Upper Moutere
| Upper Moutere | ||
| Geographical location | ||
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| Coordinates | 41 ° 16 ′ S , 173 ° 0 ′ E | |
| Region ISO | NZ-TAS | |
| Country |
 New Zealand
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| region | Tasman | |
| District | Tasman District | |
| Ward | Moutere-Waimea Ward | |
| Residents | few | |
| height | 78 m | |
| Post Code | 7173 | |
| Telephone code | +64 (0) 3 | |
| Photography of the place | ||
.jpg) Center of the village of Upper Moutere |
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Upper Moutere ,called Sarau until 1917, is a village with German settlement history in the Tasman District on the South Island of New Zealand .
geography
Upper Moutere is located around 23 km west of Nelson and around 16 km south of Motueka on the Moutere Hills . The Moutere River flows through the village and flows south of Motueka first into the Moutere Inlet and then into Tasman Bay . The Moutere Highway runs through the village , a country road that runs largely parallel to New Zealand State Highway 60 and provides cross-connections to it.
history
background
The first German settlers to settle in the Nelson area left Hamburg on December 26, 1842 and sailed on the St. Pauli to New Zealand in more than six months . They reached Nelson on June 14, 1843. The newcomers founded Sankt Paulidorf in 1843 , which however had to be abandoned after a year due to flooding. Some settlers gave up, looked for settlement options in other parts of New Zealand or emigrated to Australia . Others stayed in the region. However, some of those who went to Australia later returned to New Zealand and some settled in Houhora and Awanui . The region around Nelson is the oldest German settlement area in New Zealand. Other early settlement areas were Puhoi and the Rangitikei District .
Ranzau, Sarau, Neudorf
On September 1, 1844, a second group of settlers, most of whom came from Mecklenburg , reached the area around Nelson . Count Kuno zu Rantzau-Breitenburg , interested in settlement projects in New Zealand as an investment project, financed the crossing and settlement of 13 families after news of the imminent bankruptcy of the New Zealand Company in March 1844 put the project into question at short notice.
On April 21, 1844 the Skjold cast off from Hamburg . Also on the ship were three authorized representatives from Rantzau-Breitenburg (Johann Benoit, Carl and Johann Kelling ) who were supposed to manage his property and operate the settlement.
The group settled in the east of Waimea Plain , the area designated by the New Zealand Company , around 10 km southwest of Nelson . They named their settlement Ranzau in honor of their protégé. Grain cultivation, later fruit, hops and tobacco cultivation, represented the economic basis of their commitment. From 1850, individual settlers began to raise sheep. In the mid-1850s, more immigrants came to the area and founded the village of Sarau, located further north-west, with individual settlers from the very beginning. Neudorf and Rosental followed after further immigration in the 1860s.
Since the majority of the settlers came from northern Germany, they were mostly of the Lutheran faith. Pastor Heine moved to Ranzau in 1849 and in 1853 with his wife Anna to Sarau, where he inaugurated St Paul's Church in 1865, the first local Lutheran church.
Renaming of places
During the First World War , the German population in New Zealand was discriminated against as "hostile foreigners" and many of them were interned on islands such as Motuihe Island during the war . Others got into the conflict of fighting with New Zealanders against Germany. In the anti-German mood that developed, German place or street names were often Anglicized . So were Sarau to Upper Moutere , Ranzau to Hope and Rosental to Rosedale renamed.
today
Upper Moutere is now a developing community that also provides services to the nearby settlements of Neudorf , Dovedale , Ngatimoti , Mahana and Orinoco . In the surrounding farms, horticulture with apples, grapes, berries and hops contributes to part of the income, sheep and cattle raise the other.
German is no longer spoken among the inhabitants today. Only tourism or a trip to the cemeteries keeps the memory of the German settlement history of the place and the surrounding area alive. The current owner of the Moutere Inn likes to refer to the more than 160-year history of his inn with German origins and claims to be the oldest pub in New Zealand, whereas St. Paul's Lutheran Church draws attention to its German past with guided tours.
There are still some German place or street names that testify to the past times of German settlement. The village of Neudorf or Ranzau as an electoral district, Ranzau Road , Ranzau Church or the Ranzau School , to name just a few. Also at the entrance to Upper Moutere , a sign indicates that the place was once called Sarau .
See also
literature
- James N. Bade : The German Connection - New Zealand and German-Speaking Europe in the Nineteenth Century . Oxford University Press , Auckland 1993, ISBN 0-19-558283-7 (English).
Web links
- Max D. Lash : Kelling, Carl Friederich Christian. In: Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture & Heritage , September 1, 2010, accessed February 1, 2011 .
- Marc Bennier : The Emigration of the Bennier Family . ancestry.com, accessed February 1, 2011 .
Individual evidence
- ^ "Sarau" - Historic Village of Upper Moutere . (PDF; 746 kB) St Paul's Lutheran Community Church , archived from the original on February 7, 2013 ; accessed on December 30, 2015 (English).
- ↑ Topo250 maps . Land Information New Zealand , accessed August 17, 2017 .
- ^ German settlement in Nelson . THEPROW.org.nz, accessed February 1, 2011 .
- ↑ a b James N. Bade : The German Connection - Chapter 6 - The Nelson German Settlements . S. 52-59 (English).
- ^ Immigration after 1914 . Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand , accessed February 1, 2011 .
- ^ About Upper Moutere, Tasman District . Tasman District Council , accessed February 1, 2011 .
- ^ The Moutere Inn - The Oldest Pub in New Zealand . (PDF; 616 kB) The Mouterer Inn , accessed on May 21, 2019 (English).
- ^ St Pauls Community Church - Upper Moutere . St. Paul's Lutheran Church , accessed May 21, 2019 .