Office Bornheimerberg

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Map from 1583 by the sworn surveyor and cartographer Elias Hoffmann (died 1592) from Frankfurt over the Bornheimer Berg and Frankfurt regarding the border disputes between the Free Imperial City of Frankfurt and the County of Hanau-Munzenberg

Bornheimerberg was an office of the rule and later county of Hanau , then the county of Hanau-Münzenberg and finally the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel . Alternatively, it was also referred to as "Office Bergen" after its main town.

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

location

The office surrounded the imperial city of Frankfurt north of the Main and south of the Nidda in the west, north and east. In addition, the Oberrad in southern Main was part of it until 1481 . Originally, nineteen parishes in the Frankfurt area belonged to the office.

Surname

The Bornheimerberg office was also called "Grafschaft Bornheimerberg". It was named after Bornheim , which today belongs to Frankfurt and is slightly elevated, but left office as early as 1481.

history

In 1320 King Ludwig IV pledged the Bornheimerberg to Ulrich II von Hanau . In 1336 the emperor allowed the city of Frankfurt to redeem the Bornheimerberg in his place from Hanau. In 1351, however, King Charles IV renewed this pledge for Hanau. In 1434, Count Reinhard II von Hanau was enfeoffed with the Bornheimerberg by Emperor Sigismund . When the County of Hanau was divided in 1458, the Bornheimerberg became part of the County of Hanau-Münzenberg .

The contradicting behavior of the Reich naturally led to a dispute between Frankfurt and Hanau, especially since Frankfurt saw itself "surrounded" by Hanau territory. All attempts by Frankfurt to prevent this failed. Although Frankfurt's claims to the office's nineteen villages were upheld by the Reichsgericht after a process that lasted over a hundred years, neither Frankfurt nor the Reich had the power to enforce the verdict. So the city finally agreed to a comparison. After the rascals from Bergen had sold their rights to Bornheim to Frankfurt in 1475, Hanau also gave up its claim to Bornheim in 1481. Together with Hausen and Oberrad , Bornheim finally fell to the city of Frankfurt. In return, Frankfurt waived its claims to the other sixteen communities of Bornheimerberg. These now finally and undisputedly formed the Hanau Office of Bornheimerberg. This development was completed when the Counts of Hanau were able to replace the imperial loan in 1485 and convert it into property.

Since the main town of the office, Bornheim, belonged to Frankfurt after 1481, the Bornheim County Court was relocated to Bergen after the division.

In 1736 the dynasty of the Counts of Hanau died out and the county and with it the Bornheimerberg office fell to the Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel . From 1806 the office was occupied by the French. In 1810 it became part of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . Following the French model, the Grand Duchy was divided into departments and arrondissements . In this case, these organizations were based on the old structures: The County of Hanau became the Department of Hanau , the Office of Bornheimerberg to the Arrondissement (German: District) Bergen. After the end of the French era and through the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Electorate of Hesse including the Bergen Office (former Bornheimerberg Office) was restored.

With effect from January 1, 1822, the administration in the electorate was reorganized according to the electoral ordinance of June 29, 1821 based on the Prussian model: Justice (§§ 36 ff. Of the ordinance) and administration (§§ 58 et seq. Of the ordinance) were separated and also spatially reorganized. With that the old administration ceased to exist. For the jurisdiction of the courts of first instance , the local jurisdiction within the old official boundaries was retained. However, the administration was reorganized above the municipal level in rural districts . The municipalities of the Bornheimerberg office came to the newly founded Hanau district . At that time they had a total of 7,397 inhabitants.

scope

Territory before 1481

The Bornheimer Berg office included the places

Bornheimerberg Court

The Bornheimerberg court must be distinguished from the Bornheimerberg office. It comprised only a part of the places that the office comprised and had its seat initially in Bornheim, from 1484 in Bergen:

  • Mountains
  • Bischofsheim
  • Bockenheim
  • Eckenheim
  • Enkheim
  • Gronau
  • Massenheim
  • Praunheim
  • Vilbel

literature

  • Hans-Jürgen Becker: The court Bornheimer Berg = tradition, preservation and design in legal historical research, 1993, pp. 1–21
  • Düssell, Hermann, legal map of the higher regional court district of Frankfurt a. M., Wiesbaden 1902, p. 13 f.
  • Engelhard, Regenerus, Erdbeschreibung der Hessische Lande Casselischen Antheiles with notes from history and explained from documents, part 2, Cassel 1778, ND 2004, p. 768 ff.
  • Heinz F. Friederichs: The ministerials from Bornheim and the Frankfurt patrician family Goldstein . In: Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 21, p. 11 ff.
  • Franziska Haase: Ulrich I., Lord of Hanau 1281-1306 . Masch. Diss. Münster 1924, p. 31 ff.
  • Paul-Joachim Heinig: Emperor Friedrich III. and Hessen . In: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 32, p. 63 (66 ff.).
  • H. Jünger: Territories and legal sources in the district of the Higher Regional Court in Frankfurt a / M. besides card with the districts of the fields of law and courts ... . Wiesbaden 1896, p. 54 ff.
  • Ernst Kolb: The county of Bornheimerberg in its historical development and legal significance . Masch. Diss Frankfurt 1923.
  • Pellisier / Bingemer: The county of Bornheimerberg . In: Around Frankfurt (1924), pp. 111–144.
  • Heinrich Reimer: Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen . Marburg 1926, p. 57.
  • Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein = publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 2000, pp. 34f, 66–68, 73.
  • F. Scharff: The county of Bornheimer Berg . In: Archive for Frankfurt's History and Art, Volume 13 (1872), pp. 282-360
  • Ph. Fr. Schulin: The Frankfurt rural communities . Frankfurt 1895.
  • Fred Schwind : The "Grafschaft" Bornheimerberg and the royal people of the Frankfurt Treasury . In: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 14 (1964), pp. 1–21.
  • Fred Schwind: The Landvogtei in the Wetterau . Diss. Frankfurt 1972, p. 18 f.
  • Johann Heinrich Usener: Cronick from the Bornheimerberg office started in 1796 . Edited by Walter Reul, editor: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Heimatmuseum Frankfurt am Main-Bergen-Enkheim eV

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Berkersheim, City of Frankfurt am Main". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ^ Ordinance of June 29, 1821 on the restructuring of the previous state administration. In: Collection of laws, ordinances, notices and other general orders for Kurhessen from 1821 (Hof- und Waisenhaus-Druckerei, Cassel), kurhess GS 1821, pp. 29–62; also in: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.): Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse from 1813 to 1860. Elwert'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, Marburg and Leipzig 1866, pp. 311–351
  3. ^ Johann Peter Eyring: The district of Hanau . In: Georg-Wilhelm Hanna (arrangement): The district of Hanau and its district administrators . Ed .: Kreissparkasse Hanau . Hanau 1989, p. 7.