Abbey Parish Church of St. Philip and Jacob (Altötting)

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The parish and collegiate church of St. Philip and Jacob
Stiftspfarrkirche St.Philipp und Jakob

The Stiftspfarrkirche St. Philipp und Jakob is a late Gothic hall church in the Upper Bavarian pilgrimage town of Altötting . The large collegiate monastery cloister with several chapels is attached .

Buildings and history

First churches and renovations

The first collegiate parish church of Altötting collegiate monastery (1228 / 31–1803) was consecrated to Saints St. Philip and Jacob in 1245 and built on the foundations of an older monastery church, the first building of which was in turn around 877 by Karlmann , the king a. a. by Bavaria .

The church as it is today

In 1489 pilgrimages to Altötting began and the large number of pilgrims made it necessary to build a larger church. After the laying of the foundation stone on August 1, 1499 under provost Johannes Mair (1488–1508), the current church was built as the last late Gothic hall church in the Bavarian region. The consecration took place on September 28th and 29th, 1511 by Bishop Berthold Pürstinger von Chiemsee . Its builders were Ulrich Häntler and Jörg Perger , who lived in Burghausen .

From the previous building from the 13th century, the two towers, the vestibule with the gallery above, and the south wall have been preserved. The lavishly carved door leaves of the north and south portals from the beginning of the 16th century bear figural reliefs. After this work, their creator is referred to as the master of the Altöttinger doors .

The church is located in the immediate vicinity of the Gnadenkapelle on the southern edge of the Kapellplatz . It is 52 meters long, 18 meters wide and 13 meters high in the central nave. The slender towers are 48 meters high. The residence of the former Stiftspröpste is directly attached to it.

Cloister and chapels

A rear portal on the right-hand nave wall of the church leads to the cloister with its attached chapels (including the Tilly crypt).

Furnishing

High altar, chapels and special features

The high altar was created around 1800. The classicistic altarpiece from 1791 is by Johann Jakob Dorner the Elder. Ä. and shows Mary as the helper of Christianity. Next to it are the somewhat older figures of St. Rupert and Sebastian .

  • View through the nave

  • High altar

In the interior there is a grandfather clock with the figure of the death of Altötting near the north portal .

A monumental crucifix from the environment of the Landshut carver Hans Leinberger has been preserved from the first furnishing phase . Today it is attached to the north wall, but originally crowned the richly decorated late Gothic rood screen (removed in 1618). The choir stalls, which were built between 1507 and 1513, were dismantled in 1791 and partially converted into stairs and shutters (today in the Bavarian National Museum ).

Until 2008, the Goldene Rössl , a major work of Parisian court art around 1400, was kept in the church's late Gothic treasury. On September 11, 2006, Pope Benedict XVI dedicated On the occasion of his visit to Altötting, the treasury was converted into a chapel of worship to emphasize what the greatest treasure of Christendom is.

To the south of the church is the cloister of the former Augustinian monastery , which has four chapels in addition to many memorial stones. The most famous of these is the Tilly Chapel, where Marshal Tilly is buried with some relatives. The Tilly Chapel (original parish church of St. Peter) contains stained glass from the 15th century, a Tilly memorial and the Tilly crypt. The “pain chapel” and the baroque Sebastianikapelle (built in 1670 by Domenico Zuccalli ) can be found on the upper floor .

organ

Organ brochure from 1724

The main organ was built in 2000 by the organ building company Thomas Jann (Allkofen). The instrument has 49 registers with a total of 3473 pipes on three manuals and pedal .

The prospectus comes from the previous organ that Johann Georg Fux built in 1724.

I main work C – a 3
Principal 16 ′
Principal 08th'
Gamba 08th'
Flauto 08th'
Octav 04 ′
Wooden flute 04 ′
Quint 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Super octave 02 ′
Mixture major IV 0 02 ′
Mixture minor II – III 0 01'
Cornett V (from g 0 ) 0 08th'
Trumpet 16 ′
Trumpet 08th'
Tremulant
II Positive C – a 3
Principal 08th'
Dumped 08th'
Praestant 04 ′
recorder 04 ′
Quint 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Forest flute 02 ′
third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Quint 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture IV 0 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Krummhorn 0 08th'
Zymbelstern0
Tremulant
III Swell C – a 3
Bourdon 16 ′
Principal 08th'
Salicional 08th'
Solo flute 08th'
Reed flute 08th'
Vox celeste (from c 0 ) 0 08th'
Transverse flute 04 ′
Fugara 04 ′
Quint 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Piccolo 02 ′
third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Mixture V-VI 02 ′
bassoon 16 ′
Trumpet harm. 0 08th'
oboe 08th'
Clairon harm. 04 ′
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Pedestal 32 ′
Principal 16 ′
Violon 16 ′
Sub-bass 16 ′
Octav 08th'
Gemshorn 08th'
Octav 04 ′
Back set IV 0 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
trombone 16 ′
Trumpet 08th'
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: III / I, III / III
    • Super octave coupling: III / I, III / II, III / III, III / P
  • Playing aids : programmable register crescendo, 2048-fold typesetting system, sequencer

The choir organ consists of the former and romantic "Hechenberger" main organ from 1903/04, which is worth preserving. It was restored by organ builder Thomas Jann and placed again behind the high altar on electropneumatic cone shutters, with a separate new, electric game table in the chancel. The choir organ can be played from the main organ. Both organ works were voiced by chief sounder Andreas Utz.

I main work C – a 3
Bourdon 16 ′
Principal 08th'
Gemshorn 0 08th'
Dumped 08th'
octave 04 ′
Reed flute 04 ′
Nasard 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
octave 02 ′
Cornett III 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture IV 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Trumpet 08th'
II Oberwerk C – a 3
Violin principal 08th'
Lovely Gedackt 08th'
Salicional 08th'
Vox Coelestis (from 0 ) 0 08th'
Italian principal 04 ′
Transverse flute 04 ′
Piccolo 02 ′
Fifth 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture IV 02 ′
oboe 08th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Fifth 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Principal 08th'
Bass flute 08th'
cello 08th'
Chorale bass 0 04 ′
Octavino 02 ′
trombone 16 ′

Bells

The two pointed, octagonal towers house five bells that were cast in 1963 by Rudolf Perner zu Passau. The tall striker weighs 3,710 kilograms with a diameter of 1.80 meters and sounds on the strike note a 0 . This bell, dedicated to the Patrona Bavariae , hangs separately in the south tower. The other bells in the tones c sharp 1 , e 1 , f sharp 1 and a 1 are in the north tower. With this disposition, a reference to the first notes of the Salve Regina has been sought.

literature

  • Markus T. Huber: About "marble columns" and "crazy altars". The late Gothic rood screen of the Altötting collegiate church and its relics . In: Passauer Jahrbuch, vol. 58, Passau 2016, pp. 221–237.
  • Markus T. Huber: The late Gothic choir furnishings of the Altöttinger collegiate church. Rood screen, choir stalls, high altar . In: Munich Yearbook of Fine Arts. 3. F., Vol. 61, Munich 2010, pp. 23-48.
  • Catholic Church Foundation St. Philippus and Jakobus, Altötting (Hrsg.): The Altöttinger Stiftspfarrkirche St. Philippus und Jakobus . Altötting 2010.

Web links

Commons : Sankt Philipp und Jakob (Altötting)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Altötting - "Collegiate Foundation in the Heart of Old Bavaria" in the database of monasteries in Bavaria in the House of Bavarian History
  2. ↑ More information about the organs of the collegiate parish church

Coordinates: 48 ° 13 ′ 32.2 "  N , 12 ° 40 ′ 34.3"  E