Verlag Gerhard Stalling
| Verlag Gerhard Stalling AG | |
|---|---|
| founding | 1789 |
| resolution | 1983 |
| Seat | Oldenburg , Germany |
| publisher |
Gerhard Stalling (founder) Borwin Vensky-Stalling (last head until 1977) |
| genus | Book publishing , printing , trading |
| As of December 31, 2018 | |
The publishing house Gerhard Stalling , also the printing and publishing house Gerhard Stalling or Stalling-Verlag , was a publishing house from Oldenburg named after its former owner Gerhard Stalling , which existed from 1789 to 1983. The focus of the publishing house in the 19th century was school books and regional fiction, in the first half of the 20th century the profile changed to military history and German-national memorial literature .
Publishing history
Origins
On the initiative of the Oldenburg Count Johann XVI. A 1699 Offizin founded, which took over the printing press Heinrich Conrad room. Religious works and annals were to be published in large numbers. Such was De clover Catechism of Martin Luther, the first book. The printing company has been passed on over the past six generations. Finally, the school clerk Gerhard Stalling (1757-1818) acquired the flourishing company in 1789. The practice of the book printer trade was linked to the admission to the book printer society in Leipzig. Stalling was accepted into this society on October 24, 1789 and thus "recognized as a real and true member of the art of printing" . Gerhard Stalling published Das Oldenburger Gesangbuch (1791) and the history of the Duchy of Oldenburg by Gerhard Anton von Halem (in three volumes, 1794 to 1796). He also printed all the ordinances and laws of the duchy. By 1810, the printer and publisher had a new publishing house built on the Ritterstraße 4 plot in Oldenburg. In order to secure its material basis, Stalling acquired a paper mill near Aurich. During renovation work in Ritterstrasse, a falling stone injured Gerhard Stalling, and he finally died on September 21, 1818 as a result of this injury.
Passing on to the next generation: Johann Heinrich Stalling
After the sudden death of Gerhard Stalling, the paper mill in Aurich (now also called Stallingslust ) first passed to the eldest son Hermann Christian Stalling, who, however, died in 1829. After that, the younger son, Johann Heinrich Stalling, took over the mill, but it burned down again soon after. He had it rebuilt and equipped with a steam engine, but eventually sold the paper mill. When he was just 20 years old, he took over the printing and publishing house and kept the founder's name in honor of his father. At the invitation of the new company owner's brother led Alois Senefelder , Carl Senefelder, in the print shop from 1822 to Steindruck one. This improved the quality of the books and made color prints possible. In 1834 Johann Heinrich also founded a playing card factory, which soon enjoyed good demand. The advertisement for the publisher was now Gerhard Stalling Oldenburg. Book and lithographic printing. Fast press, paper shop, playing card factory . Due to the imposition of a penalty tax on printing companies that had published their own work in the duchy, for example Der Oldenburgische Hausfreund or Volkskalender by Georg Heyse from Bremen , Johann Heinrich Stalling took over the edition, which remained successful for decades under the changed title, Der Oldenburgische Hauskalender or Hausfreund . From 1843 he also brought out the Oldenburger Zeitung .
Johann Heinrich Anton Stalling takes over in the third generation
The son of Johann Heinrich Stalling, Johann Heinrich Anton Stalling (1825–1903), had learned all the necessary skills and abilities at his father's publishing house and took over the management of the publishing house in 1860. In 1851, however, he had the Stalling's bookstore on Theaterwall in Oldenburg opened. He passed this on to his younger brother Karl, who in 1883 transferred it to Schmidt, a non-family member. In January 1879 a major fire broke out in the publishing house on Ritterstrasse, which almost destroyed the company. Nevertheless, the Stallings succeeded in renovating and reopening the buildings and technical equipment within six months. Heinrich Anton Stalling's sons had prepared in good time for the takeover of the family business: Paul Stalling (1861–1944) had completed a commercial apprenticeship and from 1888 worked in the printing and publishing house as an authorized signatory .
