St Andrews
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Royal Burgh of St Andrews Scottish Gaelic Cill Rìmhinn Scots Saunt Andras |
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| Coordinates | 56 ° 20 ′ N , 2 ° 48 ′ W | ||
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| Residents | 16,870 2011 census | ||
| administration | |||
| Post town | ST ANDREWS | ||
| ZIP code section | KY16 | ||
| prefix | 01334 | ||
| Part of the country | Scotland | ||
| Lieutenancy Area | Fife | ||
| Council area | Fife | ||
| British Parliament | North East Fife | ||
| Scottish Parliament | North East Fife | ||
St Andrews is a small town on the east coast of Scotland (County Fife ), which was elected royal city in 1620. It is particularly famous for its traditional university and as the home of golf. In addition, with its picturesque location on the North Sea, it is a worthwhile destination for tourists. St Andrews had 16,870 residents in 2011, a good third of whom were university students.
In 2015 St Andrews was awarded the honorary title “ City of the Reformation of Europe ” by the Community of Evangelical Churches in Europe .
history
The city goes back to an early Christian Celtic settlement (around 8th century). It was around this time that the relics of the Apostle Andrew were probably brought to this place . In 908 St Andrews became a bishopric . The St. Andrew's cross on the Scottish flag refers to him . The St Andrews Cathedral was begun in 1160 and completed in the 1326th During the Reformation it was destroyed by supporters of John Knox . The ruins of the bishop's castle, which was built between the 13th and 16th centuries, are located a little outside the city. The small town was an important pilgrimage site in Europe throughout the Middle Ages . To protect the numerous pilgrims and to accommodate them, a castle was built not far from the cathedral, which, like the cathedral, is now in ruins. In addition, St Andrews has long been the religious center of the Presbyterian - Reformed aligned Scottish church .
education
The University of St Andrews , founded in 1413, is the oldest university in Scotland and the third oldest in Great Britain. To this day it is considered one of the top universities in the United Kingdom, along with Oxford and Cambridge . Scientific research and teaching in particular enjoy an excellent reputation. The Scottish Parliament was convened here from 1645 to 1646 , and in 1862 Britain's first female student enrolled here . Also bought Prince William in June 2005 graduated from the University of St Andrews. Sir David Brewster researched and taught here as a principal before being called back to Edinburgh .
There are two schools in St Andrews: St Leonards School (formerly an all-girls school, now mixed) and another co-educational school, Madras College. St Leonards also has an attached boarding school, which is particularly popular with German and Chinese students. 120 students live in three houses. The school has a total of 456 students. Since 2008, St Leonards has offered the International Baccalaureate as a degree in addition to the British A-Level .
Every year in March, the StAnza Poetry Festival takes place in St Andrews .
golf
The coastal town of St Andrews is considered to be the home of golf ("Home of Golf"), and this term is also used for the actual golf course, the St Andrews Links . In 1754 the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews was founded here as one of the very first golf clubs. His famous clubhouse is right on the Old Course , probably the most famous golf course in the world. The British Golf Museum looks at the history of golf from the very beginning. Every five years in July, the Open Championship , one of the major international golf tournaments, takes place on the Old Course . Golf tourism has become one of the city's main sources of income.
Personalities
- David Beaton (around 1494–1546), Scottish cardinal and Archbishop of St Andrews
- Allan Robertson (1815-1859), professional golfer
- Iain Mattaj (* 1952), biochemist
- Scott Mariani (* 1968), journalist, musician and writer
- KT Tunstall (* 1975), Scottish singer
photos
St Andrews, ruin of the cathedral
Old cemetery by the ruins of the cathedral
Old Course (at the Royal and Ancient Golf Club )
Park and waterfront The Scores
A wedding at the university
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 Census. In: scotlandscensus.gov.uk, accessed October 9, 2018.
- ↑ Seven new “Reformation cities” in Europe. New additions in the Czech Republic, Scotland, Estonia and France. EKD press release. December 15, 2016, accessed June 19, 2016. - For information on St Andrews' role in Reformation history, see the History section and the city portrait of the Reformation City of St Andrews. A wealth of tradition on the edge of Europe. In: reformation-cities.org/cities, accessed October 9, 2018.