Timok
| Timok | ||
|
|
||
| Data | ||
| location | Eastern Serbia , border with Bulgaria | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Danube → Black Sea | |
| source | several source rivers | |
| Source height | 1078 m | |
| muzzle |
Danube coordinates: 44 ° 12 ′ 49 " N , 22 ° 40 ′ 13" E 44 ° 12 ′ 49 " N , 22 ° 40 ′ 13" E |
|
| Mouth height | 34 m | |
| Height difference | 1044 m | |
| Bottom slope | 5.1 ‰ | |
| length | 203 km | |
| Catchment area | 4630 km² | |
| Drain |
MQ |
24 m³ / s |
| Medium-sized cities | Negotin , Zaječar | |
| Small towns | Knjaževac | |
| Navigable | Yes | |
The Timok ( Cyrillic Тимок , Romanian Timoc ) is a right tributary of the Danube . The name Timok is derived from the original Latin name Timacus .
The river flows through Serbia , the last 15 kilometers of the river form the natural border with neighboring Bulgaria . The confluence with the Danube is located exactly in the extreme northwestern tip of Bulgaria and represents the northernmost point of Bulgaria.
The river is made up of several shorter rivers, all of which are named Timok. The longest stretch of the river is 203 kilometers long. It begins at the Svrljiški Timok river section , the most distant source point of the Timok, and extends to the confluence with the Danube. The section at the confluence with the Danube is called Veliki Timok (German: Großer Timok). Since 2006, the river has given its name to Timok Cove , a bay on Rugged Island in Antarctica.
Tributaries and course
The Timok arises from the confluence of several tributaries, all of which have Timok in their name: The eastern tributary is the Trgoviški Timok, which rises in the western foothills of the Balkan Mountains . It rises from two sources northwest of the Midschur summit. The part of this western Balkan mountain range is also known as Tschiprowsko-Berkowska-Planina ( Bulgarian Чипровско-Берковската планина ). The mountain range is named after the village of Tschiprovzi and the city of Berkovitsa .
The Trgoviški Timok unites in Knjaževac with the Svrljiški Timok flowing in from the left to form the Beli Timok (German: White Timok ). The river continues to flow north. In Zaječar the Crni Timok (German: Black Timok ) also flows from the left . From here on the river is only called Timok or Veliki Timok (German: Großer Timok ).
About eight kilometers north of Zajecar still flows of boron coming Boreka to.
The total length of the river, including its tributaries, is about 200 km, its catchment area covers an area of 4630 km². In the lower reaches the average water flow is 31 m³ / s.
The Timok was also eponymous for the Timočka Krajina region , which includes the Timok catchment area.
economy
There are significant ore and lignite deposits on the lower reaches of the river. The mining of these deposits, especially around boron, severely affects the water quality of the Timok.
literature
- Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija . Third edition. Prosveta, 1985, ISBN 86-07-00001-2
- Jovan Đ. Marković: Enciklopedijski geografski leksikon Jugoslavije . Svjetlost-Sarajevo 1990, ISBN 86-01-02651-6
Web links
- Description of the river. In: Encyclopedia of the European East (EEO), University of Klagenfurt
References and comments
- ↑ According to the Serbian dictionary from 2005