Stanislav Kostka Neumann

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
SK Neumann, caricature by František Gellner
Neumann Stanislav Kostka (1875-1947) .jpeg

Stanislav Kostka Neumann (born June 5, 1875 in Prague ; † June 28, 1947 there ) was a Czech poet. He used at least 25 pseudonyms, some of which he also combined with one another.

Life

The son of a lawyer from Prague- Žižkov and a member of the Imperial Council first attended grammar school for a while, a short time later switched to the commercial academy, from which he was expelled. He met with workers and visited the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party in Austria . In 1894 he was sentenced to a year in prison in the Omladina trial as one of the spiritual leaders of the movement. After his release, he published his first poetic work Nemesis, bonorum custos , written in Latin , strongly influenced by Josef Svatopluk Machar . He repeatedly visited mining workers in the Teplitz - Brüx - Komotau lignite district and became the leader of the anarchist groups around František Gellner , Fráňa Šrámek , Karel Toman and Jiří Mahen .

In 1904 he went to Vienna and experienced the crisis of anarchism in the struggle for universal suffrage. In 1905 he moved to Řečkovice , later to Bílovice nad Svitavou in Moravia and lived mainly from his press articles. In Moravia he got to know nature and turned away from anarchism. Together with the brothers Karel and Josef Čapek , he was involved in the creation of the almanac.

He experienced World War I at the front in Albania . After the demobilization he became editor of the daily newspaper Voice of the People (Hlas národa). In the 1920s Neumann was involved in founding the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and devoted himself increasingly to proletarian poetry. In 1929 he was expelled from the party after signing the Manifesto of the Seven . In 1938 his party membership was renewed; Neumann then also represented the party's cultural policy. Neumann was one of the driving personalities of the avant-garde group Levá fronta (Left Front), he was editor-in-chief of their eponymous magazine Levá fronta.

In the 1930s he became seriously ill and went to Poděbrady for a cure. During the Second World War he lived in small settlements in order to escape the attention of the Gestapo .

His son is the actor Stanislav Neumann , his great-grandson the documentary filmmaker and photographer Stan Neumann .

Works

The poet, author, publicist, translator, literary and cultural critic worked as an editor for numerous magazines, including Moderní revue , Omladina , Lidové noviny , Tvorba . His early works are influenced by decadent symbolism and individual anarchism. From 1897 to 1905, for example, he published one of the politico-cultural anarchist groups, the magazine New Cult (Nový kult).

His poems, written in the spirit of vitalism and civilism, made the greatest impression . In the period between the two world wars, when he was also involved in the Communist Party , he wrote agitation and combat poetry, the “proletarian poetry” also known as workers' literature , but also philosophical collections against fascism . Some of his books also contain intimate poetry, which he himself attacked in his reviews.

He fought against the petty bourgeoisie, in his poems he praised people, life, the earth, the sun, joy and beauty.

Published works

  • Nemesis, bonorum custos, 1895 (Justice [is] the protector of the good)
  • Apostrofy hrdé a vášnivé, 1896 (Proud and passionate apostrophes)
  • Jsem apoštol nového žití, 1896 (I am the apostle of the new life)
  • Satanova sláva mezi námi, 1897 (The devil's glory among us)
  • Sen o zástupu zoufajících, 1903 (Dream of the band of desperate people)
  • Hrst květů z různých sezón, 1907 (A handful of flowers from different seasons)
  • Socialism a svoboda, 1909 (Socialism and Freedom)
  • České zpěvy, 1910 (Czech chants)
  • Kniha lesů, vod a strání, 1914 (The Book of Forests, Waters and Slopes)
  • Bohyně, světice, ženy, 1915 (goddesses, saints, women)
  • Nové zpěvy, 1918 (New Chants)
  • Třicet zpěvů z rozvratu, 1918 (30 songs from the turning point)
  • Pozdrav Tomáši G. Masarykovi, 1918 (greetings to Tomáš G. Masaryk)
  • Knihy mládí a vzdoru, 1920 (Books of Youth and Defiance)
  • Ať žije život, 1920 (Long live life!)
  • Elbasan, 1922 ( Elbasan )
  • S městem za zády, 1922–23 (With the city behind us)
  • Rudé zpěvy, 1923 (Red Chants)
  • Válčení civilistovo, 1925 (Civilians' wars)
  • Bragožda a jiné válečné vzpomínky, 1928 (Bragožda and other war memories)
  • Francouzská revoluce, 1929 (French Revolution)
  • Crisis národa, 1930 (Crisis of the Nation)
  • Dějiny ženy, 1931 (story of women)
  • Monogamy. Od Masaryka k Russelovi, od Russela k socialismu, 1932
  • Zlatý oblak, 1932 (Golden Cloud)
  • Enciány z Popa Ivana, 1933 (Enzian by Pop Ivan)
  • Láska, 1933 (love)
  • Srdce a mračna, 1935 (heart and clouds)
  • Anti-Gide neboli Optimismus bez pověr a iluzí, 1937 (Anti-Gide or optimism without superstition and illusion)
  • Sonáta horizontálního života, 1937 (Sonata on Horizontal Life)
  • Bezedný rok, 1938 (year without a bottom)
  • Zamořená léta, 1945 (Contaminated Years)
  • Dějiny lásky, [1946] (The Story of Love)

Translations

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ sigma.nkp.cz  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Directory of pseudonyms from SK Neumann (National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed on October 22, 2013)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / sigma.nkp.cz  
  2. ↑ Jaroslav Váňa: Levá fronta včera a dnes , in: Obrys-Kmen, 34/2004, weekly magazine of the Unie českých spisovatelů (Union of Czech Writers), online at: obrys-kmen.cz / ...

source

Web links

Commons : Stanislav Kostka Neumann  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Neumann, Stanislav Kostka
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech poet
DATE OF BIRTH June 5, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1947
Place of death Prague