Tristan Corbière

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Tristan Corbière

Tristan Corbière (actually Edouard-Joachim Corbière ; born July 18, 1845 in the mansion Coat-Congar in Morlaix , Brittany ; † March 1, 1875 in Morlaix) was a French poet . He was one of the pioneers of literary symbolism and surrealism in France.

Life

Tristan Corbière was the son of the naval writer Jean-Antoine-René-Edouard Corbière, who was widely read at the time. He attended school in Saint-Brieuc and Nantes , but had suffered from bronchial asthma and rheumatoid arthritis from the age of 16 and therefore initially led a rather withdrawn life, exclusively in Brittany. Since 1868 he has been on extensive journeys that took him to Italy , Africa and Asia . In 1871 he followed the Italian actress Marcella, with whom he had an amour fou and who appears repeatedly in his poems as Beatrice, to Paris . There he worked, with little commercial success, as a freelancer for various magazines and increasingly devoted himself to his poetry. In 1873 he published his masterpiece, the volume of poetry Les amours jaunes , which initially went largely unnoticed. In 1875 Corbière died of advanced pulmonary consumption .

Literary creation and aftermath

Tristan Corbière

The discoverer of Tristan Corbière's work was Paul Verlaine , who in 1883 praised him as the first poète maudit ("cursed poet"). In Corbière's poems, calls for a political revolt against the existing order alternate with sarcasms, farces, blasphemy and abuse of the traditional, as well as self-humiliation. In contrast to the Symbolists, Corbière does not believe in a consecration or healing of world events through art. His “yellow love affairs” are faded, dull, gloomy and disgruntled loves and passions in the style of decadence. He shows cities and people in agony, the Paris of the 1870s, in which the author seeks the ideal of romanticism, but it shows itself to him among the hordes of ragged proletarians and those of Napoléon III who was colonialist . bankers who have become rich do not. Like most bohemian artists , Corbière sensed the upheaval of the industrial revolution and French African colonialism, but he was unable to respond to them other than in sentences that were as morbid as sarcastic. Only in his poems about the Breton landscape is a more conciliatory and completely new tone that anticipates the surrealistic imagery.

The rediscovery of Corbière introduced surrealism around André Breton . He is considered to be the foster father of his own literary ideas. He was followed by TS Eliot and Ezra Pound . Corbière's poems have been set to music several times, including by the American singer Diamanda Galás .

In Germany, Corbière has achieved little notoriety compared to the contemporary rebels of lyric poetry, Arthur Rimbaud and Paul Verlaine .

Works

  • Les amours jaunes . Glady Frères, Paris 1873; Livres de Poche, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-253-16083-0 .
  • Casino de trépassés. L'Américaine (prose works from the estate). Edmond Charlot, Alger 1941.
  • Œuvres complètes (complete works). Gallimard, Paris 1970; Laffont, Paris 1980, ISBN 2-221-50129-2 .

literature

  • Isabelle Almeida: “O Só” by António Nobre e “Les amours jaunes” by Tristan Corbière. Poéticas da ausência. Series: Universidade Porto . NEL Studies in literature, 4th ed. FCT, Fundação para a Ciência ea Tecnologia, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, Lisboa . Meidenbauer, Munich 2008 ISBN 9783899751000 (with bibliography and bibliography; - in Portuguese)

Web links

Commons : Tristan Corbière  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Tristan Corbière  - Sources and full texts (French)
personal data
SURNAME Corbière, Tristan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Corbière, Edouard-Joachim (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French poet
DATE OF BIRTH July 18, 1845
PLACE OF BIRTH Morlaix , Brittany, France
DATE OF DEATH March 1, 1875
Place of death Morlaix , Brittany, France