Surat (District)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Surat District
District map
State Gujarat
Administrative headquarters : Surat
Area : 4,418 km²
Residents : 6,081,322 (2011)
Population density : 1376 inhabitants / km²
Website : [2]

The district of Surat ( Gujarati : સુરત જિલ્લો ) is a district in the state of Gujarat in India . The city of Surat is the capital of the district. The last census in 2011 showed a total population of 6,081,322 people.

geography

The district is located in the south of Gujarat state . To the west, Surat is bordered by the Gulf of Khambhat , to the south by the Navsari district , to the southeast by the Dang district , to the east and northeast by the state of Maharashtra and to the north by the districts of Bharuch and Narmada . The area belongs to the Gujarat Plain and consists of the areas Khambhat Coast (coastal area), Mangrol Plain (plain), Umarpada Forested Upland (wooded highlands), Tapi Basin (basin), Mindhola-Purna Plain (plain), Kalakakra Hills (hill country) and Chorasi-Palsana Coastal Plain (coastal plain) .

history

The area has been settled for a long time. Historically, it shared the fate of the neighboring regions. Since the 17th century, European powers (British, Dutch and French) had trading bases in the city of Surat. The British finally took over rule around 1800. Until the end of British India, the area belonged to the Bombay Presidency . After independence, Dharampur and Bansada States and part of the former principality of Baroda State were added to the areas under British rule. As early as June 1, 1964, the district shrank by splitting off areas from which the new Valsad district emerged. In 2007 5 of the previous talukas (circles) were separated and the Tapi district was created .

population

The last census in 2011 counted 6,081,322 inhabitants. Of these, 3,402,224 were men (55.95 percent) and 2,679,098 women. Among the Dalits were 2011 158.115 (2.60 percent), the Adivasi 856,952 (14.09 percent) people. Of the total number of residents, 4,849,213 people (79.74 percent) lived in urban areas in 2011. Thus almost 4 out of 5 inhabitants lived in the cities.

District population by gender

As in many parts of India, the percentage of the female population has declined sharply over the past few decades.

Distribution of the population by gender in Surat district

1951 census
1961 census
1971 census
1981 census
1991 census		 2001
CensusA 		2001
CensusB
2011 census
number % number % number % number % number % number % number % number %
TOTAL 1,045,005 100.00 1,313,823 100.00 1,786,924 100.00 2,493,211 100.00 3,397,900 100.00 4,995,174 100.00 4,275,540 100.00 6,081,322 100.00
Men 530,592 50.77 667.616 50.81 917.894 51.37 1,295,708 51.97 1,787,888 52.62 2,722,539 54.50 2,362,072 55.25 3,402,224 55.95
Women 514.413 49.23 646.207 49.19 869.030 48.63 1,197,503 48.03 1,610,012 47.38 2,272,635 45.50 1,913,468 44.75 2,679,098 44.05

Note: In 2007, the Tapi district was created from parts of the previous Surat district. The numbers from 1951 to 2001A refer to the old borders in 2001.

District population by language

A dwindling majority of the Surat district's population speaks Gujarati . Language minorities with more than 100,000 speakers are Hindi, Marathi, Gamti / Gavit, Chodari / Chodri (a Bhil language), Vasava / Vasavi (Gujarati dialect, spoken by Bhil), Urdu and Oriya.

year Gujarati Hindi Marathi Gamti / Gavit Chodhari / Chodri Vasava / Vasavi Urdu Oriya Other languages total
number % number % number % number % number % number % number % number % number % number %
1991 2,723,260 80.15 206.814 6.09 259.814 7.65 4,781 0.14 0 0.00 0 0.00 87,100 2.56 33,287 0.98 82,844 2.44 3,397,900 100.00
2001A 2,838,602 56.83 578.255 11.58 386,367 7.73 267,808 5.36 199,940 4.00 156,660 3.14 106,324 2.13 101,720 2.04 359,498 7.20 4,995,174 100.00
2001B 2,709,612 63.37 558.234 13.06 367.502 8.60 27,473 0.64 98,994 2.32 79,081 1.85 105.010 2.46 101,433 2.37 228.201 5.34 4,275,540 100.00
Source: India Censuses 1991 and 2001; In 1991 Chodari / Chodri and Vasava / Vasavi were completely assigned, Gamti / Gavit mostly assigned to Gujarati // 2001A with Tapi, 2001B today's area

