St. Vitus (Olfen)

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St. Vitus church tower in Olfen

The Catholic parish church of St. Vitus is a listed church building in Olfen in the Coesfeld district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ). The community belongs to the deanery Lüdinghausen in the diocese of Münster .

History and architecture

Predecessor churches

In a deed of donation from Bishop Wolfhelm von Münster from the year 889, he transferred his paternal inheritance to the Werden monastery . The monastery was dedicated to the Liudger . According to this document, the church and the parish of St. Vitus existed before 889; the first church was probably built of wood after 836. This so-called own church was built on the Oberhof by order of the landlord and was probably located on the moated castle. The relics of St. Vitus were solemnly transferred from St. Denys in France to Corvey Monastery in 836.

Due to the population growth, the first church became too small. Between 1100 and 1150 a Romanesque building was erected on the site of today's church . Until 1879 the tower substructure carried the top of the steeple of the third church. Further details about the second church have not survived.

The third church was built around 1450 in the late Gothic style, a photograph of this building from 1877 has survived. The name 1452 is on an old altar stone. This church was much smaller than the current one; the tower stood in the west, the choir in the east. The base of the tower from Romanesque times was made of stone , the top was covered with slate. The church building was made of bricks , the roof had red tiles. The walls were divided by pointed arched windows with fish bubble tracery and buttresses . The sacristy stood north of the choir. The Wulfs-Ortchen was the burial place of the von Wulf family at Haus Füchteln. There were three altars in the church, the main altar was dedicated to St. Vitus, the two side altars to St. Mary and Catherine. The status Ecclesiae reported from the 18th century. The altars were consecrated, intact and always appropriately decorated. The church itself and the sacristy were in pristine condition. There were enough altarpieces and vestments. The eternal light burned constantly. Most of the pews were owned by individual families. The thirty-seven separate seats in different banks were re-let every four years. In order to avoid the construction of an emergency church , the old church was only demolished as the construction work on the new church progressed. Part of the demolition material was used for the new foundations . A large part of the furnishings, such as a Gothic tabernacle, the high altar, the pews, the organ and the capitals of the corner column were either sold or destroyed. The bells were preserved and hung in the new church.

Today's church

Church interior to the east

The church had become too small and partly dilapidated over the years. In 1862 a church building committee was founded to advise on the funding of the planned new church building .

The neo-Gothic basilica was built from 1882 to 1885 according to plans by the architect Hilger Hertel the Elder. Ä. erected from Münster. Hertel visited the premises on April 5, 1867 and presented the first construction plans for a new building on September 24, 1868. Bishop Johann Georg Müller looked through the plans and approved them after making a few changes. On June 6, 1871, a formal building contract was signed with Hertel, but the start of construction was canceled due to the Kulturkampf . The architect Hertel revised the original plan and presented the new plans on February 10, 1877. Instead of the planned massive building, a lively one in Gothic forms was planned. Instead of the bricked rectangular pillars in the interior, round pillars made of stone were erected. The old substructure of the tower was also not preserved, but a bricked up to match the Gothic church. The foundation stone was laid on June 3, 1877 and on May 1, 1878 the transept and choir were inaugurated and the first masses were held. The nave was completed on November 1, 1879, and the building received the furnishings planned by Hertel. Bishop Johannes Bernhard Brinkmann had been forced to leave the bishopric during the Kulturkampf and lived in exile in the Netherlands. He returned to Münster in 1884 and consecrated the Vitus Church on October 6, 1885.

The building is 46.10 meters long and 21.55 meters wide, the transept is 1.25 meters wider on each side. The church interior is 16.55 meters high, the tower, including the cross and the cock, is 66 meters high. (The cross and the cock are two meters high). A total of 1,113,600 bricks were walled up. The path around the church was paved at the end of the 19th century. The interior lighting was improved in 1893 by installing nine large kerosene lamps . The decoration painter Anton Schräder from Münster was commissioned in 1894 to paint the interior. The sound hatches in the tower are to be reduced in size and replaced in the foreseeable future in order to mix the sound of the bell more harmoniously and more pleasantly when the bell rings.