Takeover by Heinrich and Paul Stalling until the outbreak of war (1896–1914)
On July 1, 1896, the brothers Anton and Heinrich (1865–1941) Stalling took full responsibility for the publishing house. Paul Stalling expanded the school book and home program, Heinrich ( the younger ) also got involved in higher-level organizations in addition to his work in the publishing house and organized the medical dog industry into a guide dog association in his place of residence.
The program at the turn of the century comprised school books , for example the arithmetic book by Harms and Kallius (Kuckuck), Stacke's history books for school use and Baskerville's English language textbooks .
On Fiction published works such Kniest, wind and waves (1889) , Wat de Kiewit sprook ( Low German poems 1889), Freudenthal, In de Fierabendtied ( Low German stories 1889).
From 1902 the Stallings published the weekly newspaper Buchdruckerwoche . The printing house had once five-speed presses and employed forty people. In addition to the publishing bookstore and printer, there was still the paper wholesale business.
The rise of the publishing house went hand in hand with an expansion of the publishing house: a four-story new building was opened in 1913 on a neighboring property in Ritterstraße, which was equipped with the most modern machines at the time. Now several buildings were close together. Even a small chapel was not missing.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the publishing house began to publish war reports and war fiction.
First World War, Weimar Republic and the National Socialist period (1914–1945)
On the initiative of Hindenburg , the series The Great War was published by Stalling-Verlag from 1916 onwards . After the end of the war, the publishing house expanded the military history program and, in collaboration with George Soldan from the Reich Archives, published several series of war memories. The most important were the series battles of the world war (40 volumes) and memorial sheets of German regiments (240 volumes).
In 1924 the Stalling brothers converted the previous private company into an AG , but the three board members came from the family. The publishing house became a real large company, now known as Gerhard Stalling. Offset printing , book printing and bookbinding operated.
In the Weimar Republic, the publishing house drifted to the right-wing national edge in terms of content, and during the National Socialist era it maintained excellent contacts with the Wehrmacht . Werner Beumelburg published his novel Sperrfeuer um Deutschland in 1928 , and one year later the group Bosemüller, Der Roman des Frontsoldaten - the national-conservative counterpart to Remarque's successful anti-war novel Im Westen Nothing New . Both works became bestsellers. The similarly positioned authors Richard Euringer , Franz Schauwecker and Will Vesper published with Stalling before 1933, as did the pedagogue Ernst Krieck . The Stalling-Verlag also published works by Eugen Roth during the Weimar Republic .
In 1934 Paul Stalling resigned from the board of directors of the company, which his brother Heinrich now ran alone. In 1936 Paul Stalling also left the board of directors, the brothers had finally fallen out. In addition, the Oldenburg Gauleiter Carl Röver had put pressure on Paul Stalling to leave the family business because Paul Stalling, unlike his brother, was not positive about the National Socialists. In 1935 Heinrich Stalling received congratulations on his 70th birthday from Hitler , Goebbels and Interior Minister Frick and was awarded the Goethe Medal . In 1937 Heinrich Stalling joined the NSDAP . In 1938 the Stalling-Verlag bought the children's book publisher Belog at a low price (" Aryanization ") from the owner Friederike Blogg, who was persecuted as "Jewish" and forced to sell.
After Heinrich Stalling's death in 1941, the publishing house was managed by the national conservative journalist Hans Zehrer until it was banned by the Allies .
New licensing until the publisher is closed (1948–1983)
After the Second World War , former employees of the publishing house began printing again under the former director Michael Altenburg. They initially produced ration cards and information for the Allies. The company, which initially existed as an Oldenburg publishing house , received its printing license . Gerhard Stalling appeared, but did not return until 1949 due to the spending on World War I and its proximity to the Nazi regime. At times, Hans Rößner , Wilhelm Spengler and Hans Ernst Schneider , all of whom had a Nazi past, worked as editors for the publishing house. Borwin Vensky-Stalling, grandson of Heinrich Stalling the Elder, joined in 1949. J., joins the management team and gets the publishing license back in the same year. In 1951 the company became Gerhard Stalling AG again . In 1952 the publishing house published Joachim Fernau's debut book Deutschland, Deutschland über alles ... after several rejections from other publishers .
