St. Pankratius (Anholt)
The Catholic parish church of St. Pankratius is a listed church building in Anholt , a district of the town of Isselburg , Borken district , in western Münsterland .
history
The old church
The name "Anholt" originally only applied to the castle, while the name "Bredenasle" referred to the area. A church in Bredenasle (extra oppidum = outside the city) is mentioned in 1313 in a register of churches and charities of the diocese of Münster. It is certain that Bredenasle is mentioned as an independent parish next to Bocholt and belonged to the archdeaconate Bocholt. It is known as the "Moderkerk" and had parish priest rights. The church within the city fortifications was older than its first documented mention, because the tower showed Romanesque elements and, like the nave, was made of tuff, which was no longer common in this area after the 13th century. It is possible that the church was built as a separate church for the Lords of Sulen, the founders of the city. It also served as the burial place of the sovereigns and counts of Anholt until 1811. The following vicarages existed at the Anholter parish church : St. John Evangelist (1401), St. Mary and Christopher (1489), St. Antonius the Great (1496), St. George (1543), St. Jurrien (1587), Beatae Mariae Virginis (1666), Holy Cross and St. Anthony (1675). The parish of Anholt was first under the diocese of Utrecht, then Liège, then Cologne and finally Münster. In the middle of the 15th century, all pastoral rights were transferred from the “Moderkerk” to the Anholter (city) church. In 1451, a Gothic high choir was added, which towered over the Romanesque nave in height and length. The old "Moderkerk" was laid down at the request of Mr. von Anholt. The Romanesque-Gothic town church existed until 1862.
The construction of the "Anholter Dom"
In 1851 the foundation stone for the new Catholic Church was laid. This large neo-Romanesque church (basilica style) was richly decorated by Friedrich Stummel (his mother came from Anholt), popularly called "Anholter Dom". The church is a brick-built neo-Romanesque basilica with a transept . It was built from 1851 to 1862 by Wilhelm Schmitz from Trier. Originally it was supposed to be built in Saarburg / Mosel. Since there was insufficient funds there and the Auxiliary Bishop of Trier at that time, Johann Georg Müller , was elected Bishop of Münster, he took plans with him to Münster. Because the old town church was becoming more and more dilapidated, the pastor Dechant Achterfeld, Mayor Eppink and patronage Prince Alfred zu Salm-Salm asked the new bishop to be allowed to build a new church. Since the financial means could be provided in Anholt, the bishop gave the plans for the construction of the new St. Pancras Church in Anholt. In 1885 Friedrich Stummel was commissioned with the painting. For Stumnel this meant his second major commission after the Marienbasilika in Kevelaer. The Anholter master potter Wilm Rinck created a plate decor that is almost unique in its abundance. Side altars were erected for the two vicarages mentioned above from 1666 and 1675. The 57 m high towers, completed in 1869, shaped the cityscape until they were destroyed in 1945.
On Maundy Thursday and Good Friday 1945, the towers were blown up by the German Wehrmacht. Only the fact that Anholt was under heavy artillery fire could prevent the whole church from being destroyed. In 1953 the reconstruction (without towers) was completed. Today the church presents itself as a torso. In 1983 extensive renovation work was initiated and the Stummel wall paintings were restored according to historical models.
