Haltdalen stave church
The Haltdalen Stave Church (or stave Holtålen ) is one of the oldest of its kind in Norway ; at the same time it is the northernmost authentic stave church in the country. It was built around 1170 in Haltdalen, which is now part of Holtålen municipality in Trøndelag province . Haltdalen stave church has been part of Trøndelag Folkemuseum (Sverresborg) in Trondheim since 1937 .
history
The simple church was first mentioned in a document in 1345. However, dendrochronological studies of the building material have shown that the oldest parts of the church date back to around 1170. The former parish church of the then still independent municipality of Haltdalen has undergone extensive changes over the years. In 1704 it was considerably expanded with a large extension on the western side. Since the church was threatened with decay towards the end of the 19th century, it was dismantled in 1884, brought to Trondheim, extensively restored and re-erected in the Kalvskinnet district. In the course of this renovation, it was equipped with the west wall and the portal of Ålen stave church (also Holtålen municipality), which was demolished at the end of the 19th century.
Haltdalen Stave Church has been located on the grounds of Trøndelag Folkemuseum , an open-air museum in Trondheim's Sverresborg district, since 1937 . Today it is almost exclusively used as a museum church and rarely used for church services.
Architecture and furnishings
The Haltdalen stave church is a simple long church without internal bars, with a rectangular nave (approx. 6 × 5 meters) and a slightly narrower, just closed choir (approx. 3 × 3.5 meters). From the supporting corner pillars it can still be seen today that the church was once over a Svalgang. a kind of arcade , which is not preserved. The corner pillars have spherical bases made from several transverse timbers.
The church has a west portal, a south portal and a choir portal facing south.
The timber construction never had an apse . Originally there were two windows on the longer walls, but they were closed. On the east wall of the building there are faint traces of painted decor that can be dated back to the beginning of the 17th century.
The church has an altar , a baptismal font and a pulpit , which the artist Peter A. Lilje painted in 1652. A bronze incense burner and a missal from 1519, both from the church in Haltdalen, are now in the Science Museum near Trondheim.
The simple variant of a stave church without gable roofs , which is called the Haltdalen type after this church , was probably very common in the Middle Ages . Today there are only six churches of this type left in Norway.
Replicas
Heimaey
A replica of the stave church was Norway's official gift to Iceland in 2000 on the occasion of the thousandth anniversary of the introduction of Christianity on the Atlantic island. It is now on the island of Heimaey . See Heimaey Stave Church .
Haltdalen
In Haltdalen, the original location of the church in Gauldalen, another replica was made, which was officially consecrated in 2004 by Trondheim Bishop Finn Wagle. 130 cubic meters of spruce wood up to 400 years old were used for them. Among other things, it should give impetus to tourism in the region. The grounds are thus similar to the replica of the relocated Gol stave church , which was also built in its original location in the 1990s.
Kücknitz
The Evangelical Lutheran Church “St. Nikolai ” in Lübeck -Kücknitz is also a replica of this Norwegian stave church. In contrast to the Hedalen church, this one has square columns and not the round columns that are common for stave churches. The west portal is somewhat wider, and the south portal, which is also wider, is closer to the choir. The choir, on the other hand, has no portal.
See also
literature
- Roar Hauglid : Norwegian stave churches . Dreyer Verlag, Oslo 1977, ISBN 82-09-00938-9 . (German translation; Norwegian original title: Norske stavkirker )
- Yasuo Sakuma, Ola Storsletten: The stave churches of Norway. Masterpieces of Nordic architecture. Approved license edition, Bechtermünz-Verlag, Augsburg 1997, ISBN 3-86047-239-9 . (German translation)
Web links
- Official website of the Trøndelag Folkemuseum (German; also Norwegian, English and French)
- Haltdalen Stave Church on the Trøndelag Folkemuseum website(German version)
- Outline map of the stave churches in Norway
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gunnar Bugge: Stavechurches in Norway. Dreyer Forlag S / A, 1983, ISBN 82-09-01929-5 .
- ^ Claus Ahrens: The early wooden churches of Europe. Catalog. Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1397-6 , p. 289.
- ↑ Eva Valebrokk, Thomas Thiis-Evensen: Norwegian stave churches / architecture, history and tradition. Boksenteret A / S, 1993, ISBN 82-7683-012-9 .
- ↑ Yasuo Sakuma, Ola Storsletten: The stave churches of Norway. Masterpieces of Nordic architecture . Bechtermünz-Verlag, Augsburg 1997, ISBN 3-86047-239-9 .
Coordinates: 63 ° 25 '4.4 " N , 10 ° 21' 18.5" E