Star flowers

Star flowers
	Spring star flower ( Ipheion uniflorum )
Systematics
	Monocots
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae)
Subfamily :	Leek family (Allioideae)
Tribe :	Gilliesieae
Genre :	Star flowers
Scientific name
	Ipheion
	Raf.

The star flowers ( Ipheion ) form a genus of plants in the subfamily of the leek family (Allioideae). The only three species since 2010 are common in South America . In many countries, one species is an invasive plant .

use

In the genus Ipheion there are few species that are beautiful ornamental plants for the garden.

description

Spring star flower ( Ipheion uniflorum ).

Ipheion species are perennial herbaceous plants . The plants smell like garlic when injured. These geophytes form individual onions with a covering ("tunic") without daughter onions as persistence organs. They have a leafless dormancy in summer, although they mostly come from areas that have year-round rainfall. The roots are fleshy. The leaves are alternate and usually arranged spirally in a basal rosette. The sessile, simple, parallel- veined leaves are linear and flat. The leaf margin is smooth.

The inflorescence stem is hollow. The originally golden inflorescences usually contain only one flower. No bulbs are formed in the inflorescences. The two bracts are partially fused and protect the buds when they are in bud. The stalked, hermaphrodite, radial symmetry flowers are threefold. The six identical bloom cladding sheets are fused with narrow tubes at their base. The free areas of the bracts are spread out in a star shape. The colors of the bracts range from white to purple to blue. There are two circles with three fertile stamens each. They are free from one another, but fused with the bracts. The stamens are straight. The three carpels are a top permanent ovary fused with many (20 to 50) ovules per ovary chamber. The style ends in a short three-lobed scar. There are septal nectaries. Pollination occurs by insects ( entomophilia ). The onion is hardy and can stay in the ground all year round. However, the leaves are slightly sensitive to frost, which is why they should be covered against frost as a precaution.

Cylindrical capsule fruits are formed that contain many seeds. The oil-containing seeds, black due to phytomelans, are winged.

Systematics

Constantine Samuel Rafinesque published the genus Ipheion 1837 in Flora Telluriana 2, 12. The genus Ipheion belongs to the tribe Ipheieae in the subfamily of Gilliesioideae within the family of leek plants (Alliaceae).

Especially the yellow-flowered species, which some authors classify in the Ipheion , belong to the genus Nothoscordum , for example Nothoscordum sellowianum or Nothoscordum dialystemon . In 1963, Hamilton P. Traub moved all Ipheion species to Tristagma , this was not adopted by most authors.

The genus Ipheion contains only three species since 2010:

Ipheion recurvifolium (CHWright) grape : It is distributed in central Chile , the Argentine Chaco and in Uruguay .

Ipheion tweedieanum (Baker) grape : It is distributed from northeast Argentina to Uruguay.

Spring star flower or single flower star flower , single flower spring star , pampas lily ( Ipheion uniflorum (Graham) Raf. , Syn .: Ipheion uniflorum (Lindl.) Raf. , Triteleia uniflora Lindl. , Milla uniflora Graham , Tristagma uniflora (Graham) grape , Brodia (Lindl.) Engl. ): It is common in southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina .

swell

Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues Souza, Orfeo Crosa, Marcelo Guerra: Karyological circumscription of Ipheion Rafinesque (Gilliesioideae, Alliaceae) , In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 287, Issue 3–4, 2010 pp. 119–127. Abstract online.
J. Gathe, Leslie Watson: Ipheion. : Western Australian Flora online.
DC Godden: Ipheion. : New South Wales Flora online .

Individual evidence

↑ star flower. Retrieved January 13, 2020 .
^ Ipheion at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
^ Ipheion in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ipheion - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 21, 2014
↑ Walter Erhardt, Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great zander. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .

Web links

Commons : Ipheion - collection of images, videos and audio files

Ipheion at the pacificbulbsociety.
Ipheion at the bulbsociety.

[1] star flower. Retrieved January 13, 2020 .

[Tropicos-2] Ipheion at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

[GRIN-3] Ipheion in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 28, 2014.

[WCSP-4] Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ipheion - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 21, 2014

[Zander2008-5] Walter Erhardt, Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great zander. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .