1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 2 H 2 Cl 4 | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
colorless liquid with a phenolic odor |
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 167.85 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
liquid |
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density |
1.597 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
−42.5 ° C |
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boiling point |
146 ° C |
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Vapor pressure |
6.4 h Pa (20 ° C) |
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solubility |
poor in water (2.9 g l −1 at 20 ° C) |
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Refractive index |
1.494 (20 ° C) |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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MAK |
DFG / Switzerland: 1 ml m −3 or 7 mg m −3 |
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Thermodynamic properties | ||||||||||||||||
ΔH f 0 |
−195.0 kJ / mol |
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C |
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is a chemical compound from the group of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons ( LCKW ). It is isomeric to 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane .
Extraction and presentation
Tetrachloroethane can be obtained by the two-stage addition reaction of ethyne with chlorine (via 1,2-dichloroethene ).
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is one of the chemical substances that are produced in large quantities (" High Production Volume Chemical ", HPVC) and for which the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) collects data on possible dangers (" Screening Information Dataset ", SIDS) was prepared.
use
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane was previously used as a refrigerant and often as a solvent under the name R130 , but today it is only used as a starting material for the production of chlorinated hydrocarbons , such as. B. vinyl chloride , trichlorethylene and perchlorethylene in closed production systems.
safety instructions
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is very toxic and is also absorbed through the skin (contact poison). The connection is acutely irritating to the skin and mucous membranes and leads to CNS disorders. The chronic exposure leads to liver damage and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and the nervous system.
The IARC classified 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane in 2014 as a possible carcinogen.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Entry on 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2020(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ Data sheet 1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorethane from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on October 20, 2016 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Entry on 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
- ↑ Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limit values - current MAK and BAT values (search for 79-34-5 or 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane ), accessed on November 2, 2015.
- ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-21.
- ↑ a b OECD : Screening Information Dataset (SIDS) Initial Assessment Report (SIAR) for Ethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro- , accessed on November 4, 2014.
- ↑ a b L. Roth, G. Rupp, M. Wißfeld: Chlorinated hydrocarbons - properties, environmental relevance, toxicity, therapy, regulations, handling, storage, disposal . ecomed Sicherheit 2007, ISBN 6096513002 .
- ↑ IARC Monograph 106 - 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane, 2014