Marsh Ragwort

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Marsh Ragwort
Marsh Ragwort (Jacobaea paludosa)

Marsh Ragwort ( Jacobaea paludosa )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Senecioneae
Genre : Jacobaea
Type : Marsh Ragwort
Scientific name
Jacobaea paludosa
( L. ) G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb.

The marsh ragwort ( Jacobaea paludosa (L.) G.Gaertn. & Al. , Syn . : Senecio paludosus L. ) is a species of the genus Jacobaea .

description

illustration
inflorescence
Habit, leaves and inflorescences

Vegetative characteristics

The marsh ragwort grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 50 to 200 centimeters. Creeping rhizomes are formed. The stem leaves are undivided, oval to ruler-lanceolate, irregularly sharply toothed and seated to half-stem-encompassing eyelets, about 7 to 15 times as long as wide. The underside of the leaf is gray-tomentose.

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Generative characteristics

The entire inflorescence contains many flower heads . The flower heads have a diameter of three to rarely four centimeters. The outer shell is seven to twelve leaved. A flower head contains 9 to 18, rarely up to 20 light yellow ray florets . 3–4 mm long achenes with pappus are formed.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40.

Occurrence

The main distribution area of the marsh ragwort is in subcontinental Europe. There are outposts well advanced in eastern Spain and the Rhone Delta . The area stretches in the south from central France over the western Alps and the Po Valley to Thrace on the Black Sea, in the north from England via southern Sweden and Estonia to northern Russia . In the east only including the European part of Russia.

The marsh ragwort thrives best on wet, humus-rich, nitrogen-rich clay soils . It endures temporary flooding. It colonizes the reed beds of standing or slowly flowing waters, ditches and swamp forests . In the middle and lower reaches of the great rivers and in the Alpine foothills it occurs rarely, but often in loose stands. It is a character species of the Caricetum elatae in Central Europe , but occurs more rarely in other societies of the Magnocaricion association or the Alnetalia or Convolvuletalia orders.

Systematics

The first publication took place in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Senecio paludosus by Carl von Linné . The new combination to Jacobaea paludosa (L.) G.Gaertn. & al. was published in 1801 by Gottfried Gaertner , Bernhard Meyer and Johannes Scherbius in the Oekonomische Flora der Wetterau , Volume 3, 1, p. 211. Further synonyms for Jacobaea paludosa (L.) G.Gaertn. & al. are: Senecio bohemicus Tausch , Senecio riparius Wallr. , Senecio paludosus subsp. bohemicus (exchange) Čelak. , Senecio paludosus subsp. tomentosus Čelak. non WDJKoch . The specific epithet paludosa means swamp.

The form-rich species Jacobaea paludosa is divided by some authors into several, albeit difficult to distinguish subspecies:

  • Jacobaea paludosa (L.) G. Gaertn. & al. subsp. paludosa : It occurs in Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Slovakia, Belarus, Russia, Moldova, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Sweden.
  • Jacobaea paludosa subsp. angustifolia (Holub) B. North. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio paludosus subsp. Angustifolius Holub ): It occurs in Western, Central and Southeastern Europe in Great Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary , Serbia, Slovakia and Romania.
  • Jacobaea paludosa subsp. lanata (Holub) B. North. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio paludosus subsp. Lanatus Holub , Cineraria aurea L. non Senecio aureus L. , Senecio auratus DC. , Senecio sadleri Sadler , Senecio tataricus Less. ): It occurs in Europe in the Czech Republic , Hungary and Eastern Europe .

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). 2nd corrected and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Siegmund Seybold : The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 95th completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 6 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Asteridae): Valerianaceae to Asteraceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1996, ISBN 3-8001-3343-1 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. Volume 4: nightshade plants to daisy plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-440-06194-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  954 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: Werner Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Datasheet Jacobaea paludosa In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Marsh Ragwort ( Jacobaea paludosa )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files