Torrent chamois

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Torrent chamois
Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Senecioneae
Genre : Chamois root ( Doronicum )
Type : Torrent chamois
Scientific name
Doronicum cataractarum
Aries

The torrent-Gämswurz ( Doronicum cataractarum ) is only on the Koralpe occurring plant of the family Asteraceae .

features

The torrent chamois is a hemicryptophyte . It is at least 80 cm high and can reach 130 cm. It does not form runners. The rhizome is woody and slightly to very hairy. The basal leaves are present at the time of flowering. Their blade is 10 to 20 cm wide, mostly a little longer than wide. The Spreitengrund is heart-shaped. The upper side of the leaf is bare, the underside is covered with very short hairs and short-stalked glands. The leaves are reminiscent of those of the marsh marigold ( Caltha palustris ). The petiole is once or twice as long as the blade. The stems are bald or sparsely hairy below. They usually have four to ten flower heads. These have a diameter of 4 to 8, rarely up to 10 cm. Flowering time is July to September. The fruit of the ray floret is not wearing a pappus , only the fruits of tubular flowers have a pappus.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 60.

Distribution and locations

The Sturzbach chamois is endemic to the Koralpe in Austria and occurs between the Großer Speikkogel in the south and the Weißwasserbach in the north. It can be found in the upper montane to lower alpine altitude , from 1480 to 1830 m above sea level, only in the Rassinggraben does it descend to around 1270 m.

The main occurrences of the species are subalpine and alpine tall herbaceous meadows . There are secondary occurrences in green alder bushes, in perennial high mountain lawns, in base-rich and low-lime spring meadows in the high areas. It needs locations that are constantly being overrun by cold water. Therefore it occurs mainly in moist to wet tall herbaceous vegetation, preferably over gneiss. It also often grows between blocks of gneiss on the banks of a stream.

Hazard and protection

The species is considered to be potentially endangered in Carinthia and Austria, and in Styria as endangered. In addition to intensive grazing, the causes of danger are digging up and picking of plants.

The Sturzbach chamois is completely protected in Styria and Carinthia. The locations of the Sturzbach chamois are at least partially in the nature reserves Seekar-Bärental on the Styrian side and Koralmkar on the Carinthian side.

Systematics

Doronicum cataractarum was first described by Felix Josef Widder in 1925 . It is morphologically most similar to Doronicum austriacum , within whose area its area is also located. The species was not represented in a molecular genetic-morphological study of the genus Doronicum .

supporting documents

  • Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 (characteristics).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ines Alvarez Fernandez: Systematics of Eurasian and North African Doronicum (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) . Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 90, 2003, pp. 319-389. doi : 10.2307 / 3298534
  2. ↑ a b c d Wolfgang Rabitsch, Franz Essl: Endemiten - Precious items in Austria's flora and fauna . Natural Science Association for Carinthia and the Federal Environment Agency, Klagenfurt and Vienna 2009. ISBN 978-3-85328-049-2 , pp. 123f.
  3. ↑ Ordinance of the Styrian state government of May 14, 2007 on the protection of wild plants, naturally wild animals including birds (species protection ordinance) , LGBL. No. 40/2007 (RIS) ( Memento of the original dated October 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ris.bka.gv.at
  4. ↑ Ordinance of the Carinthian Provincial Government of January 30, 2007, Zl. 15-NAT-81/16/2007, on the protection of wild plants (Plant Species Protection Ordinance) , LGBl. 9/2007 (pdf)
  5. ↑ Steiermärkische Landesregierung ( Memento of the original from April 30, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 20, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.verwaltung.steiermark.at
  6. ^ Helmut Hartl, Hans Sampl, Ralf Unkart: Treasures of Carinthia. National parks, nature reserves, landscape reserves, natural monuments . Kärntner Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Klagenfurt 1993, ISBN 3-85391-092-0 , p. 194.
  7. ↑ FJ Aries: A new plant of the Eastern Alps - Doronicum (Subsectio Macrophylla) cataractarum and its relatives. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 113-184.
  8. ↑ Ines Alvarez Fernandez, Javier Fuertes Aguilar, Jose L. Panero, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner: A Phylogenetic Analysis of Doronicum (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) Based on Morphological, Nuclear Ribosomal (ITS), and Chloroplast (trnL-F) Evidence . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Vol. 20, 2001, pp. 41-64. doi : 10.1006 / mpev.2001.0954

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