Views in the cityscape

  • Aerial photo from 2014

  • View through the old route of the Dortmund-Ems Canal to the church

  • The frozen old drive with a view of St. Vitus

Furnishing

The original interior consisted of the altars, the pulpit, the confessionals, the communion bench, the organ, church and choir stalls cost around 30,000 marks.

  • The furnishings include an octagonal Gothic font from the mid-15th century, which is supported by four animal consoles. A depiction of the Adoration of the Magi can be seen on the basin . This baptismal font was given to Sandfort Castle when the previous church was demolished and was given back on March 26, 1952.
  • A double Madonna from the beginning of the 16th century completes the furnishings. It came from the previous building and was sold to Hölper in Rechede. It was returned in 1935.

  • Baptismal font (15th century)

  • Double Madonna from the East (16th century)

  • Double Madonna of the West (16th century)

  • A Ms. Mehring donated a way of the cross in 1868 , which was set up in the same year. The 14 stations led from Westrup through the Geest to the old cemetery. An artist by the name of Fridag created them from Baumberger sandstone . The sandstone weathered in the following years and the Way of the Cross was canceled in 1938. Some of the material was used to build the foundations of the new Way of the Cross, which started from the church and would lead past the old and new cemetery and end with a small chapel. In December 1938, 13 stations in the shell were completed. Then the Mayor of Olfen ordered that due to the future design of the townscape and traffic-related innovations, some stations of the cross would have to be relocated .
  • An approximately 250-year-old chasuble was extensively restored in 2011. The robe lay in a drawer in the sacristy for several years and was in danger of decay. The origin and the exact age of the Easter garb is not known. The cloister work from the middle of the 18th century was edited by the textile restorer Sabine Heitmeyer-Löns from Havixbeck. The silk robe is adorned with elaborate embroidery, the crucifixion and the resurrection are connected. A rooster, thirty pieces of silver, reeds, a dying flame and the crown of thorns are depicted on the obverse. These ornaments in the shape of flowers, shown in red, are supposed to represent the blood of Christ for the glorification of the resurrection. The back of the robe shows the opened heart of Jesus on a halo, as the symbol of the sun, which stands for Christ. The anchor is shown as a sign of faith. The scourge tools such as the dice, spear, hammer, nails and rod are visible. A reliable assignment of the chasuble is not known, the restorer Sabine Heitmeyer-Löns suspects the garment is a highly professional work, as it occurs in France, but not French because of the cut . The flowers are made of chenille yarn and the material of the robe is pure silk. The well-executed old stuffing points were not touched by the restorer, those that were not so finely worked were professionally processed.

organ

Until 2015 there was an organ on the west gallery from 1885, built by the organ builder Friedrich Fleiter (Münster). Today's organ was built in 2015 by the organ builder Siegfried Merten (Remagen), using nine registers from the Fleiter organ. In addition to a few new registers, there were also pipes from an organ that had been built in 1872 by the British organ builder Willis & Sons for a church in Lancaster and that was in Liverpool from 1950 to 2012. The historic lower case of the Fleiter organ was reused. The organ has 31 stops, including an extended stop, on two manual works and a pedal . The swell mechanism (2nd manual) is divided into labial mechanism (work A) and tongue mechanism (work B). The two works can be played independently and linked.

