamm 1862. Digitized
  • The mutual aid funds and the legislation. With the expert opinion on the draft bills of the Reich Chancellery and the draft bills formulated by the author . Franz Dunker, Berlin 1875.
  • What are the aims of the trade unions? A warning and memo for all German craftsmen and workers . Self-published by the Federation of German Trade Unions, Berlin 1880. Digital copy of the Berlin State Library (15th edition 1891)
  • The German trade unions and their newest opponent. To defend against the attacks of Prof. L. Brentano and to clarify the history and achievements of the trade unions . E. Staude, Berlin 1879.
  • The main issues of the labor movement . Steinitz & Fischer, Berlin 1886.
  • Worker protection especially maximum working day from the point of view of the German trade unions . Walther & Apolant, Berlin 1890. Digitized FES
  • The labor protection legislation . Leopold Freund, Breslau 1891. Digitized MDZ reader
  • The workers' movement and organization in Germany . Volks-Zeitung Verlag, Berlin 1892.
  • Guide with model statutes for independent relief funds . J. Heine Verlag, Berlin 1892. Humboldt University Berlin digitized
  • The workers question and the German trade unions. Festschrift for the 25th anniversary of the German trade associations (Hirsch-Duncker). CL Hirschfeld, Leipzig 1893. Digitized MDZ reader
  • The development of labor associations in Great Britain and Germany . Hermann Bahr, Berlin 1896 Digitized Internet Archive
  • Activity and development of the German trade unions (Hirsch-Duncker) and their association. Report especially for the years 1898 to 1901 submitted at the 14th Association Days in Cologne a.Rh. on May 27, 1901 . Berlin 1901.
  • Adult education centers. Your goals, organization, development, propaganda. G. Reimer, Berlin 1901.
  • The statutory worker protection in the German Empire. Combined and briefly explained . Association of German Trade Unions, Berlin 1903.

See also: worker education

literature

  • Carl August Schramm : My open letter to Dr. Max Hirsch with answer and reply . Berlin 1872.
  • R. Tietze: Dr. Max Hirsch and the trade unions. Critical considerations by a trade union . Alb. Lehmann, Berlin 1893.
  • Oskar Pache: Max Hirsch . Tienken, Bremerhaven 1894.
  • From the Humboldt Academy. The Secretary General Dr. Dedicated to Max Hirsch on his 70th birthday by the lecturers . Weidmann, Berlin 1902.
  • Festschrift for the lawyer of the German trade unions, Mr. Max Hirsch, on the occasion of his seventieth birthday on December 30, 1902 . Association of German Trade Unions, Berlin 1902.
  • Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography. Volume 3, 1928, pp. 115f. (with catalog raisonné). Freimann Collection digitized
  • Anton Erkelenz : Hirsch, Max . In: International Concise Dictionary of Trade Unions . Edited by Ludwig Heyde. 1 (1931), 1931, p. 769 f. Digitized FES * Encyclopaedia Judaica, Judaism in Past and Present. Volume 8, 1931.
  • Hans-Georg Fleck: Social liberalism and the trade union movement. The Hirsch-Duncker trade associations 1868–1914. Bund-Verlag, Cologne 1994, ISBN 3-7663-2502-7 .
  • Biographical dictionary on German history. 2nd edition, Volume 1, Weltbild-Verlag, Augsburg 1995, Sp. 1173.
  • Andreas W. Daum : Science popularization in the 19th century. Civil culture, scientific education and the German public, 1848–1914 . 2nd, supplementary edition, Oldenbourg, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56551-5 .
  • Helga Grebing :  Hirsch, Max. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , pp. 205 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Eds.) U. a .: Biographical lexicon on the history of German social policy from 1871 to 1945 . Volume 1: Social politicians in the German Empire 1871 to 1918. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2010, ISBN 978-3-86219-038-6 , pp. 74 f. ( Online , PDF; 2.2 MB).
  • Mathias Tullner: Hirsch, Max. In: Guido Heinrich, Gunter Schandera (eds.): Magdeburg Biographical Lexicon, 19th and 20th centuries. Biographical lexicon for the state capital Magdeburg and the districts of Bördekreis, Jerichower Land, Ohrekreis and Schönebeck. Scriptum, Magdeburg 2002, ISBN 3-933046-49-1 ( article online ).
  • Wolfgang Ayaß : Max Hirsch. Social liberal union leader and pioneer of adult education centers . Ed .: Centrum Judaicum . Hentrich & Hentrich , Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-942271-96-7 (= Jewish miniatures , volume 141). (With catalog raisonné)
  • Max Hirsch , in: Ernest Hamburger : Jews in public life in Germany: members of government, civil servants and parliamentarians in the monarchical era. 1848-1918 . Tübingen: Mohr, 1968, pp. 302-311

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hirsch was one of the founders of the Verein für Socialpolitik in 1872/73, cf. Collection of sources on the history of German social policy from 1867 to 1914 , Department I: From the time when the Reich was founded to the Imperial Social Message (1867-1881) , Volume 8: Basic questions of social policy in public discussion: churches, parties, clubs and associations , edited by Ralf Stremmel, Florian Tennstedt and Gisela Fleckenstein, Darmstadt 2006, pp. 302 f., 307, 328, 343, 362 f., 369, 372, 374, 391 f., 399, 412, 416 f., 429-431, 451 -457, 459, 463 f., 472, 483.
  2. ^ Andreas W. Daum: Science popularization in the 19th century. Civil culture, scientific education and the German public, 1848–1914 . Oldenbourg, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56551-5 , pp. 113, 150, 166-169, 177 f., 493 .
personal data
SURNAME Hirsch, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German publisher and bookseller, co-founder of the trade unions, publicist and politician (DFP, DFG), Member of the Parliament
DATE OF BIRTH December 30, 1832
PLACE OF BIRTH Halberstadt
DATE OF DEATH June 26, 1905
Place of death Bad Homburg vor der Höhe