Three World Trade Center

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Three World Trade Center
175 Greenwich Street
Three World Trade Center
Three World Trade Center in January 2019
Basic data
Place: New York City , United StatesUnited StatesUnited States 
Construction time : 2010-2018
Opening: 2018
Status : Built
Architectural style : Postmodern
Architect : Richard Rogers
Use / legal
Usage : offices
Owner : Silverstein Properties
Technical specifications
Height : 329 m
Height to the roof: 329 m
Rank (height) : 8. ( New York )

14. ( USA )

Floors : 80
Elevators : 53
Usable area : 207,451 m²
Building material : Structure: steel , reinforced concrete ; Facade: glass, aluminum

The Three World Trade Center , also known by the name of its address 175 Greenwich Street , is a new super- skyscraper in New York City that was built as part of the new World Trade Center complex . The construction work started in July 2010 and ended in June 2018. The building was planned by the British architect Richard Rogers .

architecture

The Three World Trade Center (German: World Trade Center Building No. 3 ) is part of the new World Trade Center complex. In New York, the skyscraper was after its completion with a height of 329 m the sixth tallest building, after the One World Trade Center (541 m), 432 Park Avenue (426 m), 30 Hudson Yards (395 m), the Empire State Building (381 m) and the Bank of America Tower (366 m). In 2020, it was now eighth. Originally a height of 378 m was planned, but this was reduced to just 329 m after a revision of the building concept. The tower will be the third largest structure within the new World Trade Center. Above the roof there should first be a point at every corner, whereby the official building height is reached. At the end of June 2015, however, it was announced that the peaks would no longer be part of the design, while the new roof height is now 329 m.

The facade of the 80-story tower is made entirely of glass. At the front and back above the eighth floor, large, intersecting steel struts were originally intended to be installed, which are visible from the outside. This architectural concept was rejected again, so that a normal glass facade was presented in summer 2011. Most floors of the tower are available for offices, while the first eight floors, the podium, are intended for shops and technical facilities. Inside, the building will have a solid reinforced concrete core that will house elevators, stairwells and supply lines. This construction feature is intended to significantly increase the security in the tower. All skyscrapers in the new World Trade Center complex are built according to this principle (as are the majority of all high-rise buildings worldwide).

realization

Dispute over mortgage lending

All of Ground Zero is owned by the New York Port Authority , but has been leased from Silverstein Properties . Buildings 2, 3, and 4 World Trade Center will also be owned by Silverstein Properties, while the Port Authority will build the tallest building, One World Trade Center . Due to the ubiquitous economic climate, there is little need for large office space, Silverstein Properties asked the port authorities to help finance towers 2, 3 and 4, or to guarantee a sum of 3.2 billion US dollars . However, the Port Authority refused. It announced that it would only help Silverstein with $ 800 million to build a tower, the smaller Four World Trade Center , construction of which began in 2008. On May 11, 2009, the port authorities suggested converting the Two World Trade Center and Three World Trade Center buildings into just five-story structures, i.e. only erecting the podium for the towers. It is not possible to completely do without both structures, as the overall plan means that there is a complex underground infrastructure on the World Trade Center site. This fact does not allow one of the construction projects to be dispensed with. Larry Silverstein , chairman of Silverstein Properties, however, declined to downsize the two towers in this way. As a result, a dispute broke out over the future of the two buildings. The port authority regards it as too great a risk to invest in the construction of structures that no tenant has yet been able to provide. Larry Silverstein argued, however, that he had also built the 7th World Trade Center without having a tenant when construction began. The building, which opened in 2006, is now almost fully let. In addition, it is not to be expected that the low level of office requirements will continue for many more years.

On June 11, 2009, a meeting took place between the port authority, Silverstein Properties and New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg , who has since been involved in the matter , to discuss the future of towers 2 and 3. However, a solution was not found as both parties did not want to leave their point of view. However, Michael Bloomberg announced that he would do everything possible to find a sensible solution and see to it that the talks continue. In several New York newspapers, Bloomberg said that a lengthy delay in the World Trade Center reconstruction was unacceptable.

In January 2010, an additional period of 45 days was agreed from an arbitration proceeding that had started in the meantime, during which further discussions should take place between Silverstein Properties and the port authority. On March 10, 2010, shortly before the deadline set by the arbitration tribunal, a demonstration broke out by construction workers protesting further delays. They put down work on the One World Trade Center , the World Trade Center Memorial and the fourth tower (which was built from 2008 to 2013) to appeal to the port authorities and Silverstein to finally agree on a financing concept. The workers chanted slogans such as “Build the WTC now!” (Eng. “Build the WTC at last!”). Both sides continued to announce that they were ready to talk.