I main work C – c 4
1. Bourdon 16 ′ (W)
2. Open diapason 8th' (M)
3. Bourdon 8th' (F)
4th Hollow flute 8th' (W)
5. Principal 4 ′ (W)
6th Harmonic flute 4 ′ (W)
7th Fifteenth 2 ′ (W)
8th. Cornett V (from f 0 ) (W, F)
9. Mixture III-IV (M)
10. Trumpet 8th' (W)
Tremulant
II Swell C – c 4
Labial work (A)
11. Violin diapason 8th' (W)
12. Viola da gamba 8th' (W)
13. Clarabella 8th' (W)
14th Vox coelestis 8th' (W)
15th Gemshorn 4 ′ (W)
16. Pipe flute 4 ′ (F)
17th Twelfth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ (W)
18th Flood 2 ′ (M)
19th third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′ (M)
20th Mixture III (M)
Tremulant
(Continuation)
Lingual work (B)
21st Trumpet harmonique 8th' (W)
22nd oboe 8th' (W)
23. Clarinet 8th' (W)
24. Clairon 4 ′ (F)
Tremulant
Pedals C – f 1
25th Acoustic Bass (Ext. No. 27) 32 ′ (M)
26th Open diapason 16 ′ (M)
27. Bourdon 16 ′ (F)
28. Octave 8th' (F)
29 Bass flute 8th' (F)
30th Octave 4 ′ (F)
31. Trombones 16 ′ (F)
  • Coupling : II A / I, II B / I, I / P, II A / P, II B / P; Sub- and super-octave coupling (I / I, II A / I, II B / I, II A / II A, II B / II B)
  • Remarks:
(W) = Willis register
(F) = register from Fleiter
(M) = new register (Mertens, 2015)

Bells

Until 1942, there were three chimes and three clock bells in the tower of St. Vitus. Two of the bells came from the years 1640 (913 kg, 117 cm diameter) and 1598 (717 kg, 105 cm diameter). Two hour bells were from 1938, another hour bell from 1554 (61 kg, 46 cm diameter). In 1942, two of the chiming bells and the three watch bells had to be delivered for war purposes. Only one bell remained. To replace the hour bells, St. Vitus received two new bells made of zinc alloy , cast by the Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock foundry.

In May 1945, some of the delivered bells could be retrieved from a collection center in Lünen. Two hour bells and one of the chime bells were hung up again. The second ringing bell - together with the bell breaker bought in addition - was cast by the bell foundry Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock into two new bells based on the pattern of the bells cast in 1938. All bells were hung in a new steel bell cage, which was built on the old wooden bell cage. There are plans to replace the steel bell chair in favor of a new wooden chair to soften the sound of the bells.

No.
 		 Surname
 		 Casting year
 		 Caster
 		 Weight
(kg)		 Nominal
 		 Note / inscriptions
 
1 Heart of jesus 1945 Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock, Gescher 2,000 of the 1st
2 Paul 1640 870 it 1 “Wulf zu Füchteln and Davensberg, Ascheberg, Rauschenburg, Friedach zu Sandfort and Rechede; restored in the year of the Lord 1640 by Pastor Arnold Erlenwein and the founder Claudius Lamiral, God forbid me. Saint Paul, Patron of the Fatherland. "
3 Vitus 1945 Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock, Gescher ges 1 The bell bears the inscription and decoration of the melted down bell: “Saint Vitus is my name. I call everyone together in God's name. Peter Nelman von Soest cast me in 1598. ”The inscription“ Cast in 1945 by the company Petit and Gebrüder Edelbrock, Gescher ”was also attached.
4th Salvator 1654 as 1 “Savior of the world keep us. Pastor Hermann Isvordinck made me. Johannes Parwiss cast me in 1654. “The bell is richly decorated with various abstract ornaments.

Certificate under the new church tap

In 1949 a document with the following text was inserted under the new church tap for the future:

St. Vitus Olfen In the Year of Salvation 1949 one thousand nine hundred forty-nine When Sr. Holiness Pius XII. Was Pope of the Catholic Church; Dr. Michael Keller Bishop of Münster and Pastor Gerhard Harrier from Stadtlohn with his vicar Heinrich Buddenkotte from Füchtdorf and Chaplain Wilhelm Benning from Vreden looked after the parish of St. Vitus zu Olfen, together with the church council, whose members were for the city: Master carpenter Theodor Lackmann sen ., Master blacksmith Ludwig Bünder, disabled Stephan Reddemann, farmer Bernhard Pellmann, businessman Hugo Stollbrock; for the parish of Sülsen: farmer Josef Himmelmann; for the parish of Kökelsum: farmer Franz Kersting; for the parish of Rechede: farmer August Kortenbusch; for the chapel community Vinnum: farmer Paul Lohmann and master painter Bernhard Mengelkamp; when the three western parts of our German fatherland, which had been quartered by the unfortunate Second World War, were ruled by Federal President Prof. Dr. Heuss and the Federal Chancellor Conrad Adenauer, this church tower cock was used on the feast of St. Elisabeth was elevated to his high throne on November 19 after his predecessor was torn to pieces by German artillery from Datteln on the second day of Easter, April 2, 1945, until he was thrown onto Marktstrasse. May the new church tower cock hold its place longer than the old one. May all parishioners hear and obey his sermon from the high pulpit: Watch and pray so that you do not fall into temptation. I moved the first Pope, St. Peter, to repent immediately. Should one of you follow St. Peter in sin, let him follow him just as quickly in repentance and correction. But don't be fickle like I am. Rather, stand firm in your faith. Faithfully guard the faith inherited from your fathers. That is where your happiness rests. As far as it is up to me, I want to help you build this happiness by telling you wind and weather. God help you and me!

