St. Nikolai (makers)

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The Church of St. Nikolai in Machern , district of Leipzig , as a Saxon Evangelical Lutheran Church, is the only sacred building in the place. It stands in the middle of the village and is surrounded by a small historic cemetery.

The St. Nikolai Church in Machern with its 34 meter high steeple
The St. Nikolai Church in Machern as seen from the cemetery portal. - Photo: Holger Zürch

history

Church in the back light
Sacred art
View to the altar
Font and epitaphs

The original membership in the diocese of Merseburg goes back to the time of the first mention of Machern (Mucherini) in 1121 . From 1268 the place became an independent parish, when Machern and Brandis were separated under canon law.

In 1492 Friedrich von Lindenau donated two bells for the church. His son Albrecht II von Lindenau was committed to the Reformation. Heinrich von Lindenau, son of Albrecht II, brought the monk Conrad Kluge with him from Wittenberg, who became the first Protestant pastor in Machern in 1521 - 18 years before the Reformation was introduced.

Heinrich von Lindenau married Gertrud von Schellenberg in 1524, who - like Martin Luther's wife Katharina von Bora - was a nun in the Nimbschen monastery and fled with her from there. The electoral court preacher Georg Spalatin , humanist and companion of Martin Luther , held their wedding sermon in the church at Makers .

In the middle of the 18th century, the church tower was rebuilt in the Baroque style (height 34 meters, completion on July 3, 1753) and the church was renovated.

In 1824 the church was extensively renovated: the outside work was financed by the community, the inside work on the altar, pulpit and floor was financed by the Schnetger family (successors to the Counts of Lindenau as owners of the Machern manor). In 1896, during the renovation of the interior of the church, the Schnetger family donated three large cathedral glass windows and a weather vane in 1906, which was replaced in 1998.

History of architecture and art

The building is a mixture of different stylistic epochs and is therefore architecturally inconsistent. The late Gothic choir with its irregular star vault was built around 1430. The nave was built around 1490; In 1615 it was extended and the sacristy was added. The tower from 1753 is baroque in design and was repaired in 1967. Two bells bear the year 1492, the hour bell is from 1733.

On the right in the church are the epitaphs of the von Lindenau family from the 16th century, on the left are the tombs of two Machern pastors. In the choir room on the left behind the pulpit there are three tombs of the von Lindenau family: two stone epitaphs (a praying knight, next to it a richly sculptured tomb with detailed inscription) and a pictorial epitaph from 1770 - it shows Count Heinrich Gottlieb von Lindenau , painted by Anton Graff , a member of the Dresden Art Academy.

In the middle of the choir is the altar stone with the high altar on top. In 1959 the parish sold its late Gothic St. Mary's altar due to financial difficulties. Since then he has been in the Leipzig- Eutritzsch church . The colored glass window behind the altar, donated by Wilhelm Eduard Heinrich Schnetger and his wife , is designed using a musical painting technique. It shows Jesus Christ with a chalice and host. The tape at his feet reads: Through me to the father .

Pastor
  • 1521 - Kluge, Konrad
  • 1527 - Diedelhuber, Theobald
  • 1529 - Oettinger, Theobald
  • 1539 - Scheerbaum, Kilian
  • 1544 - Meurer, Johann
  • 1544 - Neiss, Christoph
  • 1548 - Friedrich, Georg
  • 1550 - Meise, David
  • 1551 - Müller, Lorenz
  • 1554 - Herler, Andreas the Elder Ä.
  • 1579 - Rosenbach, Johann
  • 1582 - Wilde, Peter
  • 1591 - Burkhart, Melchior
  • 1597 - Heckethier, Johann
  • 1638 - Weirauch, Georg
  • 1643 - Zösche, Johann
  • 1653 - Dürr, Zacharias
  • 1686 - Haas, Nikolaus
  • 1691 - Fritzsche, Georg
  • 1705 - Mushroom, Abraham
  • 1710 - Rochau, Johann Gottfried
  • 1713 - Klauser, Gottfried
  • 1720 - Forester, Samuel
  • 1752 - Schildbach, Andreas Heinrich
  • 1767 - Beuthner, Christlieb August
  • 1786 - Sörnitz, Johann Christian
  • 1792 - Böttger, Johann Karl
  • 1802 - Mudre, Christian Friedrich Leberecht
  • 1842 - Hingst, Friedrich August
  • 1849 - Jässing, Kurt Heinrich
  • 1858 - Döhler, Christian Wilhelm Gotthold
  • 1859 - Lohde, Johann Gottfried
  • 1895 - Rosenthal, Friedrich Ernst
  • 1932 - Wolf, * Johannes Fürchtegott
  • 1936 - Poser, Alfred * Rudolf
  • 1939 - Zweigler, Johannes Alfred
  • 1945 - Kimme, August
  • 1957 - Bachmann, Harry
  • - Gottfried Suss
  • 2007 - Barbara Lötzsch
  • 2020 - Lydia Messerschmidt

