Umnak
| Umnak | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Waters | Pacific Ocean | |
| Archipelago | Fox Islands | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 13 ′ N , 168 ° 26 ′ W | |
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| length | 134 km | |
| surface | 1 777 km² | |
| Highest elevation |
Mount Vsevidof 2149 m |
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| Residents | 39 (2000) <1 inh / km² |
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| main place | Nikolsky | |
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Umnak is an island in the Fox Islands , a group of islands in the middle of the Aleutian Islands , Alaska .
geography
Umnak is the third largest island of the Aleutian Islands with a land area of 1777 km². The elongated island reaches a length of 134 km in northeast-southwest direction. It is separated from Unalaska by the Umnak Pass to the east .
There are three stratovolcanoes on the island: Mount Okmok dominates the northeast, Mount Vsevidof and Mount Recheshnoi dominate the center of the island. The southwest of the island, on the other hand, is quite flat and covered by many lakes.
There are eight geysers on Umnak .
- Volcanoes
Mount Okmok
Mount Vsevidof
Mount Recheshnoi
population
The island's population is 39 people ( 2000 census ) who live in the only settlement, Nikolsky . The airport, Nikolski Air Station ( IATA code UNS), is to the east of the settlement.
history
The retreat of the glaciers about 11,000 years ago created many lakes in the southwest, such as Chaluka Lake , Elbow Lake , Idaliuk Lake and Salmon Lake and created good living conditions for the Aleutians . Anangula , a small island in the Nikolsky Bay, was settled about 8,400 years ago and was probably abandoned after a violent eruption of Mount Okmok about 8,250 years ago. In the southwestern part of Umnak the remains of many Aleutian settlements have been found, some of which have existed up to our time. Sandy Beach was believed to have been settled after Anangula's abandonment. Also Idaliuk and Chaluka were passed larger settlements several thousand years.
Fort Glenn, a former military base on the island's northwest coast, played an important role in the North Pacific theater of war during World War II .
literature
- Robert F. Black: Geology of Umnak Island, Eastern Aleutian Islands as Related to the Aleuts . In: Arctic and Alpine Research . Vol. 8, No. 1 (February 1976), ISSN 0004-0851 , pp. 7-35.
- Robert F. Black: Late-Quaternary Geomorphic Processes: Effects on the Ancient Aleuts of Umnak Island in the Aleutians . In: Arctic . Vol. 28, No. 3 (September 1975), ISSN 0004-0843 , pp. 159-169. ( Full text ; PDF; 693 kB)
