Krakow tram
Krakow tram | |
---|---|
Type NGT8 low-floor articulated tram in Krakow | |
Basic information | |
Country | Poland |
city | Krakow |
opening | 1882 |
operator | MPK Kraków |
Infrastructure | |
Route length | 97 km |
Gauge | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
Power system | 600 V = overhead line |
Stops | 78 |
Tunnel stations | 2 |
Depots | 3 |
business | |
Lines | 27 |
Line length | 343 km |
vehicles | 208 |
Top speed | 70 km / h |
statistics | |
Passengers | 185 million per year (2010) |
Mileage | 14.0 million km per year |
The Kraków tram is the rail-bound local transport system of the southern Polish city of Kraków ( Kraków in Polish ).
history
In 1881 the Belgian company Compagnie Generale de Chemins de Fer Secondaires received a 45-year concession from the city of Krakow to operate a horse-drawn railway line . As a special feature, the operator chose the rarely used track width of 900 mm. The commissioning took place in October 1882. The Austrian Ministry of Railways issued with the Reichsgesetzblatt RGBl. 90/1900 a concession for the operation of a network of electric-powered narrow-gauge small railroad lines in Krakow . In 1901 the first line was switched to electrical operation.
From 1913 a second tram network was built in the usual standard gauge . The Ministry of Railways revoked the concession for the narrow-gauge lines partially with RGBl. 32/1916. In the RGBl. In 72/1916 the Ministry of Railways announced the concession of several standard-gauge small railway lines to be operated with electric power in the area of the royal capital Krakow .
Networks of both gauges existed in Krakow for four decades until the last narrow-gauge line was shut down in 1952. Remnants of track have been preserved in the old town to this day.
In 1952 the Krakow tram network was expanded to include a connection to Nowa Huta . For the history of the last few years, the construction of an underground route under the main train station and the creation of express tram routes are particularly significant. Express tram lines are highlighted in the line scheme with numbers from 50. This express tram line is also known as the Krakow light rail .
business
Today the Krakow tram appears as a modern, contemporary inner-city means of transport with a high proportion of new low-floor vehicles . In addition, used trams from Vienna , Düsseldorf and Nuremberg as well as older trains from Polish production are in use.
The historic tram 37 from 1913 is reminiscent of tram history in the old Austrian era - the vehicle is similar in design to contemporary Viennese vehicles, especially type H.
Lines
List of tram lines in Krakow (June 2016). There are currently 27 lines and one museum line - the "0". Numbers 50 and 52 are rapid transit lines, 62–69 are night lines, and numbers 81 and up are reserved for the special All Saints' Day lines on November 1st.
literature
- Hans Lenhart, Claude Jeanmaire: Tram companies in Eastern Europe. Tramway systems of Eastern Europe. Verlag Eisenbahn, Villigen, 1975 and 1977.
- Part I: Trams in the GDR and Poland, ISBN 3-85649-025-6 .
- Part II. Trams in socialist countries, ISBN 3-85649-032-9 .
- Robert Schwandl: Tram Atlas Poland Poland . 1st edition. Robert Schwandl Verlag, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-936573-50-3 , pp. 54–63 , chapter Kraków (German, English).
Web links
- Network map of the Krakow tram at urbanrail.net
- Krakow Public Transport website
- private websites about trams in Krakow (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?apm=0&aid=rgb&date=19000004&seite=00000174&size=45
- ↑ http://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?apm=0&aid=rgb&date=19160004&seite=00000165&size=45
- ↑ http://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?apm=0&aid=rgb&date=19160004&seite=00000165&size=45
- ↑ http://rozklady.mpk.krakow.pl/
- ↑ Special network map of the Krakow tram for November 1, 2016 at mpk.krakow.pl, accessed on October 29, 2018