Technical rules
| ASR | old: workplace guidelines, now: technical rules for workplaces (or workplace rules ) |
| RAB | Rules for occupational safety on construction sites |
| SprengLR | Explosives Storage Guidelines |
| TRAS | Technical rules for plant safety |
| TRA | Technical rules for elevators (repealed March 2, 2011) |
| TRAC | Technical rules for acetylene plants and calcium carbide bearings (valid until December 31, 2012) |
| TRAV | Technical rules for the use of fall-proof glazing |
| TRB | Technical rules for the Pressure Vessel Ordinance - Pressure Vessels (valid until December 31, 2012) |
| TRBA | Technical rules for biological agents |
| TRbF | Technical rules for flammable liquids (valid until December 31, 2012) |
| TRBS | Technical rules for operational safety |
| TRD | Technical rules for steam boilers (valid until December 31, 2012) |
| TRF | Technical rule for liquid gas |
| TRFL | Technical rule for pipelines |
| TRG | Technical rules for technical gases (compressed gases ) (valid until December 31, 2012) |
| TRGL | Technical rules for high-pressure gas lines (valid until December 31, 2012) |
| TRGS | Technical rules for hazardous substances |
| TRK | Technical reference concentration (valid until December 31, 2004) |
| TRLV | Technical rules for the use of linearly mounted glazing |
| TRLV noise | Technical rules for noise and vibration occupational safety regulations |
| TRLV vibration | |
| TROL | Technical rules of the furnace and air heating construction trade |
| TROS | Technical rules for the occupational health and safety ordinance on artificial optical radiation |
| TRR | Technical rules for the Pressure Vessel Ordinance - Pipelines ( Pressure Vessel Ordinance ) (valid until December 31, 2012) |
| TRSK | Technical rules for dispensing systems |
| TRWI | Technical rules for drinking water installations |
| TRwS | Technical rules for substances hazardous to water |
Technical rules are recommendations and technical proposals, primarily in the field of occupational health and safety , which recommend a way of complying with a law , an ordinance , a technical process, etc.
They are not legal norms and therefore do not necessarily have the character of legal regulations. Technical rules can, however, have the force of law, e.g. B. through the introduction of the building inspectorate as part of technical building regulations .
If these recommendations are adhered to, it can usually be assumed that the system has been operated in accordance with the state of the art . In the event of an accident , the employer can prove that he is not responsible for negligence.
Up to now, the current technical rules could be regarded as "state of the art" because they were subject to permanent adaptation to technical progress . With the repeal of the steam boiler, pressure vessel and beverage dispensing system ordinance, the TRD, TRB, TRR, TRSK, TRG are no longer changed and therefore no longer adapted to the state of the art. They are being replaced by the technical rules for operational safety TRBS , which, however, no longer describe technical details according to the new concept. In order to maintain the state of the art, further regulations ( EU directives , EN standards, recommendations from associations { VDI , VDE , VDMA , AGI, DVGW }, information from the employers' liability insurance association, guidelines for interpretations, etc.) must be consulted. Since the possibility of ensuring occupational safety can be achieved using different approaches, this must be described in the risk assessment .
- Examples
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- In the case of construction endangerment , § 319 StGB refers to the "generally recognized rules of technology" for the absence of defects in a work § 641a Paragraph 3 Clause 4 BGB , in the case of the manufacturer's obligations § 3 Paragraph 1 Clause 2 GPSG
- in the precaution against harmful environmental effects § 5 Abs. 1 Nr. 2 BImSchG to the "state of the art",
- in the case of the approval of plants, Section 7, Paragraph 2, No. 3 AtomG even to the "state of science and technology "
- In municipal statutes, reference is often made directly to a specific DIN standard, e.g. B. in the drainage of land
- In the Ordinance on Hazardous Substances , reference is made to certain Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances (TRGS).
- the Federal Office for Information Security publishes a number of guidelines (BSI-TR) that are binding in federal projects
The accident prevention regulations (UVV, BGV) of the accident insurance institutions, the employers' liability insurance association , are an exception ; for a limited area (member companies) these are autonomous law and at the same time technical rule.
Even EU directives do not in themselves represent any directly applicable legal norms, as they first have to be implemented in the national law of the respective member states; However, they can be directly applicable in the event of incorrect or delayed implementation and are at least relevant for the interpretation of national law. Technical rules are used for operational implementation, especially in occupational health and safety.
Examples of technical rules are the technical rules for workplaces or technical rules for hazardous substances .
See also the lists of the technical building regulations .