Dispute settlement and rental agreements

On March 26, 2010 it was announced that an agreement had been reached between the Hafenbörde, the city and Silverstein Properties. Accordingly, the construction of Tower 3 (Three World Trade Center or 175 Greenwich Street) should begin immediately. Sufficient funds are made available by the port authority, the city and the state to allow the foundation as well as the podium of the tower (about eight floors above ground) to be built. This will take about two years. During this time, Silverstein Properties is required to rent at least 16% of the usable area of ​​the tower. If this goal is not achieved, work on the Three World Trade Center should be stopped after the podium has been erected. If, on the other hand, at least 16% are rented by then, the plan is to complete the construction work on the building. A schedule for the second, more expensive tower (the higher Two World Trade Center) has not yet been set. Its construction will only begin after the New York real estate industry has fully recovered. According to official information, construction actually started at the beginning of July 2010.

In January 2013, the owner Silverstein Properties officially announced that the conclusion of a lease agreement with interested parties was within reach and, in contrast to the Two World Trade Center, an interruption of the construction work is not expected. Accordingly, completion would not be planned later than 2015. [outdated]

In July 2013, Silverstein Properties finally announced that a lease had been concluded with the media service company GroupM for the Three World Trade Center . The company plans to rent 47,000 m² of office space in the building, which means that construction work will be carried out quickly to complete the skyscraper. American media spoke of a milestone.

In September 2014, Silverstein Properties named a completion of Three World Trade Center in early 2018 likely. The building finally opened on June 11, 2018.

Building site

The site preparation took place in 2008. The first foundation work did not begin until July 2010. At the beginning of 2011, large amounts of concrete were built into the foundation , especially for the massive building core inside the tower. A first construction crane was installed in April 2011 , the second crane followed in June 2011. In December 2011, the reinforced concrete building core reached street level while the floor areas were one level below. In the spring of 2012, the core began to grow above street level; in June 2012 it had reached a height of five storeys, while the subterranean floors, including the ground floor, were completely erected in the shell. The first larger steel pillars for the outer shell around the lobby and vertical steel beams for the first floor above ground were also installed at this time. At the end of July 2014, the temporary construction work was resumed.

On October 6, 2016, the building reached its final height.

  • Construction site of the Three World Trade Center in November 2011

  • Construction site of the Three World Trade Center in May 2012, the concrete core clearly visible in the middle, part of the 9/11 memorial can be seen in front of it

  • The construction site in December 2012

  • The structure in April 2014

  • Construction in December 2014

  • The tower in early June 2015, in the background Four World Trade Center

  • 3 WTC in the evening, mid-2016

  • The tower at the end of October 2016

  • 3 WTC in the Lower Manhattan skyline on December 3, 2016

Similar structures

In Seoul , the capital of South Korea , there is a construction project for a building called Parc 1 Tower A , which was also designed by Richard Rogers. Its design is similar to that of the Three World Trade Center, but is slightly higher at 338 m. This building also does not have four points, but ends with a roof.

See also

Web links

Commons : Three World Trade Center (New York)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Three World Trade Center , ctbuh.org
  2. ↑ Tower 3 , wtc.com
  3. ↑ http://www.yimbynews.com/2015/08/three-world-trade-center-gets-height-cut-will-stand-1079-feet-tall.html
  4. ↑ Ground Zero: bankruptcies, bad luck and economic crisis ( memento of August 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), stern.de
  5. ^ Statement by Silverstein Properties on second WTC Arbitration decision , wtc.com
  6. ^ Port Authority chief Christopher Ward and developer Larry Silverstein still at odds over Ground Zero , NY Daily News
  7. ^ Ground Zero Construction Workers Urge: 'Build It Now , wnyc.com
  8. ↑ Deal reched on Developing World Trade Center site , Wall Street Journal
  9. ^ Two new towers may end the impasse at Ground Zero , NY-Times
  10. ^ Building momentum at Ground Zero , NYPost
  11. ↑ Tower 3 close to landing tenants ( Memento from January 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) in the New York Post from January 2, 2013
  12. ^ World Trade Center Tower May Rise After New Tenant Signs , WSJ.com
  13. ^ Silverstein Said in Deal With GroupM on 3 World Trade , Bloomberg.com
  14. ↑ Port Authority delays 1WTC Opening in New York City , CTBUH Global News
  15. ↑ https://3wtc.com/3-world-trade-center-opens-heres-a-look-inside
  16. ↑ WTC Progress WTC Facebook

Coordinates: 40 ° 42 ′ 39.3 "  N , 74 ° 0 ′ 41.8"  W.