Theresienwiese (Heilbronn)
The Theresienwiese in Heilbronn is a fairground where festivals and events take place regularly. The Theresienwiese is located outside the city center on the Neckar Canal . The name Theresienwiese was not officially given by the city of Heilbronn, but it is in common use. The name goes back to the Maria Theresa Order Festival on June 1, 1815, which took place on a meadow between Heilbronn and today's Böckingen district .
history
The origins of the Theresienwiese lie in the flat cattle and pastureland in the meadows of the Altneckar between Heilbronn and the once imperial town of Böckingen . The shooting house not far from the Theresienwiese, built in a secluded location in 1769 , which served as a hall for the Heilbronn horse market and where the Hammelwasen fair was located, is related to the livestock use of this area . The Heilbronn slaughterhouse was later built to the east of Theresienwiese as part of the expansion of the station suburb.
The name Theresienwiese goes back to a ceremony at which the Austrian Army was awarded the Maria Theresa Order on June 1, 1815 . This award was originally planned in Vienna. After Napoleon Bonaparte returned to France from his exile on Elba on March 1st of that year, it was decided to assemble a large contingent of troops from the Austrian army near Heilbronn, so that the award ceremony took place here. 136 princes were present at the ceremony, the troop parade was held by around 8,000 men and senior officers. There were almost as many soldiers in Heilbronn as the city had at that time in population. The extensive flat terrain of the Theresienwiese provided enough space for camps and troops to deploy.
Although there was never an official name for the location, the name Theresienwiese became the general name. In 1865, at least one official document said: "The area around the shooting range has recently become the place where large parties or meetings have been held." The place has lost its character as a meadow in the more recent past than it did asphalt and gravel. With the construction of the Neckar Canal , the railway bridge, Theresienstrasse and Karlsruher Strasse ( B 293 ), the space was sharply delimited on all sides.
In the autumn of 1940, Luftgaukommando VII built a raised bunker with a frustoconical roof on the edge of Theresienwiese. After Walther Wever , the Chief of Staff of the Air Force, who died in an accident in 1936 , it was named General Wever Tower . The tower survived the devastating air raids on Heilbronn and is still the landmark of the fairground that can be seen from afar. On February 2, 2016, the Heilbronn municipal council decided to rename the General Wever Tower as Theresienturm .
On April 25, 2007, the police officer Michèle Kiesewetter was allegedly murdered by the National Socialist Underground on Theresienwiese with a head shot and her colleague was seriously injured.
Celebrations and events
The Unterländer Volksfest Heilbronn takes place for eleven days on the Theresienwiese and is one of the largest folk festivals in Baden-Württemberg . The Unterländer Volksfest especially attracts the younger generation, as there is a colorful program every year. Every year around 250,000 visitors come to the Theresienwiese festival. The Christmas circus also takes place every year on the Theresienwiese in Heilbronn, which attracts around 75,000 visitors. The Theresienwiese is also the venue for the Heilbronn trade fair (formerly: Unterlandschau ) and numerous other events, including regular flea markets. The space is used as a parking lot on non-event days.
Connections
Street
The Theresienwiese is connected to the B293 federal road and is served by bus lines 1; 5; 10; 13; 61 and 62 approached at the own stop.
rail
Nearby, about 5 minutes' walk away, is the Heilbronn main train station , with connections to Stuttgart , Würzburg , Heidelberg , Schwäbisch Hall- Hessental and Mosbach- Neckarelz. There is also a tram stop Heilbronn Hauptbahnhof / Willy-Brandt-Platz , which is served by lines S 4 and S 42 of the Heilbronn tram. The S 4 runs twice an hour to Öhringen and Karlsruhe all day , additional trains run between Schwaigern-West and Weinsberg. The S 42 runs to Neckarsulm every 30 minutes .
memorial
At the northern end there is a memorial plaque for ten people who were murdered by neo-Nazi criminals, including the police officer Michèle Kiesewetter from Thuringia . Not far from this point, she was murdered in a company car by the National Socialist Underground group, also from Thuringia .
Web links
- Heilbronn city archive , contemporary history collection, signature ZS-2069, entry on Theresienwiese in the HEUSS database
- verkehrsmittelvergleich.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Theresienwiese Heilbronn ; Event space on stadtarchiv-heilbronn.de
- ↑ The Theresienwiese on stadtarchiv-heilbronn.de
- ↑ Stefan Geiger: The fatal NSU attack in Heilbronn - Nobody can dispel the doubts in: Stuttgarter Zeitung . from January 22, 2014.
Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 21.7 ″ N , 9 ° 12 ′ 9.5 ″ E