Bald cypress trees

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Bald cypress trees
Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum var. Distichum)

Bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum var. Distichum )

Systematics
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Coniferopsida
Order : Conifers (Coniferales)
Family : Cypress family (Cupressaceae)
Subfamily : Taxodioideae
Genre : Bald cypress trees
Scientific name
Taxodium
LCRich.

The bald cypress ( Taxodium ) are a plant kind from the family of the cypress family ( Cupressaceae formerly eponymous type of Taxodiaceae ). This genus only includes two species , one of which is deciduous and the other almost evergreen. Their distribution area is limited to the southern USA , Mexico and Guatemala . In Europe, of the two species, the bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum ) can be found in parks. Listed bald cypress avenues are in Beetzendorfer Park and in Brandenburg an der Havel ( Sumpfzypressenallee Grillendamm ).

Since bald cypress wood is in great demand in forestry , its stocks are declining. In earlier geological times, the genus was more widespread. It has been known since the Jura and is found fossil in layers from the Tertiary , for example , which are extracted in German open- cast lignite mines .

Systematics

A distinction is made between the following two recent species in the genus:

Some authors differentiate between three species of bald cypress or only one species with three varieties, since all can form hybrids with one another . According to the WCSP, there are three varieties of one species:

  • Bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum var. Distichum ): It is found in the southeastern and east-central United States.
  • Upright bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum var. Imbricarium (Nutt.) Croom ): Found in the southeastern United States.
  • Mexican bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum var. Mexicanum (Carrière) Gordon & Glend .; Syn .: Taxodium mucronatum Ten. ): It occurs from southern Texas to Mexico and Guatemala.

photos

  • Fossil of a bald cypress ( Taxodium dubium ) from the Hambach opencast mine, eight million years old

  • Mexican bald cypress ( Taxodium mucronatum ): This specimen, the " Tree of Tule ", is located in Santa María del Tule in the state of Oaxaca , Mexico and is the "thickest tree in the world" according to the trunk diameter.

  • Branch of the bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum var. Imbricatum ); the eponymous upright side branches can be clearly seen.

  • Bald cypress tree trunk and bark

  • A bald cypress avenue in Beetzendorf

swell

  • Christopher J. Earle: Taxodium. In: The Gymnosperm Database. December 18, 2010, accessed October 20, 2011 .
  • Walter Erhardt among others: The big pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7

literature

  • Ulrich Terhechte, Wolfgang Spethmann: Monograph of the Taxodiaceae family. Volume 2 of Scientific Wood Monographs, Verlag Gartenbild Hansmann, Rinteln 1996, ISBN 3-928521-09-8

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Beetzendorfer Park website (PDF file; 152 kB), accessed on May 12, 2011
  2. ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Taxodium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 1, 2019.

Web links

Commons : Bald cypress trees ( Taxodium )  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files