Furnishing
- Choir stalls from the second half of the 18th century by Johann Theodor Nadorp
- Paraments from the 17th and 18th centuries
- Magnificent coat made from a pompous Chinese garb from the 17th century, comes from the Battle of Ofen (Budapest) in 1684 (Turkish wars) and was brought from Vienna to Anholt by Prince Karl Theodor Otto zu Salm
- Late Gothic cylinder monstrance
- Ciborium from the first half of the 18th century
- Bronkhorster Atonement Cross, 16th century
- Black print of the Consolatrix aflictorum by Kevelaer (around 1700), a gift from the pilgrimage rector , as the Anholter procession is said to have been the third to arrive in Kevelaer
- Presentation of Jesus in the Temple , a painting by Franz Nadorp , created in Rome around 1850:
- Paintings in the apse wall by Prof. Friedrich Stummel , five patriarch figures above the main altar and 22 portraits of small prophets and apostles
- High altar from 1905, a gift from the Princely House of Salm-Salm
- Confessional in the corner of the transept from the 2nd half of the 18th century, probably from the workshop of the Nadorp family of artists from Anholt
- Pulpit from 1882 made of Baumberger sandstone
- Baptismal font from around 1872
- Pancratic window by H. Derix from Kevelaer from 1953
- Wall painting of Our Lady with Baby Jesus in the Marienkapelle under the former south tower by Prof. Friedrich Stummel :
Organs
Main organ
The main organ was built by the organ building company Ernst Seifert from Bergisch Gladbach in 1960. The slider chest instrument has 44 registers on three manuals and a pedal . The register numbering corresponds to that on the gaming table. The playing and stop actions are electric. The instrument has two free combinations, free pedal combinations and a crescendo roller .
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- Coupling : I / P, II / P, III / P, II / I, III / I, II 16 ′ / I, III 16 ′ / I, III / II, III 16 ′ / II
- Playing aids : 2 free combinations, 1 free pedal combination, tutti, crescendo roller
Choir organ
The church has a choir organ that was built by the Romanus Seifert company from Kevelaer in 2000. It has 6 registers on a manual and pedal. The disposition is as follows:
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- Pairing: I / P
Musica sacra
The school regulations of 1555 already mentions a clergy (boys') choir, which was led by the sexton of the town church. The "too high intonation should be omitted on working days" decreed sovereign Dietrich III. (ruled from 1549 to 1575) In 1858 the Anholter Verein für Kirchengesang was founded, which raised the voices as a church choir (male choir) for the glory of God.
Later, the mixed choir of the Catholic Workers' Association (KAB) united with the church choir to form the parish choir St. Pankratius Anholt (Westphalia). Gregorian chant is maintained to this day. Today he appears as the church choir St. Pankratius Anholt in high offices and at secular festivals. The Anholter church choir is one of the oldest in the Münster diocese.
Parish library
The parish library is remarkable. The Lords of Anholt have always exercised the right of patronage over the parish. They made sure that learned pastors were appointed as possible. The following should be mentioned: Nicolaus Pinders (1659–1699), who wrote books himself as a theologian, and Gottfried Theodor Ebereich (1700–1729), previously a missionary of the Roman Congregation for Propaganda. Both left behind much of the historical books. A considerable expansion of the holdings took place after the dissolution of the Jesuit mission and school in Anholt, which had existed since 1717, in 1773. Finally, the personal holdings of the former Augustinian regular canon of St. Elisabeth near Roermond and later chaplain in Anholt, Johann von Straelen (1801 –1844) to the parish library in will.
Bells
1. St. Mary cast 1712 1550 kg clay Es` “You Jesus, gracious Savior of the world and our only hope; We consecrate this bell to you, which you may receive forever. Ludwig Otto, Prince of Salm. "
2. St. Antonius poured 1983 1110 kg clay F` "Once destroyed by the evil spirit-1942-set up by Heimatfreunde-1982-Heimatverein Anholt".
3. St. Pankratius poured 1983 750 kg clay G` "I call the living, I lament the dead, I disperse the thunderstorms; -St.Pankratius-patron of the church".
4th Holy Trinity poured 1983 420 kg tone B` " We want to sing about love, because love never stops"
5. Donors' bell from Switzerland
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, North Rhine-Westphalia . Volume 2, Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969
- Church leader St. Pankratius ANHOLT . Schnell Art Guide No. 2143, Verlag Schnell & Steiner GmbH, Regensburg 1994
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments , North Rhine-Westphalia. Volume 2, Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969, p. 16.
- ^ Church leader St. Pankratius Anholt . Schnell Art Guide No. 2143, Verlag Schnell & Steiner GmbH, Regensburg 1994 p. 7 ff.
- ↑ Information on the organ ( Memento of the original from September 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Information about the choir organ
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 50 ′ 51.7 " N , 6 ° 25 ′ 41.2" E