Stob
| Stob (Стоб) | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Bulgaria
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| Oblast : | Kyustendil | ||||
| Residents : | 765 (2008) | ||||
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 6 ′ N , 23 ° 6 ′ E | ||||
| Height : | 655 m | ||||
| Postal code : | 2638 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+359) 07058 | ||||
| License plate : | KH | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Konstadin Katradschiev | ||||
Stob ( Bulgarian Стоб ) is a village in western Bulgaria in Kyustendil Oblast , in the municipality of Kocherinovo .
geography
The village lies at the western foot of the Rila mountain range in ( Bulgarian Кочериновско поле , Kotscherinowoer field ' ) or, Rilatrog' ( Bulgarian Рилско корито Rilsko korito ) called valley some 370 meters above sea level at a junction of the road from kocherinovo to Rila Monastery on both sides of the Rila River. The closest settlements are the towns of Kotscherinowo in the west and Rila in the northeast, each about 5 km away, and the village of Porominowo 2 km in the southwest. The village is 96 km from Sofia and can be reached via the E-79 (Sofia-Athens), from which the road to the Rila Monastery branches off.
The natural phenomenon of the pyramids of Stob - a gigantic stone formation made of bizarre, heavily weathered sandstone pyramids - is located 2 km east of the village and is similar to the sandstone pyramids of Melnik . The picturesque sandstone pyramids of Stob cover an area of 7.4 hectares and were declared a protected natural object of Bulgaria in 1964.
history
Antiquity
The village is on the site of the earlier city, at times also fortress, Stobi , a presumably Thracian, d. H. pre-Roman foundation. According to local legends, the city disappeared after a flood and this was how the Thracians were freed from their sins.
In the vicinity of Stob the remains of a number of ancient buildings have been discovered, as well as water pipes, clay vessels, coins (gold, silver, copper, Roman, Byzantine, Bulgarian). In the vicinity of the neighboring village of Pomorinowo, as far as the ancient city reached, old Roman objects were excavated, and the remains of a Roman temple for the god Dionysus were discovered. The cultural layers of the archaeological finds near the village of Stob contain ceramics from the Hellenistic era and unique Celtic ceramics.
In AD 46 the Roman Empire subjugated the Thracian tribes south of the Danube and included them in the imperial borders. The most important finds from this period have been made along the Rila River. From the village of Stob to the confluence of the Rila River in the Struma, remains of ancient houses and clay pots were found in the area of the river valley and the mountain slopes, which provide information about the everyday life and the way of life of the Thracian tribes who once lived here.
middle Ages
The documents of the Third Council of Constantinople 680 contain papers signed by the "sinful Bishop of the Stobi". In this document it is stated that the mentioned city of Stobi lies on the Rila River, which confirms the connection between Stobi and the present-day village of Stob. At the beginning of the 9th century the city belonged to the 1st Bulgarian Empire of Khan Krum . Stob was subordinate to the Bishop of Welbâschd (today's Kjustendil ) and the Archbishop of Ochrid . Documents of the Byzantine emperor Basil II. The slayer of Bulgarians from the year 1019 testify to this . In one of these documents it is pointed out that Stobi was the center of the episcopal district of Welbâschd.
In 1189/90 Stobi is mentioned as a fortress, which the Serbian grandzupan Stefan Nemanja had taken. In 1254 this area became part of the Nikaia Empire by John III. connected. During the reign of Ivan Alexander (1331-1371), Byzantine rule over the city was ended. A cross with an inscription from 1371 was discovered in the Zârkwischteto area. The first mention of the place in the old Bulgarian language dates back to 1378: ( ГРАДЪ СТѠБЪ ). It is a deed of donation ( bull ) of Tsar Ivan Schischmans dated September 21, 1378 in favor of this monastery in the form of a solemn message, written in vermilion and marked with a gold stamp, as was customary in neighboring Byzantium. Throughout the Middle Ages, Stob played an important role as a fortress in an area disputed between Serbia , Bulgaria and Byzantium as well as local feudal lords. Stob existed as an "inner city" in the fortress at that time. It is not known whether the outer city was also fortified. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the road branching off the Via Egnatia via Serres and Melnik along the Struma to Welbâschd, today's European route, ran through Stob. Another road branched off here, leading via Morobisdon, today's Morodvis, to Štip . All of these roads were important transportation routes for a well-functioning military communication system.
Modern times
When the military importance of the square disappeared with the incorporation into the Ottoman Empire , the fortress fell into disrepair and the former city became a village. In 1576 the settlement was named Istob and Istub in Ottoman documents .
Konstantin Jireček distinguished the medieval city of Stob from other cities with the names Stobi and Stubion in his book Journeys through Bulgaria, first published in 1888 ( Bulgarian Пътувания по България Pâtuwanija po Bâlgaria ). He wrote that above the village you can see the ruins of an old fortress, of which "a piece of a tower with windows remains". This tower was called "Petrowa kula" ( Bulgarian Петрова кула ).
The Chitalishte Samoobrasowanie ( Bulgar . “Самообразование”) was founded in 1914 in Stob. In the village there is a memorial in honor of the soldiers who fell during the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) and during the First World War (1915–1918). In the western part of the village there is the Church of Saint Prokop ( Bulgarian Св. Прокопий ), which is said to be the only one of its name in Bulgaria.
The village has been namesake for the Stob Glacier in Grahamland on the Antarctic Peninsula since 2012 .
gallery
View from the pyramids of Stob to the town of Stob, in the foreground the path along the mountain ridge, behind the fence on the left is part of the sand (stone) pyramids
The pyramids of Stob
Church "Saint Prokop" ( Bulgarian Св. Прокопий ) and steeple
War memorial
chapel
Entrance
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Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Anna M Čoleva-Dimitrova: Selištni imena ot jugozapadna Bǎlgarija: izsledvane, rečnik . 1st edition. Pensoft, Sofia 2002, ISBN 954-642-168-5 , pp. 171–172 (Bulgarian, settlement names of southwestern Bulgaria: Study. Dictionary.).
- ↑ Kiril Falin: Вкаменени сватбари на Пирамидите в Стоб. In: trud. Vestnikarska Grupa Bŭlgariya OOD, archived from the original on June 22, 2015 ; Retrieved June 21, 2015 (Bulgarian).