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The Church of Our Lady

The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Our Lady is located in Lauben in Upper Swabia near Memmingen in the Unterallgäu district in Bavaria . The church is a listed building.

location

The church is in the center of town on the MN13 district road south of the town hall. To the east and north the terrain slopes steeply towards the Günz . The slope is secured by a brick wall.

history

local community

The lowest tower floor of the church building mentioned in 1167 is still preserved. The local owners at the time, the Knights of Lauben, had the church built as their own church. A "Uolricus de Loubon" was last mentioned in 1258 in a document from the Frauenkirche zu Memmingen . Later, the place and the church went to Heinrich von Schönegg von Lauben, who owned the village according to a document dated 1349. In 1364 at the latest, the church and the village came to the knights of Reyberg von Achstetten. The Memmingen citizen Klaus Tagbrecht bought the village for 1,500 pounds a short time later, on November 24, 1383. This also included the church law and the bailiff to the church. The Vogtrecht was rewarded annually with twelve Malter grain. The parish also included a parish estate, eight days of meadows and an estate in Rummeltshausen . On August 24, 1399, Klaus Tagbrecht founded the Dreikönigskapellenstiftung in Kalchstrasse in Memmingen. The village of Lauben was given to the foundation run by the imperial city of Memmingen as the most important economic basis. A priest, "Hainrich (Count) von Lobun", was first mentioned in 1353. Forty years later he got into a dispute with the owner of the church, Klaus Tagbrecht, about interest on loaned properties. The priest, who died between 1401 and 1405, was mentioned for the last time on April 28, 1401 as a surety in a document. During his more than 50-year tenure as priest of Lauben, he was also the chamberlain of the Ottobeuren chapter. A request from the foundation curator incorporation of the parish of Lauben, approved by the bishop in Augsburg on July 17, 1405 , was implemented a short time later. As a result, the foundation only had to employ a vicar who was appropriately remunerated. As early as 1531 the Protestant teaching was introduced by the imperial city in Lauben. The last Catholic pastor, Hans Blaicher, was released on Michaelmas Day. He had all rights from his priesthood redeemed for twelve Malter Korn. In addition, he received an unspecified sum of money and hay.

As the first evangelical pastor, the city installed Martin Ülin in Lauben on November 9, 1531. He shouldn't push for the little tithe. The farmers of Lauben were ordered to rush to the pastor's aid in the event of a military emergency. As early as May 1532, Ülin took on the imperial city by urging that the peasants also despise the small tithe. However, this request was rejected by the imperial city. It was not until 1534 that Ülin was able to convert the small tithe, which had to be delivered in kind, into a fixed amount of money. Of this, he was supposed to have 15 guilders. In September 1535, Martin Ülin was dismissed without notice by the Memmingen city council because he had traded in corn, which a pastor was not entitled to. An objection by the pastor of St. Martin zu Memmingen was also unsuccessful. In the period from 1635 to 1649 the parish in Lauben was vacant due to the Thirty Years' War . During this time, the spiritual life was looked after by Magister Joseph Reusch from Memmingen. The city of Memmingen held sovereignty over spiritual life until mediatization . Since then, the church has been independent and belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Dean's Office in Memmingen . The cemetery around the church was closed in 1973.

Building history

The first church was mentioned in 1167. The two lower floors of the tuff tower and the preserved north wall of the nave indicate good stone carving. The church had a Lombard wall structure . Around 1460/1470 the decision was made to build a new building because the church had become too small. This is how the Gothic south facade from Nagelfluh and the choir with its impressive late Gothic vault were created. The next enlargement was an extension of about four meters to the west in 1522. Today's west facade from the late Gothic phase shows decorative shapes above a Gothic pointed arch window in the gable triangle, which can be interpreted as retrospective architecture , but also occur elsewhere in the late Gothic period. During this construction project, an entrance with a sign was probably added on the south side of the nave .

