Tadeusz Baird
Tadeusz Baird (born July 26, 1928 in Grodzisk Mazowiecki , † September 2, 1981 in Warsaw ) was a Polish composer .
Life
Baird studied piano privately in 1934 and from 1940 to 1944 at the Warsaw Conservatory with Tadeusz Witulski in Warsaw. There he received lessons in music theory from Boleslaw Woytowicz and Kazimierz Sikorski . He was also tutored by the composers Bolesław Szabelski and Kazimierz Rytel . After the Warsaw Uprising in 1944, he was arrested by the Nazis and imprisoned in the Soest and Gladbeck camps near Münster. In 1945 the British freed him and took him to a military hospital near Hagen . In 1946 he returned to Poland.
From 1947 to 1951 he studied composition with Piotr Rytel and Piotr Perkowski at the Higher State Music School in Warsaw (the renamed Conservatory). He also studied musicology from 1948 to 1951 at the University of Warsaw . In 1949, together with Kazimierz Serocki and Jan Krenz, he founded the group 49 , which endeavored to create music in accordance with the state doctrine of socialist realism . In 1956 he and Serocki were among the founders of the Warsaw Autumn , an important festival of contemporary music. Since 1974 he has taught at the Higher State Music School and in 1977 became professor of composition. His students include Paweł Szymański , Krzysztof Knittel , Elżbieta Sikora and Thomas Böttger . In 1976 he became President of the Polish Section of the International Society for New Music . In 1978 he became a corresponding member of the music section of the Academy of Arts in Berlin (East).
The composer's personal language is characterized by the intensity of the lyric. In works since around 1956, Baird tried out musical microstructures based on the model of Anton Webern . However, they are always characterized by a very strong expressiveness, since he mainly turned to Alban Berg's role model .
He is buried in the Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw.
Prizes and awards
- 1951: National Prize
- 1952: Golden Cross of Merit of the Republic of Poland
- 1954: Knight of the Order of Polonia Restituta
- 1958: First prize at the G. Fitelberg competition
- 1959: First prize at the Tribune internationale des compositeurs ( UNESCO ) in Paris
- 1962: Minister for Culture and Art Prize
- 1963: Music Prize of the City of Cologne
- 1963: First prize at the Tribune internationale des compositeurs (UNESCO) in Paris
- 1964: National Prize, 2nd class
- 1966: First prize at the Tribune internationale des compositeurs (UNESCO) in Paris
- 1966: Annual Prize of the Polish Composers Union
- 1968: S. Kusewicki Prize
- 1970: National Prize
- 1970: Artist Prize of the City of Warsaw
- 1971: A. Jurzykowski Foundation Prize in New York
- 1974: A. Honegger Prize
- 1974: Order Banner of Labor, Second Class
- 1976: Sibelius Medal
- 1979: Prime Minister Award and National Educational Committee Medal
- 1981: Order Banner of Labor, 1st class (posthumous)
Works
- Sinfonietta , 1949
- Piano concerto , 1949
- Sonatina I for piano, 1949
- Sonatina II for piano, 1952
- 1st Symphony , 1950, National Prize 1951
- Colas Breugnon: an old style suite for string orchestra and flute , 1951
- 2nd symphony quasi una fantasia , 1952
- Small suite for children for piano, 1952
- Concerto for orchestra , 1953
- Divertimento for flute, clarinet, oboe and bassoon, 1956
- Cassazione for orchestra , 1956
- Four love sonets for baritones and orchestra based on texts by William Shakespeare , 1956
- Espressioni Varianti for violin and orchestra, 1959
- Four essays , 1958, UNESCO Prize 1959
- Exhortation for speaking voice and orchestra, 1960
- Erotic for soprano and orchestra based on texts by Małgorzata Hilar, 1960–61
- Epiphany Music , 1963
- Four dialogues for oboe and chamber orchestra, 1964, UNESCO Prize 1966
- Four songs for mezzo-soprano and chamber orchestra based on texts by Vesna Parun, 1966
- Morgen , musical drama based on Joseph Conrad, 1966
- Four novelets for chamber orchestra, 1967
- Sinfonia Breve , 1968
- Five songs for mezzo-soprano and six instruments based on texts by Halina Poświatowska , 1968, National Prize 1970
- 3rd Symphony , 1969, National Prize 1970
- Goethe-Briefe: Cantata for baritone for mixed choir and orchestra on texts by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Charlotte von Stein , 1970
- String Quartet , 1971
- Game for string quartet, 1971
- Psychodrama , 1972
- Elegia , 1973
- Oboe Concert , 1973
- Concerto Lugubre for viola and orchestra, 1975
- Scenes for cello, harp and orchestra, 1977
- Canzona , 1980
- Voices from afar ( Głosy z oddali ) for baritone and symphony orchestra on texts by Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, 1981
Film music (selection)
- 1957: The Noose (Pętla)
- 1959: Lotna
- 1960: When the day began (Rok pierwszy)
- 1961: Samson
- 1961: April (Kwiecień)
- 1961: Fire master Kalen (Ogniomistrz Kaleń)
- 1963: The Passenger (Pasażerka)
- 1963: Everyday life in a marriage (Ich dzień powszedni)
- 1963: Manhunt (Naganiacz)
- 1963: The demolished bridge (Zerwany most)
- 1965: The wooden rosary (Drewniany różaniec)
- 1965: The Unknown (Nieznany)
- 1966: The place for one (Miejsce dla jednego)
See also
literature
- Zofia Helman: Tadeusz Baird . In: Contemporary Composers (KDG). Edition Text & Criticism, Munich 1996, ISBN 978-3-86916-164-8 .
Web links
- Works by and about Tadeusz Baird in the catalog of the German National Library
- Tadeusz Baird in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Tadeusz Baird in the Munzinger archive
- Tadeusz Baird at the Polish Music Center
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Baird, Tadeusz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish composer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 26, 1928 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Grodzisk Mazowiecki |
| DATE OF DEATH | 2nd September 1981 |
| Place of death | Warsaw |