Stalling-Verlag became known in the 1950s and 1960s for printing the Brockhaus Encyclopedia , for maritime books, picture books for children, art books and books by Eric Carle , Pat Mallet (The Little Green Men) and Manfred Schmidt ( Nick Knatterton ). From 1973 to 1976, Arnold Kludas was responsible for the publisher's maritime program as editor and editor.
In order to meet the increasing requirements for the publication of books, the publishing management had acquired further houses in the Ritterstrasse and had a new building built on the company premises. A technical upgrade was also inevitable, in addition to the existing Linotype line typesetting machines, a Monotype department with single letter typesetting machines was created. When the extension building on Ritterstraße was put into operation, all the disadvantages of the narrow location in the city finally became apparent: Vensky therefore bought an undeveloped plot of 16,000 m² on Ammergaustraße / corner of Hochheider Weg in 1954 and gradually left all areas in new buildings there until 1966 move. The previous traditional publishing house in Ritterstrasse was given up and sold to the Horten department store chain, which had a parking garage built at this point after the printing works were demolished.
In the 1970s, the publisher's orders and sales fell steadily despite all efforts, and in 1983 it had to file for bankruptcy . Borwin Vensky managed the publishing house until his death in 1977.
Honoring the publisher's founder
The grave monument of the publisher family is located in the Gertruden churchyard in Oldenburg and bears the following inscription:
“This monument, which was created by the purest love, covers the bones of the printer and paper fabricator GERHARD STALLING, whom death quickly and unexpectedly set a goal in glorious striving and work after a few months earlier a tender granddaughter in the blossoming age went to distant land that had preceded eternity. "
literature
- Gerhard-Stalling-AG Oldenburg: In memory of the centenary celebration of the Gerhard Stalling company in Oldenburg: publishing bookstore, book printer, lithographic institute, lithographic printing company and wholesale paper business; 1789-23. October 1889. Stalling, Oldenburg 1889.
- Eugen Roth: One hundred and fifty years Verlag Gerhard Stalling: 1789–1939; to commemorate the 150th anniversary on October 23, 1939. Oldenburg [1939].
- Werner Storkebaum: 175 years of Gerhard Stalling AG Printing and Publishing House Oldenburg: 1789–1964. Oldenburg [u. a.] 1964.
- State Library Oldenburg: From little Häwelmann to the very hungry caterpillar. The picture books of the Oldenburger Stalling-Verlag 1920 to 1982. Bibliography and catalog for the exhibition 3.11.2004–8.1.2005. State Library Oldenburg, Oldenburg 2004.
- Viktor Otto: "The spiritual precipitation of the national rebirth" - The publisher Heinrich Stalling on the way to the Third Reich . In: Oldenburger Stachel , ZDB -ID 1073687-6 , No. 3/99, p. 5f.
- Rudolf Schmidt: Stalling, Gerhard . In: German booksellers. Deutsche Buchdrucker , Volume 5. Berlin / Eberswalde 1908, pp. 927-929.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j On the history of Stalling-Verlag : 9 pages with a detailed description and many historical pictures, at www.alt-oldenburg.de, accessed on December 29, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d Viktor Otto: The spiritual precipitate of the national rebirth . In: Oldenburger Stachel , No. 3/99.
- ↑ http://www.zeno.org/nid/20011438401 Rudolf Schmidt: German booksellers. German book printer. Volume 5. Berlin / Eberswalde 1908 at zeno.org .
- ↑ View of the publishing and printing complex on page 5 of the online history; accessed on December 29, 2018.
- ↑ Stalling at www.polunbi.de .
- ↑ a b Prof. Dr. Dirk Schumann and Lena Elisa Freitag, MA: Final report on the project: Honors of the University of Göttingen (honorary citizens and doctors) during the Nazi era and how they were dealt with after 1945 , published by the University of Göttingen . Göttingen, August 26, 2014, p. 3 and p. 26–33. ( Excerpt online )
- ↑ Arnold Kludas' author's portrait at Tessloff-Verlag ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 299 kB); Retrieved October 25, 2011.
