Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala

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Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala
logo
motto Id y enseñad a todos (Go teach everyone)
founding 1676
Sponsorship state
place Guatemala City
Rector Carlos Alvarado Cerezo
Students 200,174 (2015)
Website www.usac.edu.gt

The Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala ( USAC ) is the state university of Guatemala . It is the oldest and largest university in Central America . It was founded in 1676 and is based in Guatemala City .

history

Pre-founding period

Since the beginning of the 16th century, some grammar schools in Guatemala, such as the Colegio de Santo Domingo , the Colegio de San Lucas , the Colegio Tridentino and the Colegio de San Francisco , offered academic lectures. The first two also had temporary permits for the award of academic degrees.

In 1562 the first bishop of Guatemala, Francisco Marroquín , founded a college ( Colegio Universitario de Santo Tomás ) for scholarship holders from poorer backgrounds with courses in philosophy , law and theology . This became the immediate forerunner of the later university.

In 1646 the Royal Oberpostdirektion Director (donated Correo Mayor ) Pedro Crespo Suárez the Dominican Order , a sum of 20,000 pesos for the establishment of a university. This prompted the city council of the then capital, Santiago de Guatemala , to ask the Spanish king for permission in 1652.

Foundation and colonial times

The University of San Carlos de Guatemala was founded by decree of the Spanish King Charles II on January 31, 1676. The Colegio Universitario de Santo Tomás with its - thanks to donations from Bishop Marroquín and other patrons - not inconsiderable fortunes in the new university went on. The establishment of the first chair was celebrated on December 18, 1680, the official opening of the university on January 7, 1681.

In the early days, the university was located in a building within the Dominican monastery of Santiago de Guatemala. In addition to the usual faculties of her time - both rights (civil law and canon law ), medicine, philosophy and theology - she also offered the study of indigenous languages . In addition to scholastic doctrines , modern philosophy and later the teachings of English and French scientists of the 18th century were also taught. The course was open to everyone, regardless of class or origin: Criollos and Spaniards as well as Indians. Its first graduates include names of indigenous origin as well as of people from the common people.

The university achieved international importance when Pope Innocent XI. it was raised by papal bull of June 18, 1687 to the Pontifical University ( Real y Pontífica Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala ).

In 1758 she moved to the Casa de Alcántara opposite the cathedral. After Santiago de Guatemala was almost completely destroyed by an earthquake in 1773 and today's capital was founded, the university also moved to Guatemala City in 1777.

More than five thousand students studied at the university during the colonial period.

The postcolonial university to this day

At the end of the 19th century, the university lost its autonomy under the government of Manuel Estrada Cabrera . It did not regain it until November 9, 1944, by decree of the then ruling "Revolutionary Junta". This was then enshrined in the Guatemalan Constitution of 1945. Since then, the university has been independent with regard to the selection of staff and students, internal administration, the disposal of its assets and the state grants guaranteed to it, as well as with regard to entering into international cooperation.

During the period of civil war in Guatemala (1963- 96 ), the University of San Carlos was a center of the peaceful as well as the armed resistance against the government, particularly against the ruling military regime to 1986. This led to her also being at the center of repression by the military . In the first half of the 1980s in particular, numerous professors and students at the university fell victim to the violence.

Eminent teachers and students at the university

Emilio Arenales Catalan Diplomat and politician 1922 - 69 Student (law)
Miguel Ángel Asturias Writer ( Nobel Prize 1967) and diplomat 1899-1974 Student (law)
Juan José de Aycinena y Piñol Priests and politicians 1792-1865 Student (theology and law)
Mariano de Aycinena y Piñol Head of State (1827 - 29 ) 1789-1855 Student (law)
Pedro de Aycinena y Piñol President (1865) 1802-1897 Student (law)
Marco Vinicio Cerezo Arévalo President ( 1986-91 ) * 1942 Student (law)
José Matías Delgado Central American freedom fighter and head of state 1767-1832 Student (theology and law)
José Cecilio Del Valle Central American freedom fighter 1780-1834 Student (law)
Mariano Gálvez Head of State (1831 - 38 ) 1794-1862 Student (law)
Antonio José de Irisarri First Director Supremo of Chile (1814) 1786-1868 college student
Antonio Larrazábal Priests and politicians 1769-1853 Student (theology and law)
Pedro Molina Central American freedom fighter 1777-1854 Student (medicine)

research

Institutions

In addition to the offers of the faculties and schools, there is a center for language ( Centro de Aprendizaje de Lenguas ), a center for urban and regional studies ( Centro de Estudios Urbanos y Regionales ) and a center for interethnic studies ( Centro de Estudios Interétnicos ).

Libraries

University library

Since 1974 the university has had a central library in which all faculty and special libraries have been combined. The library building designed by the architects Max Holzheu Stollreiter and Augusto de León Fajardo and the artist Luis Díaz Aldana was awarded a UNESCO prize. Catalog and lending have been automated and accessible via the Internet since 1993.

In addition to the central library, the university maintains smaller libraries at its external locations (see: "Campus").

Cooperations and memberships

The university has over 100 international cooperation agreements with universities and scientific institutions in 27 countries, particularly in Spain , Mexico and the USA . Among other things, it is also a contractual partner of the DAAD . She is also a member of the network of Latin American and Caribbean universities.

Teaching

The university is divided into 10 faculties and 6 schools. These offer a total of 102 Licenciatur and Master’s courses.

Faculties

The university has the following faculties and schools:

  • agronomy
  • architecture
  • Economics
  • Law and Social Sciences
  • medicine
  • Chemistry and pharmacy
  • Human sciences
  • Engineering
  • Veterinary medicine
  • Dentistry

schools

  • Political science
  • Communication science
  • psychology
  • pedagogy
  • history
  • Social work

campus

The university's central campus is located in Zone 12 in the northwest of Guatemala City.

In addition, the university has 10 locations all over the country:

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ [1] lahora.gt