St. Petri (Brandenburg an der Havel)
The chapel Sankt Petri on the cathedral island in Brandenburg an der Havel is a small sacral building from the beginning of the Christian period of rule of the Mark Brandenburg .
Emergence
The Petri Chapel is most likely on the foundation of the former castle chapel of Brandenburg Castle . The western field stone base may, however, with the field stone base of the St. Gotthardt Church in the old town of Brandenburg, be one of the oldest brick structures in the Mark Brandenburg. That would mean that the date of its origin can be set even before the foundation of the mark on June 11, 1157 around the middle of the 12th century.
The current shape of St. Peter's Chapel, however, goes back to a brick conversion, as indicated by indulgences in 1312. About 100 years later, the building was converted into a two-aisled hall with cell vaults.
shape
The Petri Chapel is a relatively small rectangular building with a side length of about 26.5 × 12 m, which looks very simple except for the ornate east gable . Above the head-high field stone plinth that completely surrounds the Petri chapel, the building was carried out using Gothic brick technology . The little church has had no tower since 1849 , as it was abandoned due to its disrepair. At this time, the formerly richly decorated gable in the west, whose only decoration now consists of 5 Gothic pointed arches , was also laid down and renewed . (A letter of protest from the provincial curator arrived four years late!) The unstable building site on the cathedral island caused three external supporting pillars to be added to the southern wall of the nave in 1588 .
The interior of the church has a striking cell vault , which rests on three central columns and thus divides the chapel into two naves and four bays .
The decoration of the interior consists of a baroque wooden gallery in the western part of the church hall, several epitaphs of respected citizens, two retables and some sacraments .
function
The Petrikapelle was once the castle chapel of Brandenburg Castle. The Margraves of Brandenburg exercised the patronage over the chapel, which they gave in 1237 to the Bishops of Brandenburg. From 1314 to 1320 the church was converted into a parish church and from then until the twentieth century it fulfilled this function for the secular inhabitants of the village of Brandenburg Dom .
Evening prayers take place once a week and noon prayers take place daily during the working week in the Petri Chapel. It also serves as a winter church for the cathedral parish's Sunday services. Furthermore, the church is made available to changing art exhibitions.
particularities
- In her role as former castle chapel, the Chapel of Peter to the grave lay the last Hevelli - Prince Pribislaw-Heinrich his and his wife Petrussa. The grave sites could not be proven archaeologically until today .
- The predecessor building of the Petri Chapel is probably the scene of the Brandenburg saga , which reports that a Brandenburg bishop hid in the roof stalls of the “cathedral” during the uprising of the Slavs, but was betrayed by the barking of his dog and was thrown to death by the rebels . Since the cathedral did not yet exist at the time of the Great Slavic Uprising , the only sacred building actually considered to be the Petri Chapel. However, it is uncertain whether the legend has a true core, since neither the time of death of Bishop Dodilo nor that of his successor Volkmar I corresponds to the time of the Great Slav uprising of 983 (see list of the Bishops of Brandenburg ). It could also be Christian propaganda from the early days of the eastward expansion , which should, however, reflect the mood of the resident elderly population well.
- When reconstruction work in the summer of 2009, the Brandenburg town of archeology presented a centuries as Schwellstein used stele sure that was located under the floor level of a southern, walled-up door. This door is the original entrance door of the chapel, which was opened again in the course of the reconstruction of the church. The sensational find was already cautiously interpreted as a possible grave column of Prince Pribislaw-Heinrichs , without there being any tangible confirmation. However, the relief design of the stele head and the overall work could certainly be assigned to a tomb of a high-ranking personality of the 12th century. The stele itself, which is said to have a counterpart in Leitzkau that has since been walled up again , has a bas-relief in the form of a braided ribbon knot on the picture side , and also a so-called lecture cross . The monument has meanwhile been recovered and kept in a protected place at the cathedral until a final examination and clarification of the form in which the stele should be exhibited. If the similarity of the stele with the Leitzkau artifact described above is true, this could be an indication of the close contacts with the once powerful Premonstratensian Abbey. After all, Pribislaw-Heinrich occupied his first cathedral chapter with Leitzkau Premonstratensians.
literature
- Friedrich Grasow; Brandenburg, the millennial city - a walk through the culture and architecture of past centuries; Self-published by the city of Brandenburg, 1928; P. 90
- Markus Cante, Monuments in Brandenburg; City of Brandenburg an der Havel; Cathedral Island - Old Town - New Town; in the series: Monument topography in Germany Volume 1.1, Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft Worms am Rhein 1994, p. 78 f .; ISBN 3-88462-105-X
- Otto Tschirch, History of the Chur and capital Brandenburg an der Havel, Festschrift for the millennium of the city in two volumes, Brandenburg an der Havel 1928,
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Romanesque routes in Berlin and Brandenburg - Brandenburg: St. Gotthard, Dom, St. Nikolai
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monument topography Brandenburg, vol. 1.1, 1994, p. 78 ff. Accessed on December 27, 2018 .
- ↑ https://www.stadt-brandenburg.de/stadt/sehenswerte/petrikapelle/
- ↑ Church services . Brandenburg Cathedral Monastery. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Coordinates: 52 ° 24 '52.3 " N , 12 ° 34' 0.9" E