Juniperus pinchotii

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Juniperus pinchotii
Juniperus pinchotii.jpg

Juniperus pinchotii

Systematics
Order : Conifers (Coniferales)
Family : Cypress family (Cupressaceae)
Subfamily : Cupressoideae
Genre : Juniper ( Juniperus )
Section : Sabina
Type : Juniperus pinchotii
Scientific name
Juniperus pinchotii
Sudw.

Juniperus Pinchotii German, and Texas juniper called, is a plant from the family of the cypress family (Cupressaceae). It is native to the southern United States and northern Mexico.

description

Juniperus pinchotii grows as an evergreen shrub or small tree that can reach heights of growth of up to 6 meters. Usually the species forms several trunks with a diameter of up to 20 centimeters. The crown is flat, spherical to irregular in shape and is formed by straight branches or branches. The smooth, ash-gray to brown trunk bark becomes fibrous with age and flakes off in long strips. The smooth bark flakes off the branches in strips or scales. The bark of the stiff, about 5 to 10 millimeters thick and triangular or square branches in cross section is smooth.

The species forms both needle-like and scale-like leaves , both of which can appear on a tree at the same time. However, the scale-like shape is usually more common. All leaves are yellow-green in color, have a finely toothed leaf margin and elliptical to elongated glands on the underside of the leaf, many of which secrete an aromatic, white substance. The needle-like leaves are 4 to 6 millimeters long and have no blue-green tint on the upper side. The scale-like leaves are 1 to 2 millimeters long. Their tip is pointed and they usually do not overlap or only up to a fifth of their length.

Juniperus pinchotii is dioecious-segregated ( diocesan ) and the berry cones ripen within a year. The juicy, non-resinous and sweet-tasting berry cones have a straight stem and are 6 to 10 millimeters thick, spherical to egg-shaped. They are copper-colored to copper-red in color as they mature. Each of the cones bears one to two, 4 to 5 millimeter large seeds.

Distribution and location

Map of the distribution area

The natural range of Juniperus pinchotii includes the southern United States and northern Mexico. In the United States, the species is found in southeast New Mexico , Oklahoma, and Texas . In Mexico, the distribution area includes the states of Chihuahua , Coahuila , Durango , Nuevo León , Sonora , Tamaulipas and Zacatecas .

Juniperus pinchotii thrives at altitudes of 300 to 1700 meters. The species is found mainly on low hills and in ravines where it grows on gravelly limestone soils and on soils containing gypsum . Mixed stands with the honey mesquite ( Prosopis glandulosa ) and Quercus turbinella are often formed.

ecology

The seeds are able to survive fires and only germinate after the fire. Even the fully grown plants are able to develop new shoots after a fire.

Systematics

The first description as Juniperus pinchotii was in 1905 by George Bishop Sudworth in Forestry and Irrigation , Volume 10, page 204. Synonyms for Juniperus pinchotii Sudw. are Juniperus monosperma var. pinchotii (Sudw.) Melle , Juniperus texensis Melle and Sabina pinchotii (Sudw.) IM Lewis .

The species can be divided into up to two varieties : Juniperus pinchotii var. Pinchotii is the nominate form Juniperus pinchotii var. Erythrocarpa (Cory) Silba has lighter red colored berry cones. A synonym is Juniperus erythrocarpa Cory .

Juniperus pinchotii forms natural hybrids with the red berry juniper ( Juniperus coahuilensis ).

Hazard and protection

Juniperus pinchotii is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List .

swell

  • Christopher J. Earle: Juniperus pinchotii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, April 25, 2012, accessed October 14, 2012 .
  • Frank D. Watson, James E. Eckenwalder: Cupressaceae . Juniperus . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Volume 2. Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 1993, ISBN 0-19-508242-7 , Juniperus pinchotii (English, Juniperus pinchotii - online - this work is online with the same text).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Christopher J. Earle: Juniperus pinchotii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, April 25, 2012, accessed October 14, 2012 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Frank D. Watson, James E. Eckenwalder: Cupressaceae . Juniperus . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Volume 2. Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 1993, ISBN 0-19-508242-7 , Juniperus pinchotii (English, Juniperus pinchotii - online - this work is online with the same text).
  3. ↑ Juniperus pinchotii. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. www.ars-grin.gov, accessed on October 14, 2012 (English).
  4. ↑ a b Juniperus pinchotii at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 14, 2012.

Web link