literature

  • Dehio, Georg , under the scientific direction of Ursula Quednau: Handbook of German art monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia II Westphalia . Deutscher Kunstverlag , Berlin / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 .
  • Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments, North Rhine-Westphalia . Volume 2, Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969.
  • Wilhelm Holtmann, Karl-Josef Jennebach, Oskar Müller, Ludger Thier, Martha Wilmig, Ernst Buthmann: St. Vitus Olfen 100 Years Parish Church 1880–1980. Edited by the Catholic Parish of St. Vitus Olfen, Schaten printing company, Olfen 1980.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Belonging to the Denkanat and the diocese
  2. ↑ a b c Church chronicle
  3. ^ A b c Wilhelm Holtmann, Karl-Josef Jennebach, Oskar Müller, Ludger Thier, Martha Wilmig, Ernst Buthmann: St. Vitus Olfen 100 Years Parish Church 1880–1980. Ed. Catholic parish of St. Vitus Olfen, Schaten printing works, Olfen 1980, p. 4.
  4. ^ A b c Wilhelm Holtmann, Karl-Josef Jennebach, Oskar Müller, Ludger Thier, Martha Wilmig, Ernst Buthmann: St. Vitus Olfen 100 Years Parish Church 1880–1980. Edited by the Catholic Parish of St. Vitus Olfen, Schaten Printing House, Olfen 1980, p. 17.
  5. ↑ At the time of construction
  6. ^ Wilhelm Holtmann, Karl-Josef Jennebach, Oskar Müller, Ludger Thier, Martha Wilmig, Ernst Buthmann: St. Vitus Olfen 100 Years Parish Church 1880–1980. Edited by the Catholic Parish of St. Vitus Olfen, Schaten Printing House, Olfen 1980, p. 23.
  7. ↑ To reduce the size of the sound hatches ( memento of the original from March 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the municipality's website @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / stvitus-ölker.de
  8. ^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments, North Rhine-Westphalia . Volume 2, Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969, pp. 428, 429.
  9. ^ Wilhelm Holtmann, Karl-Josef Jennebach, Oskar Müller, Ludger Thier, Martha Wilmig, Ernst Buthmann: St. Vitus Olfen 100 Years Parish Church 1880–1980. Edited by the Catholic Parish of St. Vitus Olfen, Schaten Printing House, Olfen 1980, pp. 18, 43.
  10. ↑ The restored robe.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / stvitus-ölker.de  
  11. ↑ Information on the organ  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the organ building association. For disposition ( memento of the original from June 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / stvitus-ölker.de   @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / stvitus-ölker.de
  12. ↑ For disposition on the website of the organ building company
  13. ↑ For disposition  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the municipality's website@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.stvitus-ölker.de  
  14. ↑ See the information ( Memento of the original from May 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. about the new organ on the municipality's website @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stvitus-ölker.de
  15. ↑ Bell history ( Memento of the original from March 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / stvitus-ölker.de
  16. ↑ Bells ( Memento of the original from March 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / stvitus-ölker.de
  17. ↑ Certificate  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / stvitus-ölker.de  

Web links


Coordinates: 51 ° 42 ′ 22 "  N , 7 ° 22 ′ 49"  E