Töplitz (island)
| Töplitz | ||
|---|---|---|
| Waters | Havel | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 26 '16 " N , 12 ° 55' 4" E | |
|
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| length | 3 km | |
The island of Töplitz is an inhabited island in the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark ( Brandenburg ). It belongs entirely to Töplitz , a district of the city of Werder (Havel) .
location
Töplitz is approx. 15 km west of the Potsdam city center and approx. 6 km north of the center of Werder (Havel). In the east the Wublitz borders the island, in the north the Sacrow-Paretz Canal and the Schlänitzsee . To the south, Töplitz is bounded by the Havel with the Großer Zernsee and to the southwest by the Havel with the Kleiner Zernsee . To the west, Töplitz borders the Havel and the Göttinsee .
The island is crossed by the A 10 motorway at exit 24 Leest, which leads south-west over the 704 m long Havel bridge.
history
The name Töplitz appears for the first time in the documents in 1313, when the pastor Wromold von Töplitz appeared as a witness during a transfer of goods from Johann von Bredow to the Kaland in Spandau . The island or "Werder" Töplitz itself was first mentioned in 1318, when the Brandenburg margrave Waldemar sold the island of Töplitz to the Lehnin monastery. The only exception to this was apparently the town of Töplitz, which later became Alt Töplitz. It was not until 1321 that Duke Rudolf I of Saxony-Wittenberg sold his rights as an upper feudal lord to Töplitz for 10 marks to the Lehnin monastery. However, the place belonged to his fiefdom Henning v. Gröben, whom he was told by a knight Arnold v. Sack had bought. It is not known when this place came under full control of the monastery. In any case, the island of Töplitz has since been owned by the Lehnin monastery or, after its secularization, by the Lehnin office .
Places on the island
In the 19th century, the former monastery and official villages of Göttin, Leest and Neu Töplitz became independent communities on the island. The main town of the island is the town of Alt-Töplitz (only called Töplitz in the Middle Ages and early modern times) with its Protestant church, New Apostolic church, elementary school, daycare center and a gallery of the Havelland Art Association. Leest has a Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons ). Neu Töplitz did not emerge until the turn of the 18th century from a former cloister courtyard or administrative office. For a long time, the goddess was almost exclusively a fishing village. The Eichholz residential area was formed at the beginning of the 19th century from a small settlement of hop farmers.
landscape
The island of Töplitz is characterized by swamp forests and meadows to Ice Age gullies and moraine hills. The area on the Havel is relatively flat and consists mainly of meadows. The interior of the island is higher up with extensive moraine hills, for example the Black Mountains, the Eichholzberge, the Heineberge, the Mühlenberg, Weinberg and Hasselberg. The small river Wublitz is an Ice Age channel, as is the Mittelbruch, which runs through the middle of Töplitz. Swamp forests are z. B. directly on the bank of the Wublitz, also in the depression of the Mittelbruch and on the Speckgraben. The moraines are mainly occupied by extensive mixed forests when they are not used for agriculture or cultivated.
Agriculture
The island is characterized by cattle farming (e.g. Breite Wiesen and Wolfsbruch) and arable farming (e.g. Zehn Ruten, Heineberg and Kaltenhausen). In addition, there are still a few orchards, because during the times of the GDR the island was mainly used as a fruit-growing area, from which the name Cherry Island Töplitz comes. Since then, almost all of the orchards have gradually been cut down so that the fields can be used again for growing grain. Wine has recently been grown again on the vineyard in Neu-Töplitz.
literature
- Reinhard E. Fischer : Brandenburg name book. Part 1: Zauche. Böhlau, Weimar 1967, p. 96.
- Peter R. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg part V Zauch-Belzig. Böhlau, Weimar 1977, pp. 321-322.
- Marie-Luise Buchinger and Marcus Cante: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany Monuments in Brandenburg District Potsdam Mittelmark Bd.14.1 Nördliche Zauche. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2009, ISBN 978-3-88462-285-8 , pp. 436-442.
- Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis A. First main part or collection of documents on the history of the spiritual foundations, the noble families, as well as the cities and castles of the Mark Brandenburg, Volume X, continuation of the documents from the Middle Mark. Castle and town of Plaue. Castle, town and monastery Ziesar, Leitzkau monastery. Golzow Castle and the von Rochow family. Lehnin Monastery. Mixed documents. Berlin, Reimer 1856 Online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to CDB A 10 with the corresponding certificate number and page number)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, A 10, Document No. XVII (17), pp. 458/9.
- ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, A 10, document number CXI (111), p. 234/5.
- ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, A 10, document number CXIV (114), p. 236.