Population of the district by confession

The majority of the residents profess Hinduism. The only significant religious minority are the Muslims with around 11 percent of the population. Small minorities, each with more than 10,000 believers, are the Christians and Buddhists. The following table shows the exact religious composition of the population:

year Buddhists Christians Hindus Jainas Muslims Sikhs Other not specified total
number % number % number % number % number % number % number % number % number %
1991A 5,590 0.16 31,787 0.80 3,003,822 75.13 37,454 0.94 311,870 7.80 2,518 0.06 4,671 0.12 188 0.00 3,397,900 100.00
1991B 5,307 0.19 6,046 0.22 2,419,487 87.32 35,973 1.30 297,222 10.73 2,377 0.09 4,332 0.16 177 0.01 2,770,921 100.00
2001A 10,376 0.21 83,382 1.67 4,350,795 87.10 86,607 1.73 447,951 8.97 4.124 0.08 5,957 0.12 5,982 0.12 4,995,174 100.00
2001B 9,519 0.22 15,953 0.37 3,722,801 87.07 84,758 1.98 430.405 10.07 4,009 0.09 5,061 0.12 3,034 0.07 4,275,540 100.00
2011 12,902 0.21 21,052 0.35 5,260,193 86.50 112,835 1.86 660.772 10.87 5,703 0.09 3,920 0.06 3,945 0.06 6,081,322 100.00
Source: 1991, 2001 and 2011 census results in India; A area until 2007, B area today

Population development

As everywhere in India, the population in the Surat district grew strongly over decades. The increase was 42.24 percent between the last two censuses and is also significant in absolute terms. From 2001 to 2011 the population increased by more than 1.8 million people. The following table shows the exact numbers in today's limits:

On September 27, 5 of the then 15 Talukas (districts) split off in the east of the previous district and formed the new district of Tapi . The population development in the old borders looked like this:

Significant places

The most populous town in the district is the main town of Himatnagar with more than 80,000 inhabitants. Another city with more than 50,000 residents is Modasa. There are also a few other places with over 10,000 inhabitants.

Distribution urban and rural population

Surat is one of the very urban districts within the state.

Urban and rural population in Surat District
1951 census 1961 census 1971 census 1981 census 1991 census 2001 census
number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of
TOTAL 1,045,005 100% 1,313,823 100% 1,786,924 100% 2,493,211 100% 3,397,900 100% 4,995,174 100%
CITY 261,425 25.02% 345.148 26.27% 546.052 30.56% 1,024,817 41.10% 1,657,062 48.77% 2,995,817 59.97%
COUNTRY 783.580 74.98% 968.675 73.73% 1,240,872 69.44% 1,468,394 58.90% 1,740,838 51.23% 1,999,357 40.03%
within the limits until September 27, 2007

Urbanization has increased dramatically over the past few decades. This is because of the city of Surat, whose population is growing enormously. After the rural eastern part of the then Surat district split off, today's district is in the top group in India when it comes to urbanization. The following table shows the development within today's limits (since September 27, 2007):

Urban and rural population in what is now the Surat District
1991 census 2001 census 2011 census
number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of
TOTAL 2,770,921 100% 4,275,540 100% 6,081,322 100%
CITY 1,592,688 57.48% 2,926,304 68.44% 4,849,213 79.74%
COUNTRY 1,178,233 42.52% 1,349,158 31.56% 1.232.109 20.26%
within the limits since September 27, 2007

education

Despite significant efforts, the goal of full literacy has not yet been achieved. There are also huge differences. While more than 9 out of 10 people can read and write in urban areas, only 7 out of 10 people can read and write in rural areas. The following table shows the development:

Literacy in Surat District
unit VZ 1991 2001 census 2011 census
proportion of number proportion of number proportion of
TOTAL 64.36% 3,206,404 77.62% 4,571,410 85.53%
Men 72.61% 1,914,423 83.83% 2,687,468 89.56%
Women 55.13% 1,291,981 69.87% 1,883,942 80.37%
TOTAL CITY 75.93% 2.130.288 82.81% 3,730,966 87.74%
City men 82.53% 1,289,798 88.02% 2,217,453 91.14%
City women 68.02% 840.490 75.89% 1,513,513 83.19%
TOTAL COUNTRY 52.63% 1,076,116 66.37% 840.444 76.92%
Country men 61.88% 624.625 73.89% 470.015 82.76%
Country women 42.94% 451.491 58.21% 370.429 70.60%

economy

The majority of the working population is employed in service companies and industrial companies. There are thousands of service companies and industries - especially in and around the city of Surat. Agriculture is becoming less and less important.

administration

The Surat district comprises 10 talukas. These are:

  • Bardoli, Choryasi, Kamrej, Mahuva, Mandvi, Mangrol, Olpad, Palsana, Surat and Umarpada

In the 2011 census, the 18 towns were opposed to a total of 1264 villages. 1167 of these villages were inhabited.

Web links

Commons : Surat District  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Result of the 2011 census
  2. ↑ [1]

Coordinates: 20 ° 55 '  N , 73 ° 3'  E