National September 11 Memorial and Museum

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National September 11 Memorial and Museum
The complete memorial in June 2012

The complete memorial in June 2012

Data
place New York City , USA
architect Handel Architects , Peter Walker and Partners , Davis Brody Bond Snøhetta
Construction year 2006-2014
Coordinates 40 ° 42 '42 "  N , 74 ° 0' 49"  W Coordinates: 40 ° 42 '42 "  N , 74 ° 0' 49"  W.

The National September 11 Memorial & Museum (also known as 9/11 Memorial and 9/11 Memorial Museum is) a memorial , which to some 3000 victims of the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 and the bombing of 1993 on the World Trade Center reminds . It is located on the site of the former World Trade Center in southern Manhattan , which became known as Ground Zero after the attacks . The memorial pavilion was officially opened on September 12, 2011. The day before, on the tenth anniversary of the attacks, survivors and relatives of the victims were able to visit the memorial in camera. The opening of the museum was planned for 2012, but construction work was temporarily suspended due to financial problems. The museum was inaugurated on May 15, 2014 in the presence of President Barack Obama and opened to the public daily from May 21 .

Client and fundraising

Construction was carried out on behalf of the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey .

The National September 11 Memorial & Museum at the World Trade Center - formerly the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation (until 2007) - is a non-profit organization that raised funds for the construction of the memorial through May 2006. The Foundation then stopped the call for donations until further construction activities were clarified.

Concept of the memorial

The southern basin with the museum in the background at the end of April 2012

As early as 1993, a water basin was built as a memorial for the six victims of the terrorist attack at the time. This reflecting pool was labeled with the names of those killed. As a result of the attacks of September 11, 2001, this memorial was destroyed along with the buildings.

The new memorial is intended to commemorate the victims of the 1993 and 2001 attacks. It symbolizes the 2983 victims as well as the destroyed buildings. The memorial is the heart of the complex, which is surrounded by the new high-rise towers.

At the points of the destroyed twin towers, there are two large basins, equal to “footprints”. These are framed by a copper border with the names of the 2983 people who were killed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and February 26, 1993. This includes the people killed in the World Trade Center (September 11, 2001 and February 26, 1993), in the Pentagon, in the four hijacked aircraft, as well as all the rescue workers and volunteers who died. The names of the assassins were omitted. In the middle of the two bodies of water at street level, surrounded by trees, the water falls nine meters into a basement. They are the largest man-made waterfalls in the United States . Daylight falls through the water walls into the pavilion below the pools. There are two memorial rooms with the names of the dead and a museum. The memorial is called Reflecting Absence , which can be translated as 'thinking about what is missing'. At the same time, the name is a play on words with the reflective water surface of the basins.

architecture

Original design and further development

One of the two memorial fountains at night

The concept of the memorial is based on the master plan by Daniel Libeskind and was implemented by Michael Arad. The landscape architect Peter Walker , Berkeley , was entrusted with the design of green spaces.

competition

In spring 2003, the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC) announced an open international competition for the World Trade Center Site Memorial . 5201 individual participants or teams from countries around the world submitted designs. All interested parties had the opportunity to comment publicly on the drafts. On November 19, 2003, the 13 judges, including Maya Lin , architect of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, and New York City Deputy Mayor Patricia Harris , shortlisted eight finalists. Reflecting Absence finally won first prize on January 6, 2004 and was presented to the press in NYC a few days later .

Construction electronics

The memorial in June 2011
The memorial in February 2012

On March 13, 2006 at 8:00 am EDT (New York time), construction workers began preparing the areas for Reflecting Absence . At this time, relatives of the victims and interested parties also arrived at the building site to protest against parts of the planning. For its part, the foundation attached great importance to the fact that relatives were included in its planning.

In May 2006 a projected increase in construction costs to a total of more than one billion US dollars was announced.

On September 2, 2008, a steel girder weighing 3.5 tons was erected to mark the location of the memorial. In another area of ​​the construction site, the structure reached ground level.

In April 2010, the steel frame of the two pools, which are supposed to remind of the twin towers, was ready. At the beginning of 2011, work was carried out on the technical equipment and on a pavilion.

In August 2010, the first trees were planted for the memorial.

On November 10, 2010, the water system in the northern pool was put into operation for the first time for test purposes. After the construction of the memorial pavilion had already started in early 2010, the first window panes were installed on the building in March 2011.

On September 12, 2011, the memorial was opened to the public on September 11th.

The museum opened on May 15, 2014.

Other 9/11 memorials

United States

Others

Web links

Commons : National September 11 Memorial and Museum  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files
Reviews

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "The embarrassing argument about the 9/11 Museum" , Welt.de, accessed on September 11, 2012.
  2. ^ M. Schuermann: Trade Center Memorial Name Changes, Gets Longer ( Memento of February 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). In: The New York Observer, August 14, 2007.
  3. ↑ Michael Arad, Peter Walker: Reflecting Absence (English; undated). In: World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition. Retrieved May 20, 2010.
  4. ^ WTC Memorial Jury Statement for Winning Design (English), January 13, 2004. In: World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition. Retrieved May 20, 2010.
  5. ↑ Luis Perez: WTC memorial construction underway , In: Newsday . March 14, 2006. 
  6. ↑ Laura Trevelyan: Work commences on 9/11 memorial , In: BBC (English). 
  7. ^ Amy Westfeldt: Sept. 11 Memorial Cost Estimate Rises , In: Guardian (UK) (English). May 6, 2006. 
  8. ↑ Associated Press: Steel column for 9/11 memorial rises at Ground Zero ( Memento of September 7, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (English). In: Newsday, August 17, 2008
  9. ^ Grove of sixteen swamp white oaks is planted , News-Yahoo.com
  10. ^ Testing begins on 9/11 North Pool Waterfall , Port Authority
  11. ↑ 9/11 Memorial pavilon begins to get its first glass facade , Port Authority
  12. ↑ memorial-opens-to-public , Port Anuthority
  13. ^ Opening of the 9/11 Memorial Museum in New York ( Memento from May 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), tagesschau.de