Parish

With effect from January 1, 2020, the Evangelical Lutheran parishes of Borsdorf- Zweenfurth, Gerichshain - Althen and Panitzsch (since January 1, 2020: United Evangelical Lutheran Church Congregation Parthenaue-Borsdorf), the Evangelical Lutheran St. Nicholas Parish of Machern and the Evangelical Lutheran Parish of Püchau-Bennewitz (since January 1, 2020: United Evangelical Lutheran Parish of Machern-Püchau-Bennewitz), the Evangelical Lutheran Parish of Brandis - Polenz and the Evangelical Lutheran Parish of Beucha -Albrechtshain in the parish of Leipziger Land Sister church relationship established. The Evangelical Lutheran Parish of Parthenaue-Borsdorf is responsible for the joint pastoral offices and the employing parish in accordance with the Parish Structure Act (Section 2, Paragraph 3).

From April 1, 2020, Lydia Messerschmidt will be the new pastor of the parish and will succeed Barbara Lötsch after one and a half years of vacancy in the pastor's position.

altar

Carving altar

The late Gothic carved altar was set up in the Machern church in 1995 and is on loan from the Laurentiuskirche in Leulitz , a neighboring village of Machern. In 1978 it was brought from there to the Dresden Art Academy for conservation.

On the left half of the predella , i.e. the lower part of the altar, Jesus and his disciples can be seen in the garden of Gethsemane on the evening before his crucifixion. On the right half is the Holy Pope Gregory the Great (590–604) to whom a vision appeared during a sacrament celebration: the risen Christ, surrounded by symbols of his capture, condemnation and crucifixion.

Four saints can be seen on each of the two side wings. On the left wing, beginning at the top left: Saint Maternus, Archbishop of Cologne in the 4th century, patron saint of the vine; Saint Catherine, a martyr in Alexandria from the 4th century, patron saint of the philosophers; Saint Barbara, martyr from the 3rd century, patron saint of armourers and artillerymen, miners and builders, emergency helper when there is a risk of lightning, and Saint Sebastian, martyr from the 3rd century, patron saint of riflemen.

On the right wing, beginning at the top left: John the Baptist: He baptized Jesus, was his pioneer; Anna Selbdritt: Anna, mother of Maria, carries Maria on her left arm and Jesus on her right arm, patron saint of miners, boatmen and the poor; John: Disciple of Jesus, probably the author of the Gospel of John, as well as James in pilgrim garb, with a pilgrim's staff and hat with a scallop shell.

In the central shrine are shown (from left to right): Saint Lawrence, Roman martyr from the 3rd century, with a palm branch. In the middle Mary with the baby Jesus, crowned by two angels. Saint Andrew, brother of Simon Peter, apostle of the Scythians, was struck on a cross with diagonal bars in the year 60 (Andrew's cross). On the back of the altar on the left wing the Annunciation of the Archangel Gabriel to Mary, on the right the Adoration of the Magi.

organ

View of the gallery and organ

In 1786 Karl Heinrich August von Lindenau donated a new organ to the church. In 1875, the workshop of Conrad Geißler (1825–1897) in Eilenburg installed the organ with 15 stops , two manuals and a pedal , which is still used today, and the nave had to be raised and lengthened. In 1999 it was restored by organ builder Benjamin Welde.