With the introduction of the Reformation in 1531, all altars were removed by a regular iconoclasm . The pulpit at the southern corner of the choir arch was installed in 1615. Access was through a wall breakthrough into the sacristy on the north side. The first restoration took place in 1617, during which the tower also received a clock. At the beginning of the 18th century, two windows were let into the north wall of the nave, which cut through the Romanesque round arch frieze. An organ gallery was built in 1756 and exposed with two oval windows on both sides. In the same year, the entrance to the church was relocated to the west side with a sign. The sign in the south has been canceled. The last renovation took place from 1955 to 1956, the foundations were drained in 2000.

Building description

Bell cage in the church tower

The church building consists of a nave with four window axes and a flat ceiling . This is followed with a round chancel of consisting of three axes retracted chorus to 3/8-circuit. In the choir, a ribbed vault rests on heraldic consoles. The eastern part of the nave and the lower tower floors are made of tuff stone , the other parts of the building are made of bricks . In the south side of the nave there are two tracery windows, in the western axis there are two oval windows on both sides. The choir windows were renewed in 1886. The north wall contains windows with stepped round arches that intersect a round arch frieze on the outer facade. The west facade has an ogival window. The outer facade of the choir is structured by pilaster strips , and an arched frieze runs below the eaves . The sacristy with an approximately square floor plan is built on the south side . It has a gable roof and a groin vault inside . The undivided church tower with a gable roof stands in the northern corner of the choir . Simple coupled sound arcades are installed on the upper floor .

Interior

Choir with ribbed vault and altar

The neo-Gothic altar in the choir was created in 1886 by Hans Vordermayer. The pulpit was donated by Christoph Heinrich Dittmar according to an inscription in the 1708th It consists of a colored wooden structure with partly gold-plated decor. The polygonal basket of the pulpit is divided into fields with images of Jesus Christ and the four evangelists . The intermediate areas of the pictures are filled with angel heads with pendants of fruit. An angel with a palm branch crowns the cover.

Emanuel Jakob Schwarz donated the red marble font in 1772 . It consists of a quadrilateral basin and is decorated with shellwork decoration. The metal lid carries a dove.

The stalls of softwood dates back to 1700. The barn stalls on the back wall of the nave of the same period has partially curved cheeks. The two single-seat choir stalls with their curved cheeks are made of softwood and date from the late 17th century. A fretwork ornaments are found on the dorsal panels.

The church's five large framed paintings were created by Christian Mayer . They represent the Annunciation of the Lord (marked “1749”), the Adoration of the Shepherds (“1765”), the Crucifixion (“1749”), the Resurrection (“1755”) and the Ascension of Christ (“1759”). Also the paintings on the gallery parapet depicting the twelve apostles and Jesus come from him.

Two painted angels from 1460/1470 can be seen on the northern vaulted caps in the choir . Above the altar, between the ribs of the vault, there is the painted double coat of arms of the city of Memmingen and the Tagbrecht family. Both coats of arms were only created in 1617, but are labeled "1399" (coat of arms of the city of Memmingen) and "1383". The south wall of the nave bears a painted sundial .

Commemorative plaques made of Solnhofen limestone were attached to the north inner wall of the nave for the fallen and missing persons in 1805/1815 and the Franco-German War of 1870/1871 .

  • Sundial on the south facade of the nave

  • Detail of the high altar

  • Ceiling of the pulpit cover

  • Gallery

  • Ceiling fresco

Web links

Commons : Our Dear Women  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments - Bavaria III - Swabia . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03116-6 , pp. 628 .
  • Tilmann Breuer: City and District of Memmingen . Ed .: Heinrich Kreisel and Adam Horn. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1959, p. 138, 139 .
  • Rudolf Großmann: The Evangelical Lutheran. Praffkirche Our Lady in Lauben an der Günz . Self-published, Memmingen ( document [PDF]).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation: Entry D-7-78-163-1 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / geodaten.bayern.de

Coordinates: 48 ° 3 ′ 31.5 ″  N , 10 ° 17 ′ 27.6 ″  E