ASR · Technical rules for workplaces
| ASR A1.2 | Room dimensions and movement areas |
| ASR A1.3 | Safety and health signs |
| ASR A1.5 / 1.2 | Floors |
| ASR A1.6 | Windows, skylights. Translucent walls |
| ASR A1.7 | Doors and gates |
| ASR A 1.8 | Traffic routes |
| ASR A2.1 | Protection against falls and falling objects, entering danger areas |
| ASR A2.2 | Measures against fire |
| ASR A2.3 | Escape routes and exits, escape and rescue plan |
| ASR A3.4 | lighting |
| ASR A3.4 / 7 | Security lighting |
| ASR A3.5 | Room temperature |
| ASR A3.6 | ventilation |
| ASR A3.7 | noise |
| ASR A4.1 | Sanitary rooms |
| ASR A4.2 | Break and standby rooms |
| ASR A4.3 | First aid rooms, equipment and facilities for first aid |
| ASR A4.4 | Accommodations |
| ASR V3 | Risk assessment |
| ASR V3a.2 | Barrier-free design of workplaces |
TRGS · Technical rules for hazardous substances
| 001-099 | General, structure and observation |
| 100-199 | Definitions |
| 200-299 | Placing substances, preparations and articles on the market |
| 300-399 | Preventive occupational health care |
| 400-499 | Risk assessment |
| 500-599 | Protective measures for activities with hazardous substances |
| 600-699 | Substitutes and substitute processes |
| 700-899 | Fire and explosion protection |
| 900-999 | Limit values, classifications, reasons and other AGS decisions |
TRD technical rules for steam boilers (repealed)
| 001 | General, structure and application |
| 100 ff. | Materials |
| 201 ff. | Manufacturing |
| 300 ff. | calculation |
| 401 ff. | Equipment and placement |
| 500 ff. | exam |
| 520 | Permission and notification procedure |
| 601 ff. | business |
| 701 ff. | Group II steam boilers |
| 801 | Group I steam boilers |
| 802 | Group III steam boilers |
| 001 | General, structure and application |
| 001 | Structure and application of the TRD |
| 100 | General principles for materials |
| 101 | Sheets |
| 102 | Seamless and electrically pressure-welded steel pipes |
| 103 | Cast steel |
| 106 | Bolts and nuts made of steel |
| 107 | Boiler parts made of shaped steel and forgings |
| 108 | Cast iron with flake graphite and cast iron with spheroidal graphite |
| 110 | Valve body |
| 201 | Welding of steel components; Manufacturing - testing |
| 201 Appendix 1 | Welding Steel Components - Procedural Qualification Guidelines |
| 201 Appendix 2 | Welding of steel components - Guideline for the testing and supervision of boiler welders |
| 201 Appendix 3 | Welding of steel components - Guideline for testing welded sections, drums and collectors with higher rated longitudinal weld seams - work tests |
| 202 | Testing of prefabricated parts made of sheet steel |
| 203 | Seamless collectors and similar hollow bodies - manufacturing and testing |
| 300 | Strength calculation of steam boilers |
| 301 | Cylinder shells under internal overpressure |
| 301 Appendix 1 | Calculation of alternating stress due to increasing internal pressure or due to combined internal pressure and temperature changes |
| 301 Appendix 2 | Calculation of pipe bends |
| 303 | Ball shells and curved bottoms under internal and external overpressure |
| 303 Appendix 1 | Calculation of spherical shells with cutouts against alternating expansion stress on the inside of the hole edges |
| 304 | Arched flame tube bottoms |
| 305 | Flat walls, anchorages and stiffening beams |
| 306 | Cylindrical shells under external pressure |
| 309 | Screws |
| 320 | Smooth square tubes and sub-chambers under internal overpressure |
| 401 | Equipment for group IV steam generators |
| 401 Appendix 1 | Requirements for oval hand, head and manhole closure systems of steam boiler systems |
| 402 | Equipping steam boiler systems with group IV hot water generators |
| 403 | Installation of steam boiler systems with group IV steam boilers |
| 411 | Oil firing on steam boiler systems |
| 411 Appendix 1 | Oil sludge incineration plants on steam boilers on seagoing ships |
| 412 | Gas firing on steam boilers |
| 413 | Coal dust firing on steam boiler systems |
| 414 | Wood firing on steam boilers |
| 415 | Fluidized bed combustion on steam boilers |
| 421 | Safety devices against excessive pressure - safety valves - for steam boilers of groups I, III and IV |
| 431 | Flue gas water preheaters for group IV steam boilers |
| 451 | Systems for the storage of pressurized liquefied ammonia for steam boiler systems - pressure vessels |
| 451 Appendix 1 | Systems for pressureless storage of ammonia-water mixtures for steam boiler systems - storage tanks |
| 451 Appendix 2 | Systems for the storage of ammonia-water mixtures in pressure tanks for steam boiler systems - storage tanks |