The organ currently (as of 2018) has the following disposition :

1. Manual
1. Drone 16 '
2. Principal 08th'
3. Dumped 08th'
4th Octave 04 '
5. Gemshorn 04 '
6th Fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
7th third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
8th. Octave 02 '
9. Mixture III
2. Manual
10. Lovely Gedackt 08th'
11. Flute travers 04 '
12. Pointed octave 02 '
pedal
13. Sub-bass 16 '
14th Violon 16 '
15th Octave bass 08th'
  • Coupling : Manualcoppel II-I; Pedal coupler IP

Bells

The ringing consists of two bronze - bells from 1492 with the tones f '- 2 and b' - 1, the caster is unknown.

Namesake

Tower knob and weather vane with two years

Churches with the names Nikolaikirche or Nicolaikirche or simply St. Nikolai , St. Nicolai , St. Niklas , St. Nikolaus or St. Niklaus are consecrated to St. Nicholas of Myra or named after him; Nicolai is the Latin genitive of the name.

Saint Nicholas is the patron saint of seafarers, traveling merchants and children. He was a "fashion saint" especially in the 12th and 13th centuries, so that there are simple village churches, town churches, mendicant churches, mining churches as well as merchant churches that are dedicated to St. Nicholas are consecrated. St. Nicholas patronage can be found both in churches in almost all German, Baltic and Russian port and Hanseatic cities , as well as in the inland in former merchant quarters . The spread of the patronage in Europe began in the 11th century with the transfer of the relics of St. Nikolaus von Myra went to Bari in Italy in 1087. The long-distance trade that emerged resulted in a network of merchant settlements in which the traders sold their churches to St. Nicholas consecrated.

Varia

The Machern church is a stop on the ecumenical pilgrimage route , which is part of the area of ​​the Way of St. James that runs through Germany .

literature

  • The parish makers . In: The Ephorie Grimma left of the Mulde. Leipzig 1911, ( digitized version )
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments in Saxony . Vol. 19. Amtshauptmannschaft Grimma, Dresden 1897, ( digitized version )
  • Curt Jässing: History of the Church to Makers . Meltzer, Wurzen 1853 (digitized version)

Web links

Commons : Church of St. Nikolai in Machern  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160924090500/http://www.gemeindemachern.de/Her sucht-willkommen-in-unserer-Kirche-St-Nikolai-zu- Machern , accessed on February 27, 2020
  2. ↑ https://pfarrerbuch.de/sachsen/stelle/1191 , accessed on February 10, 2020
  3. ↑ https://www.evangelikus.hu/deutsch/barbara-l%C3%B6tzsch-deutsche-pfarrerin-wurde-ihr-amt-budapest-eingef%C3%BChrt-%E2%80%93-bilderreportage?language= de , accessed on February 10, 2020
  4. ↑ https://kirche.lutheran.hu/ueber-uns/pfarrerin-loetzsch.html , accessed on February 10, 2020
  5. ↑ https://www.evlks.de/fileadmin/userfiles/EVLKS_engagiert/B._Landeskirche/Amtsblatt/Amtsblatt-2019-18.pdf , page 5, accessed on January 13, 2020
  6. ↑ , page 3, accessed on February 2, 2020
  7. ↑ According to information from the ORKASA organ database https://www.evlks.de/fiegen/kirchenmusik/orgeln/ - there is a link to access it, accessed on December 5, 2018.
  8. ↑ S. 328 in: Rainer Thümmel: Bells in Saxony - sound between heaven and earth. Leipzig 2015, ISBN 978-3-374-02871-9
  9. ↑ http://www.oekumenischer-pilgerweg.de/index.php

Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 39.7 "  N , 12 ° 37 ′ 37.7"  E