Venier

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Venier family coat of arms
Sebastiano Venier (1496–1578), 86th Doge of Venice (by Tintoretto )

The Venier (also referred to in the plural as Venieri or feminine as Veniera ) are a Venetian patrician family . She played an important role in the Venetian colonies and provided three Doges of Venice . The family is therefore counted among those 16 families who are referred to as the "ducal houses" (case nuove ducali) (see: patriciate of Venice ), although they did not have this rank hereditary, but only in the respective person of the elective duke. In 1857 the family was elevated to the status of Austrian count .

history

The family is one of the oldest in the city of Venice . According to tradition, the family originally came from Vicenza . The legend of ancestry, which is not uncommon among old Italian families (mostly originated in the Renaissance) and goes back to antiquity, sees them as descendants of the gens aurelia . However, the Venians appear in documents by the 11th century at the latest and belong to the "new families", the case nuove (see: patriciate of Venice ). Their house church has been San Zan Degolà since the 11th century .

After the Fourth Crusade , they received rule over the Greek islands of Kythira and Paros and, together with the families of those of Martinengo and Lion , the castles of Zemunik Donji in Dalmatia and Sanguinetto in Veneto. The municipality of Vinjerac (Italian: Castel Venier ) in Dalmatia had been the property of the family since 1409 and was named after them.

A branch of the family moved to Crete , which was under the rule of the Republic of Venice . Parts of the family took part in the uprising of the Venetian settlers in Crete (1363-1366) , the leader of which was Tito Venier. Most of the Venians in Venice remained loyal and continued to serve the republic. Three doges and military personalities came from their circle, and they were also active in the cultural field.

After the fall of the Republic of Venice, the nobility in the subsequent kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia was "confirmed" by the highest resolution by the Austrian emperor (although there was no nobility in the republic, but a patriciate whose members were called nobilhòmini ). The diploma of the Austrian counts was granted on June 13, 1857. As one of 64 counts, the family had a hereditary seat in the manor house , the upper house of the Imperial Council .

Family coat of arms of the Counts of Venier

coat of arms

The family coat of arms is divided five times by red and silver. On the crowned helmet with red and silver helmet covers a gold embroidered doge cap .

Great personalities

The Venians provided three Doges of Venice :

as well as 18 procurators and a number of admirals.

  • Lorenzo Venier (1510–1550) was a poet, as was his son:
  • Maffio Venier (1550–1586) was Archbishop of Corfu, Zakynthos and Kefalonia (1583–86) and worked as a poet
  • Cecilia Venier-Baffo (1525–1583), daughter of a governor of Paros, became the lover of Sultan Selim II and as the mother of the later Sultan Murad III. under her Ottoman name Nurbanu to the Valide Sultan (sultan's mother) and thus to one of the most powerful women of her time.
  • Lydia Venieri (* 1962), modern artist, comes from the Greek line of the family

Possessions

The family owned several properties in Venice and the wider region, including the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni , the Palazzo Venier Manfrin, and the Palazzo Venier Contarini in Venice.

The church of San Zan Degolà in Venice dates back to the 8th century. The construction was sponsored by a foundation owned by the family who owned a palace nearby.

literature

  • F. Heyer von Rosenfeld: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms, Volume IV, Section 3; The nobility of the Kingdom of Dalmatia; Nuremberg 1878, p. 86, plate 52
  • G. von Csergheö: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms, Volume IV, Section 15, Part 1; The nobility of Hungary including the neighboring countries of the St. Stephen's Crown; Nuremberg 1893, p. 709, plate 485

Individual evidence

  1. ^ [John Temple Leader:] Libro dei nobili veneti ora per la prima volta messo in Luce p. 86.
  2. Giuseppe Tassini, Curiosità Veneziane vol. 2, note integrative e revisione a cura di Marina Crivellari Bizio, Franco Filippi, Andrea Perego, Venezia, Filippi Editore [1863], 2009. ISBN 978-88-6495-063-1
  3. http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/venier/
  4. http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/venier/
  5. http://www.venieri.com/
  6. ^ [John Temple Leader:] Libro dei nobili veneti ora per la prima volta messo in Luce p. 86
  7. Giuseppe Tassini, Curiosità Veneziane vol. 2, note integrative e revisione a cura di Marina Crivellari Bizio, Franco Filippi, Andrea Perego. Venezia, Filippi Editore [1863], 2009. ISBN 978-88-6495-063-1

Web links

Commons : Venier  - collection of images, videos and audio files