| 452 | Systems for the storage of pressurized liquefied ammonia for steam boiler systems - installation, equipment, operation |
| 452 Appendix 1 | Systems for the pressureless storage of ammonia-water mixtures for steam boiler systems - installation, equipment, operation |
| 452 Appendix 2 | Systems for the storage of ammonia-water mixtures in pressure vessels for steam boiler systems - installation, equipment, operation |
| 460 | Systems for reducing air pollutants in flue gases from steam boiler systems - flue gas cleaning systems |
| 500 | Testing of steam boiler systems |
| 501 | Preliminary examination of the documents for the permit application or the notification - examination of the equipment, the installation and the operating conditions |
| 502 | Preliminary examination of the documents for the permit application or the notification - examination of the dimensioning of the pressurized parts and the construction |
| 503 | Check before commissioning - construction check and water pressure test |
| 504 | Test before commissioning - acceptance test |
| 505 | Recurring inspection - external inspection |
| 506 | Recurring examination - internal examination |
| 507 | Recurring test - water pressure test |
| 508 | Additional test on components, calculated with time-dependent strength values. |
| 508 Appendix 1 | Additional tests on components - method for calculating building blocks with time-dependent strength values |
| 509 | Guideline for the type approval procedure for steam boiler systems or their parts |
| 511 | Testing of steam boiler systems with steam boilers of groups I, II or III |
| 520 | Guideline for the procedure for the permit for the construction and operation and the procedure for the notification of steam boiler systems |
| 601 sheet 1 | Operation of steam boiler systems - Part I - General instructions for the operator of steam boiler systems for steam boilers of group IV |
| 601 sheet 2 | Operation of steam boiler systems - Part 2 - General instructions for the maintenance of steam boiler systems - Operating instructions for group IV steam boilers |
| 601 sheet 3 | Testing of steam boiler systems |
| 602 sheet 1 | Limited supervision of steam boiler systems with steam generators of group IV |
| 602 sheet 2 | Limited supervision of steam boiler systems with group IV hot water generators |
| 602 sheet 1 and sheet 2 Appendix 1 | Additional requirements to TRD 602 for steam boilers of group IV with grate firing for coal |
| 603 sheet 1 | Temporary operation of a steam boiler system with a group IV steam generator with reduced operating pressure without supervision |
| 603 sheet 2 | Temporary operation of a steam boiler system with a group IV hot water generator with reduced flow temperature without supervision |
| 604 sheet 1 | Operation of steam boiler systems with group IV steam generators without constant supervision |
| 604 sheet 1 annex 1 | Additional requirements to TRD 604 sheet 1 for steam boiler systems with steam generators of group IV with grate firing for coal |
| 604 sheet 2 | Operation of steam boiler systems with group IV hot water generators without constant supervision |
| 604 sheet 2 annex 1 | Additional requirements to TRD 604 sheet 2 for steam boiler systems with hot water generators of group IV with grate furnaces for coal |
| 611 | Feed water and boiler water from group IV steam generators |
| 612 | Water for hot water generators in groups II to IV |
| 701 | Steam boiler systems with group II steam generators |
| 702 | Steam boiler systems with group II hot water generators |
| 702 Appendix 1 | Additional requirements to TRD 702 for steam boiler systems with hot water generators of group II with automatic or semi-automatic furnaces for coal |
| 702 Appendix 2 | Steam boiler systems with group II hot water generators, additional requirements |
| 721 | Safety devices against excessive pressure - safety valves for steam boilers of group II |
| 801 | Group I steam boilers |
| 802 | Group III steam boilers |
Web links
- Rules for occupational safety on construction sites (RAB)
- Technical rules for workplaces (ASR)
- Technical rules for plant safety (TRAS)
- Technical rules for biological agents (TRBA)
- Technical rules for operational safety (TRBS)
- Technical rules for hazardous substances (TRGS)
- Technical rules for the Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance on Artificial Optical Radiation (TROS)
- Technical rules for the Noise and Vibration Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance (TRLV)
- Technical guidelines of the BSI
- Online tools for hazardous substance management
